II. Regional distribution in the brain of amines associated with Parkinson's disease.
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Amines↗
Biomedical subjects
H Shintani
Publications and source records attributed to H Shintani.
Reduction of aflatoxins by Korean soybean paste and its effect on cytotoxicity and reproductive toxicity--part 1. Inhibition of growth and aflatoxin production of Aspergillus parasiticus by Korean soybean paste (Doen-jang) and identification of the active component.
The inhibitory effect of methanol extract of Korean soybean paste on the mold growth and aflatoxin production of a toxigenic strain of Aspergillus parasiticus ATCC 15517 was studied using different concentrations of the extract in yeast-extract sucrose broth. While inhibition in mold growth due to increasing the concentration of the extract was observed, the more remarkable effect was the inhibition of aflatoxin production. Reduction of mycelial weight as a result of addition of the extract was observed to range between 1.5 to 12.9% while reduction of aflatoxin production quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography ranged from 14.3 to 41.7%. Five percent of the extract significantly reduced aflatoxin production at the end of the incubation period (P < 0.05), although the effect on mycelial growth was less pronounced. This study indicates that soybean paste could also be an effective inhibitor of aflatoxin production even though mycelial growth may be permitted. The main active component identified by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy was linoleic acid.
Aflatoxins↗
Regional distribution of parkinsonism-preventing endogenous tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives and an endogenous parkinsonism-preventing substance-synthesizing enzyme in monkey brain.
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline (TIQ) and 1-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1BnTIQ), which exist in the brain of several mammalian species, are parkinsonism-inducing substances, and 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1MeTIQ), which is enzymatically synthesized in rat brain, is a parkinsonism-preventing substance. In this study, we examined the regional distribution of contents of TIQ, 1MeTIQ, and 1BnTIQ, and activity of 1MeTIQ-synthesizing enzyme in monkey brain. The TIQ and 1BnTIQ contents in cerebrum and substantia nigra, and the 1MeTIQ contents in striatum and substantia nigra were higher than those in other brain regions, and 1MeTIQ-synthetic activity was high in cerebrum and thalamus. We speculate that 1MeTIQ-synthesizing enzyme may play an important role in idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
Animals↗
Silver and thallium(I) complexation with dibenzo-16-crown-4.
Dibenzo-16-crown-4 (1) indicates high silver and thallium(I) ion selectivity over sodium, potassium, and rubidium ion evaluated from the solvent extraction of metal picrates, while its cation-binding ability is lower than those of dibenzo-18-crown-6 (2) and dibenzo-22-crown-6 (3). Taking account of the highest thallium(I) ion selectivity for 1 obtained from extraction experiments, PVC membrane thallium(I)-selective electrodes based on 1 are prepared. The electrode shows the best potentiometric selectivity coefficients for thallium(I) over potassium and rubidium than those of 2 and 3, and commercially available bis(crown ether)s (4).
Crown Ethers↗
Effect of tannic acid solution on collagen structures for dental restoration.
This study examined the effect of tannic acid solution on dissolution of dentine collagen and morphological aspects of tendon collagen. Using root dentine, which was cut off from bovine anterior tooth, dentine powders were obtained by the pulverization and lyophilization. They were subject to an application of 1, 3, 5 or 10% tannic acid (TA) solution for 1, 3, 6, 12 or 24 h. TA-treated dentine powders were treated with 40% phosphoric acid (PA) for 30 s at 20 degrees C and additionally with trypsin. Released hydroxyproline in Woessner's assay after a hydrolysis in 6 N HCl at 110 degrees C for 20 h was assumed to be dissolved dentine collagen. Released hydroxyproline in a control sample without acid treatment decreased from 100 to about 60% with increased TA concentration of 1 to 10%, and decreased with increased incubation times of 1 to 24 h when applied by 5% TA solution. Scanning electron microscopy results established the morphological effect of their surface characteristics due to such treatments as 40% PA for 30 s and 5% TA for 6 h, or 40% PA after 5% TA treatment, yielding collagen structures protected by TA to attack from phosphoric acid.
Journal Article↗
Effect of filler content and size to properties of composite resins on microwave curing.
The effect of filler content and size to property of composite resin using high purity spherical silica particles on microwave curing was examined by mechanical means and electron microscope observation to develop microwave-curing composite resin inlay. Increasing filler content in three kinds of filler particles (0.45, 0.96 and 1.46 microm) resulted in increasing compressive strength, diametral tensile strength and knoop hardness and indicated the highest values at the operative mixing limit. The effect of particle size was that the mechanical property of the 0.96 microm filled resin was highest, followed by 1.46 microm and 0.45 microm on the same filler content. The 0.96 microm filled resin had about the same knoop hardness on both surfaces of the cured sample, which means that uniform polymerization occurred in the cured sample. With electron microscope observation, the bubbles of about 1.0 microm and the cracks between the fillers and the matrix were observed in each cured resin. This is caused by the excessive absorption of microwave energy in fillers and surface treatment materials of fillers. Therefore, improvement of the composition of filler and surface treatment material of filler are needed, which makes it harder to absorb the microwave energy.
Journal Article↗
Influence of polymerization initiator for base monomer on microwave curing of composite resin inlays.
Microwave polymerization was used to make composite resin inlays and the effect examined of the concentration of polymerization initiator for the base monomer. The monomers used were 2,2-bis [4-(3-methacriloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl] propane (Bis-GMA) and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA). Bis-GMA and TEGDMA were mixed in a ratio of 6:4 by weight and were separated into five groups. To each group was added benzoyl peroxide (BPO) in the ratios of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 wt% as the polymerization initiator. These were used as the base monomers. The results showed that the degree of conversion of the cured sample increased with increasing concentration of BPO from 0.1 to 0.5 wt%, however there was no significant difference at 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 wt% (P> 0.01). Compression strength, diametral tensile strength and the Knoop hardness showed a similar tendency as the degree of conversion. No significant difference was recorded in the Knoop hardness between the top and the bottom surfaces (P> 0.01), which suggested a uniform polymerization in the cured sample. Thus, microwave polymerization would be an efficacious method for making resin inlays with the addition of BPO to the base monomer (Bis-GMA:TEGDMA, 6:4). The maximum conversion was found at a concentration of 0.5 wt%.
Benzoyl Peroxide↗
Differential uptake of TI-201 by small-cell lung cancer in a patient with pneumoconiosis-related pulmonary nodules.
A 68-year-old man with pneumoconiosis was thought to have small-cell lung cancer based on the results of a biopsy of a bone tumor. Three pulmonary nodules were observed on a chest radiograph. Compared with a chest radiograph taken 4 months earlier, one of the nodules had grown. It was difficult to differentiate this nodule from pneumoconiosis-related benign pulmonary nodules from the appearance on the chest radiograph and CT. Ga-67 scintigraphy and TI-201 lung SPECT were performed to characterize these nodules. TI-201 SPECT showed differential high uptake in the enlarged nodule, whereas Ga-67 scintigraphy showed equally intense uptake in all these nodules. Transbronchial biopsy of the nodule that showed high TI-201 uptake revealed cancer cell nests against a background of interstitial fibrosis. The pathologic diagnosis was small-cell lung cancer that had developed in lung scar tissue. This case suggests the utility of TI-201 in scintigraphic assessments of pneumoconiosis-related pulmonary nodules when lung cancer is suspected.
Aged↗
Analysis of compounds containing carboxyl groups in biological fluids by capillary electrophoresis.
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is one of the suitable separation techniques used to analyze drugs or metabolites in complicated sample matrices such as plasma, serum and urine. It sometimes requires only a simple process of sample pretreatment, deproteinization, dilution or extraction for biological fluids, otherwise no pretreatment is necessary. Various metabolic disorders concerning the compounds which possess carboxyl groups such as organic acids have been monitored by CE. Drug metabolism in the body can be monitored by the same technique. Recent publications suggest the feasibility of an automated system for diagnosis based on CE technique.
Animals↗
Expression of membrane-bound transferrin-like protein p97 on the cell surface of chondrocytes.
A concanavalin-A-binding protein of 76 kDa was purified from the plasma membrane fraction of rabbit chondrocyte cultures. Amino acid sequencing of the N-terminal region and of tryptic peptides of the protein, in addition to sequencing of its cDNA revealed that this protein is highly similar to the tumour-associated antigen p97. Hence, it was concluded that this protein is the rabbit form of p97. Western blotting, Northern blotting and reverse-transcription PCR analyses indicated that rabbit p97 is expressed at high levels in cartilage and chondrocytes, but is barely detectable in the bone, liver, kidney, small intestine, eye, pancreas, heart, testis, skeletal muscle, spleen and fibroblasts. Immunocytochemical and immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that p97 is expressed in the plasma membrane of chondrocytes. p97 transcript was detected in all zones of the cartilage but the level was relatively low in the hypertrophic zone. These findings suggest that p97 is involved in maintaining the cell surface characteristics of chondrocytes.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Adherent bacteria cells in five dental materials: sonication effect.
Adherent bacterial cells on the surfaces of two dental porcelain ceramics, three composite resins and human enamel were examined using four types of bacteria strains. Their adherent cells were counted on saliva-coated and uncoated material surfaces after sonication, and contact angle and zeta potential were measured for each adherent cell tested. A correlation between contact angle and bacterial cells on an uncoated surface was found to be higher in two Streptococcus sanguis cells than in S. mutans Ingbritt and S. sobrinus OMZ 176, whereas there appeared to be a higher correlation between S. mutans Ingbritt or S. sobrinus OMZ 176 and zeta potential on the uncoated surface. On the saliva-coated surface, a significantly high correlation was found between the adherent cells, with the exception of S. sanguis ATCC 10 557, and the zeta potential. Contact angle and zeta potential values were small when the surfaces of the materials were coated with saliva, as compared with those on the uncoated surface. The sonication condition (120 s) of adherent cells on the surface of the material significantly depended on the types of bacteria cells, showing that S. mutans Ingbritt (>50-60%) had a greater removal percentage than the others (<50%).
Journal Article↗
Dental application of polyfunctional urethane comonomers to composite resin veneering materials.
Urethane monomer/diluent monomer mixtures were used in dental composite resin veneering materials filled with various ratios of powder (filler)/liquid (comonomer), P/L. Hardness values of unfilled resins containing benzoyl peroxide only (BP0; 0.5 wt%), and filled resins (included trimethylol propane trimethacrylate (TMPT) composite filler) were tested. Significant increases in hardness were obtained with the use of TMPT composite filler in the resins. Also, their modulus values measured by bend test showed an increasing trend, compared to a commercial composite resin veneering material (a control sample; CONT) with a lower filler content (50 wt%). The DME-DPMDC/HPDM comonomer (dimethacryloxyethyl diphenylmethane-4,4'-dicarbamate/hydroxypropyl dimethacrylate), which showed a smaller fraction of surface porosity, gave greater mechanical strength values at P/L ratios of 0.55 (17.8 wt% filler content) to 1.20 (27.3 wt%) than a CONT resin. The coefficient of thermal expansion was smaller in urethane-based filling materials than a CONT resin. Also, greater activation energy of thermal decomposition was observed in the resin samples with P/L ratio 0.75 to 1.20 than in a CONT resin. Thermally-induced decomposition occurred with smaller weight loss in the experimental filled resins than in a CONT resin.
Journal Article↗
Semicircular suture annuloplasty for mitral regurgitation: appraisal of the Paneth-Burr method.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS OF THE STUDY: Mitral annuloplasty has long been considered as the basic procedure for mitral regurgitation (MR). However, it is increasingly advisable to avoid foreign material and to use a method that provides greater adjustment for control of annular size. In this study, the semicircular suture annuloplasty (Paneth-Burr method) was evaluated for its efficacy and durability; the optimum size of the mitral annulus was also assessed. METHODS: The Paneth-Burr method was modified using Gore-Tex suture, a crossing suture technique, and obturator for temporary annulus size adjustment. Between 1992 and 1994, 21 patients with an average age of 45 years (range: 8 months to 67 years) underwent such annuloplasty combined with various valvuloplasties and chordal reconstruction. The etiologies were degenerative in 11 patients, congenital in five, ischemic in three and endocarditis in two. RESULTS: Mean MR grades (0-4) decreased from 3.3 +/- 0.6 to 0.2 +/- 0.4 after surgery. At an average 24 months follow up (range: 12 to 41 months), 16 patients showed no increase in MR, but five showed increased MR grades (all grade 3 or less: three grade 3 and two grade 2). Only one patient with ischemic MR required reoperation. Patients with increased MR grade during follow up had a larger intraoperative annular size (> 90% of normal), while those with < 90% of normal mitral annular size showed no increase in MR beyond grade 2, except one with ischemic etiology. CONCLUSIONS: A measured semicircular suture annuloplasty appears to be useful for MR, with acceptable efficacy and durability. In addition, the annular size to be adjusted at surgery is proposed to be < or = 90% of normal mitral annular diameter.
Adolescent↗
Emergency cardiopulmonary bypass support in patients with severe cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction.
A total of 16 patients who developed severe cardiogenic shock were resuscitated with a percutaneous cardiopulmonary support system (PCPS). The etiology of shock was acute myocardial infarction (n = 7), or post-infarction left-ventricular (LV) free wall rupture (n = 9). After successful resuscitation with the PCPS, 15 patients underwent therapeutic interventions: closure of an LV rupture (n = 9), coronary artery bypass grafting (n = 4), percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (n = 1), and percutaneous transluminal coronary recanalization (n = 1). Of the 16 patients, 14 were weaned from PCPS or standard cardiopulmonary bypass. Six patients survived longer than 30 days, 3 (19 percent) of whom were discharged from the hospital. The long-term survival rate in the 6 patients who underwent coronary revascularization was 33 percent (2/6). Of the 9 patients with LV free wall rupture, 1 was discharged from the hospital. Even though it cannot be concluded, from this small number of patients, that cardiopulmonary resuscitation using PCPS improves survival, it appears that PCPS is a powerful resuscitative modality for seriously ill patients with acute myocardial infarction or LV rupture.
Aged↗
Successful repair of postinfarction left ventricular free wall rupture: new strategy with hypothermic percutaneous cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Aged↗
Comparison of solid-phase extraction and dialysis on pretreatment efficiency of blood urea analysis.
Although the analysis of urea in blood using high-performance liquid chromatography has been reported, its automated solid-phase extraction (SPE) has not been reported. In addition to these two methods, dialysis may also be used to pretreat blood samples. The separation efficiency of automated SPE is discussed and compared with automated dialysis using a condensing column. The results indicate that automated SPE and dialysis have an almost identical separation efficiency for urea analysis. However, the dialysis technique is not as efficient for the removal of admixtures eluted after urea.
Blood Urea Nitrogen↗
[Emergency percutaneous cardiopulmonary support for patients with cardiac arrest or severe cardiogenic shock].
A total of 20 patients who developed cardiac arrest or severe cardiogenic shock were resuscitated with percutaneous cardiopulmonary support system (PCPS). The etiology of shock was acute myocardial infarction (n = 8), post-infarction left ventricular (LV) free wall rupture (n = 9) and others (n = 3). After successful resuscitation with PCPS, 17 patients underwent therapeutic interventions: either closure of an LV rupture (n = 9), coronary artery bypass grafting (n = 4), percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (n = 1) and percutaneous transluminal coronary recanalization (n = 1). Of the 20 patients, 17 were weaned from PCPS or standard cardiopulmonary bypass. Nine patients survived longer than 30 days and 6 patients were discharged from the hospital. In nine patients with LV free wall rupture, one could be discharged from the hospital. Even though our experience is still small in number, it can be concluded that cardiopulmonary resuscitation using PCPS improves survival in fatally ill patients.
Adolescent↗
Studies on dental high-speed cutting.
The primary author, an experienced dentist, cut bovine enamel and dentine horizontally and vertically with diamond points driven by an air-turbine, while the rotational cutting speeds and applied loads were simultaneously monitored. Three cutting techniques employed here were successive cutting with moderate force (S-m); intermittent cutting with moderate force (I-m); and intermittent cutting with a smaller force (I-s). It was found that the cut contact time of S-m, I-m and I-s cuts were about 10s, 0.4s and 0.25 s, respectively. The maximum applied load during cutting varied, depending upon the cutting direction and the cutting technique. Vertical S-m cut of enamel resulted in the largest applied load of around 105 g, while horizontal I-s cut of dentine brought about the minimum (approximately 35 g). Cutting volumes of dentine tended to exceed those of enamel. It was confirmed that the I-m cut produced larger cutting effectiveness of diamond points on both enamel and dentine compared with the S-m cut.
Animals↗