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H Shigeno

Publications and source records attributed to H Shigeno.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

A three-month repeated oral administration study of a low viscosity grade of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in rats.

The toxicity of the lowest viscosity grade of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) that is currently commercially available was investigated by means of a three-month repeated oral administration study in male and female Crj:CD (SD) IGS rats at doses of 505, 1,020 and 2,100 mg/kg/day. Body weights of males and females in the 2,100 mg/kg group were lower than those of the control group on and after day 28 of administration, but the differences were not statistically significant. The degree of suppression of body weight gain in males was higher than that in females. This tendency was similar to the results in other toxicity studies of HPMC that have been reported. Males in the 2,100 mg/kg group showed a tendency (not significant) for decreased food consumption and urine volume. Examinations of general signs, hematology, blood chemistry, ophthalmology, absolute and relative organ weights, autopsy and histopathology revealed only a few, apparently coincidental, statistically significant differences from the control, and no evidence of any dose-dependent changes was found. It was concluded that the lowest viscosity grade of HPMC showed extremely low toxicity under the conditions of this study, as has been found for higher viscosity grades.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[Cytomegalovirus pneumonia treated with ganciclovir and intravenous CMV-hyperimmune globulin: case report].

A 60-year-old male with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) complained of fever, cough and dyspnea, after anti-leukemic chemotherapy. Chest X-ray film showed a diffuse interstitial shadow, and cytomegalic inclusions and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen were detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage specimen and sputum. The diagnosis of CMV pneumonia was made, then ganciclovir and intravenous CMV-hyperimmune globin was administered. Although CMV pneumonia was improved with the treatment, the patient died of ATL. There was no cytomegalic inclusions in the lung but in the adrenal at autopsy. The combination therapy of ganciclovir and intravenous CMV-hyperimmune globulin is considered to be effective for CMV pneumonia.

Cytomegalovirus↗
PubMed1992

[A case of penicillin-resistant pneumococcal pneumonia and penicillin-binding proteins of the clinical isolates].

We experienced a case of a 68-year-old female with beta-lactam antibiotics including penicillin G (PCG) resistant pneumococcal pneumonia, leading to death during the treatment with ceftizoxime (CZX). We reported the clinical course and the mechanism of resistance of isolated bacteria. The present case is the first in Japan. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Streptococcus pneumoniae 88031 isolated from the present case was 1.56 micrograms/ml in PCG and 6.25 micrograms/ml in CZX, showing PCG resistance. The isolate was no beta-lactamase production and serotype 23. The drug susceptibility in 34 strains of S. pneumoniae which were isolated as causative organism of respiratory infection in our department in 1988 was studied. PCG high resistant strain (PCG MIC greater than 1.56 micrograms/ml) was only observed in the isolated strain in the present case and PCG low sensitive strains (PCG MIC = 0.1-1.0 micrograms/ml) were observed in 3 strains (8.8%). The CZX resistance was observed only in the present case. The detection of penicillin-binding protein (PBP) and binding affinity of beta-lactam antibiotics were studied using PCG sensitive strain, S. pneumoniae type I (preserved strain PCG MIC = 0.05 micrograms/ml, CZX MIC = 0.1 micrograms/ml, CMX MIC = 0.025 micrograms/ml) and PCG resistant strain, S. pneumoniae 88031. The result obtained showed that PBP1a, detected in sensitive strain type I, was not detected in resistant strain 88031 and PBP1b was increased. The binding of 14C-PCG of PCG resistant strain to PBP1b showed lower affinity for CZX and CMX than PCG sensitive strain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[A clinical study on liver dysfunction in patients with acute measles infection].

Liver dysfunction in patients with measles infection is reported commonly in European and American literatures, but those in Japan are relatively rare. We observed the abnormal elevation of serum transaminase in 17 of 18 juvenile patients with measles from December 1989 to February 1990, however severe complications such as pneumonia or meningitis were not observed. A diagnosis of measles was made by typical clinical symptoms and the elevation of IgM antibody against measles (EIA method). Ninety four percent of the patients showed the elevation of serum transaminase, (GOT 118.6 +/- 96.2 IU/l, GPT 161.5 +/- 167.6 IU/l), and all patients recovered completely in 30.5 +/- 12.8 days after the onset. The abnormal evaluation of serum LDH was seen in 94% of the patients, (mean value was 872.2 +/- 216.2 IU/l). LDH4 mainly elevated in most cases, however, LDH5 elevated only in 4 cases. The intensity of liver dysfunction did not correlate to the severity of measles in the present cases. It is considered to be characteristic to the patients with measles that the serum level of LDH is markedly high as compared with that of transaminase.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[HTLV-I associated interstitial pneumonia--a case report and bronchoalveolar lavage study].

A 70-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of fever and dyspnea. The patient was seropositive for HTLV-I and ATL cells were seen in the peripheral blood in the percentage of 2-5. The proviral DNA was positive and the diagnosis of smoldering ATL was made. His chest X-ray film showed diffuse reticulo-nodular infiltrates in both lung fields. The lung tissue obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy showed the lymphocytic infiltrations in the alveolar septa and the submucosa of the bronchioles. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid showed an increased proportion of lymphocytes that consisted mainly of CD3+ DR+ cells and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio was 2.1 during exacerbation and 0.8 after steroid therapy. Anti-HTLV-I IgG and IgA antibodies were positive in both serum and BAL fluid by Western blotting method. It is suggested that T-lymphocyte alveolitis may occur in patients who are seropositive for HTLV-I and the immunological mechanism seems to be responsible.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A histopathological study on pseudomonas pneumonia diagnosed by immunostaining with monoclonal antibody].

Pseudomonas pneumonia is one of the fatal opportunistic infections. We examined Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the autopsied lung tissues by the immunostaining (Biotin-Streptoavidin peroxidase complex method). Out of 185 autopsied cases, fifty-three cases had bacterial pneumonia. We performed the immunostaining to these 53 cases, of which 14 cases (26.4%) were diagnosed as pseudomonas pneumonia. All of the 14 cases had severe underlying diseases which were hematologic malignancies in six, solid malignancies in five and so on. Of ten of them pseudomonas pneumonia was considered to be the direct cause of death. P. aeruginosa was observed in alveolar space in all cases, and in bronchial and bronchiolar lumen in many cases. P. aeruginosa was also detected in alveolar and vascular walls. Histopathologically necrotizing vasculitis and alveolar destruction were characteristic, and intra-alveolar hemorrhage, fibrinous exudate, abscess formation, coagulation necrosis and thrombosis were observed in most cases. Necrotizing vasculitis and intra-alveolar hemorrhage were more severe in the cases of leukopenic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of adult T-cell leukemia with pulmonary cryptococcosis, cryptococcal meningitis and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia].

A 66-year-old woman was admitted to the Medical College Hospital of Oita on February 23, 1988, because of headache and fever. Chest X-P and chest CT findings showed a coin lesion in r-S4. Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated from the CSF. Abnormal lymphocytes with lobulated nuclei were found in 0-5% of peripheral leukocytes. The ATLA-antibody was positive and bone marrow smear showed normal myelogram. According to these data, we diagnosed the patient as smouldering adult T-cell leukemia accompanied with pulmonary cryptococcosis and cryptococcal meningitis. C. neoformans disappeared from the CSF and cryptococcal antigen was not detectable after Amphotericin B and Flucytosine treatment. On April 1, the patient complained of a dry cough, high fever and dyspnea. A chest X-ray showed bilateral patchy infiltrations. By the methenamine silver staining, cysts of Pneumocystis carinii were found in the specimens of transbronchial lung biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The abnormal shadow on chest X-ray disappeared after TMP-SMX and aerosolised pentamidine treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A clinicopathological study on cytomegalovirus infection].

A clinicopathological study was carried out in 200 autopsied cases experienced in our department from 1981 to 1988. Cytomegalovirus infection was detected in 18 cases (9.0%). Eleven patients were male and 7 were female, and their ages ranged from 21 to 72 with a mean of 58.1 years. Primary diseases were mainly Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (7 cases) and Adult T-cell leukemia (4 cases), and corticosteroid had been administered to all of them. The most commonly involved organ was lung (77.8%), followed by adrenal (55.6%), esophagus, pancreas, ovary (22.2%), stomach, small intestine, thyroid (16.7%), liver, kidney, tongue (11.1%), and so on. Concomitant infections were frequently complicated, which were bacterial pneumonia (5 cases), fungal pneumonia (3 cases), disseminated varicella-zoster infection (2 cases) and herpes simplex virus esophagitis or stomatitis (5 cases), while, ten patients died of cytomegalovirus pneumonia. Cytomegalovirus infection was one of the fatal opportunistic infections in immunocompromised, especially cell-mediated immunity impaired, hosts such as the patients with lymphocytic malignancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A pathological study on herpes simplex virus infections in adults].

A pathological study was carried out in 200 autopsied cases experienced in our department from 1981 to 1988. Eight patients (4.0%) had herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections in their visceral organs. Another one patient was diagnosed as HSV hepatitis through necropsy of liver. The nine patients (five of them were male) ranged in age from 34 to 70 years (mean, 58). Four patients had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and the other included one with adult T-cell leukemia, one with multiple myeloma, one with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and one with bronchial asthma, however, one did not have any underlying disease. Two patients died of HSV fulminant hepatitis and one died of HSV diffuse interstitial pneumonia. The most commonly involved organ was esophagus (7/8), followed by tongue (5/8), liver (3/9), spleen, pancreas, lymph node (2/8), and lung, adrenal, tonsil (1/8). Typical herpetic changes such as ballooning degeneration of cells, multinucleated giant cells, ground-glass nuclei and Cowdry type A intranuclear inclusions were observed at the margin of the ulcer or coagulation necrosis. Indirect immunoperoxidase stain revealed HSV-1 antigen in all of the 9 cases, HSV particles were demonstrated in 2. Seven patients had concomitant infections with one or more pathogens in addition to HSV, which included cytomegalovirus in 5, aspergillus in 4, candida in 3 and bacteria in 3.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Silicosis and lung cancer].

A clinicopathological analysis was carried out on 50 cases of lung cancer with silicosis diagnosed from April 1975 to March 1988. All patients were males and the age distribution ranged from 47 to 85 years with a mean of 63.5 at diagnosis. They had been exposed to silica in tunneling for 3 to 42 years, with an average of 15.1. Forty eight cases smoked. Histologically, squamous cell carcinoma was the most common with 29 cases, followed by 10 small cell carcinomas, 6 adenocarcinomas, 4 large cell carcinomas and one adenosquamous carcinoma. Thirty seven tumors were located in peripheral regions, mostly upper lobe or S6, while 13 tumors were in large bronchi. As the most common histological types of lung cancer with silicosis were squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma, some carcinogens might be involved in tumorigenesis. Silica alone is not considered to be a carcinogen, however, silica containing adsorbed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from cigarette smoking or from industrial pyrolysis can act as a carcinogen or promoter.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

The antimicrobial activity of ciprofloxacin against Legionella species and the treatment of experimental Legionella pneumonia in guinea pigs.

The antimicrobial activity of ciprofloxacin was tested against 15 standard reference strains, and 37 clinical and environmental strains of Legionella pneumophila by an agar dilution method, using a new growth medium (B-SYE agar) which we devised. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin were found to be inoculum dependent, and ranged from 0.02 to 0.06 mg/l at 10(4) cfu inoculum and 0.02 by 0.125 mg/l at 10(6) cfu inoculum. The most potent antibacterial activity was shown by rifampicin, followed by ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, norfloxacin, erythromycin and pipemidic acid in that order. The therapeutic efficacy of ciprofloxacin in experimental guinea pig pneumonia due to L. pneumophila was fairly good with a survival rate of 80%. From other data of ours, its effectiveness in experimental pneumonia was equal to or greater than that of erythromycin. Further studies would be appropriate to investigate the possibility of using ciprofloxacin for the treatment of human L. pneumophila infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Clinical and bacteriological evaluation of Branhamella catarrhalis in respiratory infections.

The clinical significance of Branhamella catarrhalis in respiratory infections is evaluated. 175 strains were isolated, mainly from the sputum, in 71 patients with respiratory infections. B. catarrhalis was most frequently isolated in mixed infections with Haemophilus influenzae (38.3%), H. influenzae plus Streptococcus pneumoniae (10.3%) or S. pneumoniae (9.7%). The rate of isolation of B. catarrhalis alone was as low as 5.1% and from mixed infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter and/or Klebsiella species it was 36.6%. More than 10(7) cfu/ml of B. catarrhalis were isolated from 71.4% of cases. In 29 cases the organism was determined to be causative according to our criteria, most often in secondary infections in patients with complicated pneumoconiosis, chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis. 29 of 47 strains (61.7%) produced beta-lactamase of the penicillinase type. Against these strains, penicillin antibiotics and first and second generation cephalosporin antibiotics (except cefroxadine) showed weak activity compared with their activity against non-beta-lactamase-producing strains. The third generation cephalosporins showed a uniform spectrum of activity against both groups of organisms.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗