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Biomedical subjects

H Shimamoto

Publications and source records attributed to H Shimamoto.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[A comparison between stereotaxic operation and conservative therapy for thalamic hemorrhage].

The subjects studied in this report included 17 surgical cases which underwent evacuation of hematoma by means of BRW CT stereotaxic system approximately 14 days after its onset, and 11 non-operated cases. The average age was 65.5 years for the operated and 68.7 years for the non-operated groups. The neurological grades on admission were Grade III or above (slight or mild disturbance of consciousness). The evaluation of the cases was made according to (1) laterality of the hematoma on the left or right, (2) neurological grading, (3) maximum anterio-posterior, lateral diameters, and maximum depth of the hematoma, (4) CT classification (Kanaya, 1981) and ADL (5 grades) at 4.5 months after onset. No correlation was found between ADL and the laterality of the lesion in both groups. As for neurological grading I and ADL on admission, 6/8 cases in the operated and 3/8 in the nonoperated groups recovered to ADL grade 2 or above and 2 bed-ridden cases were included in the latter group. In regard to the extent of the hematoma, the mean ADL was 1.83 in the operated group. While 2.75 in the non-operated group where the hematoma was 25 mm or less in its maximum anterio-posterior diameter. On CT, there existed a significant difference in ADL at IIb and 4/5 of the operated and 1/4 of the non-operated groups appeared to be ADL 2 or above. Assessment of the activities (mental change, willingness) as well as the muscle strength was performed within 3 days after surgery in operated group and 88.2% and 35.3% improvements were observed, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1988

[Left ventricular diastolic reserve during acute pressure loading in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy].

To evaluate left ventricular diastolic reserve during acute pressure loading, changes in mitral flow velocity patterns before and after the elevation of blood pressure were analyzed by pulsed Doppler echocardiography in 11 cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), nine cases of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and 11 control subjects. Systolic blood pressure was elevated 25% above basal values by methoxamine infusion (0.01 mg/kg/min). Before and after methoxamine, left ventricular dimension and mitral flow velocity pattern were obtained by M-mode and pulsed Doppler echocardiography, respectively. The peak velocity in the rapid filling and atrial contraction phases and time-velocity integrals were measured from the flow pattern. After methoxamine, left ventricular diastolic dimension was significantly increased in all groups, from 43.8 +/- 4.7 mm to 47.4 +/- 4.9 mm in the control subjects, from 43.7 +/- 6.3 mm to 47.2 +/- 6.0 mm in HCM, and from 57.9 +/- 6.4 mm to 60.6 +/- 5.9 mm in DCM. Left ventricular systolic dimension was significantly increased from 48.6 +/- 8.4 mm to 52.8 +/- 8.3 mm in DCM, but not in the control subjects or HCM. The peak velocity in the rapid filling phase was significantly increased from 60 +/- 16 cm/sec to 69 +/- 14 cm/sec in the control subjects and tended to be increased from 44 +/- 13 cm/sec to 52 +/- 12 cm/sec in HCM. The extent of this increase tended to be less in HCM. However, the peak velocity in the rapid filling phase tended to decrease in DCM. There were no consistent trends of changes in the peak velocity in the atrial contraction phase in any groups. The mitral velocity integral increased from 502 Hz-sec to 621 Hz-sec in the controls and from 525 Hz-sec to 613 Hz-sec in HCM, but it did not increase in DCM. These findings suggest that there is impaired diastolic reserve during acute pressure loading in HCM and DCM and that the diastolic disturbance might be reflected in the early diastolic phase, rather than in the late diastolic phase.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[The penetration of cefoperazone into the cerebrospinal fluid in patients on acute or chronic stage].

Cefoperazone (CPZ) was administered to 10 patients with cerebrovascular disturbances at acute and chronic phases to investigate its passage into the cerebrospinal fluid. The antibiotic was administered at dosages of 1 g and 2 g to patients in the acute phase to examine the dose-dependency. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Serum concentrations Peak values of CPZ were 46.9 +/- 4.42 microgram/ml in acute phase patients in 1 g dosage group (acute group 1), 253.1 +/- 63.2 micrograms/ml in acute phase patients in 2 g dosage group (acute group 2), and 197.9 +/- 15.7 micrograms/ml in chronic phase patients in 2 g dosage group (chronic group 2) at 1 hour after CPZ administration. Concentrations of CPZ varied about 5-fold between the 1 g dosage group and the 2 g dosage groups. The acute group 2 showed generally higher values of CPZ concentrations than the chronic group 2. 2. Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations. Peak values were 0.96 +/- 0.30 microgram/ml (at 3 hours) in acute group 1, 4.55 +/- 3.41 micrograms/ml (at 1 hour, except 1 case) in acute group 2, and 1.29 +/- 1.28 micrograms/ml (at 1 hour) in chronic group 2. Acute group 2 showed generally higher values than chronic group 2. 3. CPZ was considered useful for the prevention of postoperative infections in the field of brain surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Hemodynamic characteristics of conscious deoxycorticosterone acetate hypertensive rats.

An electromagnetic flow probe was chronically implanted around the common carotid, superior mesenteric, or renal artery or the terminal aorta in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) hypertensive rats (prepared with DOCA and saline after uninephrectomy) and uninephrectomized control rats. A catheter for pressure measurement was inserted into the terminal aorta through a femoral artery. At rest the carotid and hindquarter (measured at the terminal aorta) blood flows in DOCA hypertensive rats were similar to the respective, corresponding values in normal rats with intact bilateral kidneys. The group mean of superior mesenteric flow was about 70% and that of renal flow about 40% larger than in normal rats. Cardiac output was estimated to be greater in DOCA hypertensive rats than in normal rats. In uninephrectomized control rats, superior mesenteric flow was larger than in normal rats to such an extent that an increase in cardiac output was assumed as in DOCA hypertensive rats, but renal flow was normal (about twice the unilateral renal flow in normal rats). Estimation of regional sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone from the decrease in peripheral resistance with hexamethonium and vasopressin antagonist revealed a substantial tone also in the superior mesenteric and hindquarter areas, where the tone was estimated to be almost absent in normal rats and uninephrectomized rats. It is suggested that hypertension in DOCA hypertensive rats is sustained by an increase in cardiac output and an elevation of vasoconstrictor tone in resistance vessels. Since increase in cardiac output appears to be similarly present in uninephrectomized control rats, the elevation of sympathetic tone due to administration of DOCA and salt seems to be indispensable for DOCA hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Prophylactic effects of cefmenoxime against postoperative infections after thoracotomy. Studies of cefmenoxime transfer from serum to pleural fluid and of clinical effects of cefmenoxime].

Cefmenoxime (CMX) at a dose of 1 g was administered intravenously to each of 10 patients undergoing thoracotomy, and concentrations of CMX in the serum and pleural fluid were measured. Serum concentration of CMX reached its peak of 43.71 micrograms/ml at 1 hour and decreased to 4.15 micrograms/ml at 3 hours after the administration. The concentration of CMX in the pleural fluid reached its peak of 7.61 micrograms/ml at 3 hours and decreased slowly 5.26 micrograms/ml at 7 hours after the administration. A clinical study with 21 patients was performed to evaluate the effect of CMX as a prophylactic antimicrobial agent in thoracotomy. Patients received intravenous administration of 4 g/day of CMX for 7-10 days following operations. Each patient was evaluated daily for fever, sign of allergic reaction, and wound infection and other symptoms. No apparent infection occurred in those clinical patients except 1 patient with a suspected infection, and 1 case of allergic reaction as exanthema was observed during this study. Prophylactic effect of CMX against postoperative infection after thoracotomy was good.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Analysis of mitral inflow velocity pattern in relation to left ventricular end-diastolic pressure].

The relationship between mitral inflow velocity patterns and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) was evaluated using pulsed Doppler echocardiography in 34 cases of heart disease, without significant valvular regurgitation. Flow patterns in 19 of the 34 cases were also examined before and after the elevation of LVEDP by methoxamine infusion, 0.01 mg/kg/min. The ratio of the peak velocities in the atrial contraction phase to that in the rapid filling phase (A/R) and the ratio of mean acceleration rates to peak velocities in the rapid filling phase (ACR/R) were determined from the mitral flow patterns obtained by the apical approach. 1. ACR/R correlated significantly with LVEDP (r = 0.49), but A/R did not. LVEDP in six cases with normal A/R (0.5 to 1.0) was 8.3 +/- 2.9 mmHg (mean +/- SD). Among 19 cases with A/R of 1.0 or more and ACR/R less than 13 sec-1, LVEDP showed 10.2 +/- 3.8 mmHg. In eight cases with A/R of 1.0 or more and ACR/R of 13 sec-1 or more, LVEDP was 17.9 +/- 6.2 mmHg. The average value of LVEDP in two cases with A/R less than 0.5 was 18.5 mmHg. 2. When the LVEDP was elevated after methoxamine infusion, A/R within normal range increased in five of six cases and decreased in the remaining case. A/R more than 1.0 decreased in 10 of 11 cases and ACR/R tended to increase with increasing LVEDP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗