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Biomedical subjects

H Sick

Publications and source records attributed to H Sick.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Microvascularization of the female urethra in fetuses, neonates and infants.

The microvascularization of the female urethra was studied in fetuses, neonates and infants by injection of agarized China ink into the circulation. The purpose of this study was to specify the angioarchitecture of each tunic and their specific drainage. The disposition of the microvascularization of the urethra is superimposed on the orientation of the fibers of the muscular tunic. The orientation of the veins of the sub-mucous tunic is longitudinal and not plexiform.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2002

Microvascularization of the mucocutaneous junction of the eyelid in fetuses and neonates.

The aim of this study was to specify the microvascularization of the junctional region between the integuments of the superficial surface of the free margin of the eyelid and the palpebral conjunctival mucosa. The study was carried out using histological or transparified slices of upper and lower eyelids taken from fetuses and neonates, in which the vascular system was injected with agarized China ink. The mucocutaneous junction of the eyelid is located at the posterior border of the free margin and extends to its deep surface. It has vascular similarities to the oral cavity and the nasal pyramid. Under a thickened avascular epithelium, there is a papillary network composed of characteristic loops that are less raised than in the lips but more developed than in the nose. The superficial and deep vascular reticular networks are comparable in fundamental arrangement to those of other junctional zones. Thus, the palpebral mucocutaneous junction shows cutaneous-type microvascularization, just like the other junctional zones of the head.

Cadaver↗
PubMed2002

Microvascularization of the mucocutaneous junction of the nose.

The aim of this study was to describe the microvascularization of the area of junction located between the integuments of the nasal ala and the respiratory mucosa. This study is part of an overall study on the microvascularization of the mucocutaneous junctions of the head. It was undertaken on histological or clarified sections of noses from fetuses, newborns and adults whose vascular system was injected with Indian ink agar. The mucocutaneous junction of the nose shows similarities with the mucocutaneous junction of the oral cavity. Under a well-defined avascular and thick epithelium lies a vascular papillary network with typical loops less high than in the lips. The angioarchitectonics of superficial and deep vascular reticular networks is similar to that of the lips but they are less dense.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Microvascularization of the mucocutaneous junctions of the head in fetuses and neonates.

The mucocutaneous junctions of the head (oral, nasal and palpebral) are transitional zones between the integuments and the mucosa. Their microvascularization is studied in the heads of fetuses and neonates by injection of agarized China ink into the vascular system. These zones are situated deep with respect to the free edge of the oral or nasal cavity or relative to the free margin of the eyelid. They present cutaneous-type microvascularization with a papillary network and reticular networks. Long capillary loops connected to the deep reticular network are their main feature. In the lips and eyelids, the morphology of the networks and their relationship with the orbicular muscles are suggestive of a functional structure.

Body Patterning↗
PubMed2002

[Computed tomographic analysis of humeral retrotorsion and glenoid retroversion].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Analysis of the anatomic relations of the humeral head and the glenoid cavity is particularly important for clinical study of shoulder arthroplasty and glenohumeral instability. Analysis of humeral retroversion and glenoid retroversion is quite difficult and data in the literature are scarse. We conducted a computed tomography (CT) analysis of stable shoulders to detail retroversion of the entire height of the glenoid cavity and to measure humeral retrotorsion using two comparative methods. We also compared glenoid retroversion and humeral retrotorsion observed in individual subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective study used a standardized CT analysis method. Both shoulders of 30 persons free of glenohumeral instability were studied. Two methods, described by Dähnert and Bernageau, were used to analyze humeral retrotorsion. The Benageau method was used to analyze glenoid retroversion. RESULTS: According to the Dähnert method, humeral retrotorsion was 10 degrees +/- 13 degrees; it was 24 degrees +/- 13 degrees with the Bernageau method; data dispersion was 60 degrees and 65 degrees respectively. According to the Dähnert method, retrotorsion was more pronounced on the dominant side compared with the non-dominant side. There was a significant correlation between retrotorsion values for the two sides. For 95% of the shoulders, glenoid retorversion decreased progressively from the superior part of the glenoid cavity (12.8 degrees +/- 6.4 degrees ) to the lower part (3.1 degrees +/- 4.4 degrees ). Glenoid retroversion was greater on the dominant side. For 21 of the 30 persons (70%), there was a significant correlation between retroversion for the two sides. Correlation coefficients between glenoid retroversion and humeral retrotorsion were negative. Greater humeral retrotorsion was thus related with less pronounced glenoid retroversion and vice versa. DISCUSSION: This study allowed quantification of glenoid retroversion and humeral retrotorsion. There is a spiral twist in the joint surface of the glenoid cavity with progressive decrease in glenoid retorversion from the upper to the lower part of the cavity for 95% of the shoulders. To our knowledge, this spiral twist in the glenoid cavity is not taken into consideration in any of the currently available implants. The correlation for both parameters between the right and left side is probably determined genetically. The influence of dominance could be explained by adaptation to more or less pronounced stress. The negative correlation between humeral retrotorsion and glenoid retroversion would improve glenohumeral stability. A comparative study with unstable shoulders would be required to verify this hypothesis. The validity of the Dähnert method for assessing humeral retorversion is, in our opinion, insufficiently established. The Bernageau method, which provides a direct measurement, appears to be preferable despite the difficulty in identifying anatomic landmarks.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed2001

[Does subcutaneous cellular tissue exist?].

BACKGROUND: The definition of the "subcutaneous cellular tissue" is still debated. METHODS: In order to establish the localisation and composition of this tissue, or, merely its existence, we interviewed French dermatologists and conducted a bibliographic study on the historical definitions of the so-called "subcutaneous cellular tissue". A questionnaire was sent to French professors of dermatology to assess their definition of the "subcutaneous cellular tissue". They were also asked to make a simple cartoon showing the anatomy of the skin and "subcutaneous cellular tissue". RESULTS: We obtained 37 answers which could be classified in three main categories: 1) "subcutaneous cellular tissue" and hypodermis are synonymous, 2) "subcutaneous cellular tissue" is an autonomous tissue which separates the hypodermis from the tissues below and 3) "subcutaneous cellular tissue" designates all structures located below the hypodermis. In an historic perspective, the "cellular system" was a macroscopic concept described in the eighteenth century as whitish fibrils delimitating "cells". It was renamed loose connective tissue in the twentieth century and thus "cellular" became obsolete. The definition of skin, and of "subcutaneous cellular tissue" in particular, has greatly changed over time. In the eighteenth century, only epidermis and dermis were considered as belonging to the skin, although some included the tela subcutanea. In the twentieth century, the "subcutaneous cellular tissue" is considered either as a part of the hypodermis, or as the hypodermis itself or as a tissue located between the hypodermis and the fascia. DISCUSSION: The difficulty in defining "subcutaneous cellular tissue" is the result of a French semantic problem. The "cellular tissue" became loose connective tissue. For French dermatologists, the skin is composed of epidermis, dermis and hypodermis and the hypodermis can therefore not be subcutaneous. In order to check whether an autonomous tissue could be evidenced under the skin, we conducted an histologic study, which is presented in a second article.

Connective Tissue↗
PubMed2001

[Cellular subcutaneous tissue. Anatomic observations].

INTRODUCTION: We showed in a companion paper that the definition of the French "subcutaneous cellular tissue" considerably varied from the 18th to the end of the 20th centuries and has not yet reached a consensus. To address the anatomic reality of this "subcutaneous cellular tissue", we investigated the anatomic structures underlying the fat tissue in normal human skin. METHODS: Sixty specimens were excised from the surface to the deep structures (bone, muscle, cartilage) on different body sites of 3 cadavers from the Institut d'Anatomie Normale de Strasbourg. Samples were paraffin-embedded, stained and analysed with a binocular microscope taking x 1 photographs. Specimens were also excised and fixed after subcutaneous injection of Indian ink, after mechanic tissue splitting and after performing artificial skin folds. RESULTS: The aspects of the deep parts of the skin greatly varied according to their anatomic localisation. Below the adipose tissue, we often found a lamellar fibrous layer which extended from the interlobular septa and contained horizontally distributed fat cells. No specific tissue below the hypodermis was observed. Artificial skin folds concerned either exclusively the dermis, when they were superficial or included the hypodermis, but no specific structure was apparent in the center of the fold. India ink diffused to the adipose tissue, mainly along the septa, but did not localise in a specific subcutaneous compartment. DISCUSSION: This study shows that the histologic aspects of the deep part of the skin depend mainly on the anatomic localisation. Skin is composed of epidermis, dermis and hypodermis and thus the hypodermis can not be considered as being "subcutaneous". A difficult to individualise, fibrous lamellar structure in continuity with the interlobular septa is often found under the fat lobules. This structure is a cleavage line, as is always the case with loose connective tissues, but belongs to the hypodermis (i.e. fat tissue). No specific tissue nor any virtual space was observed below the skin. Thus, the commonly used term "subcutaneous cellular tissue" is inappropriate.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2000

Microvascularisation of lips in ageing edentulous subjects.

Macroscopic changes of the lips in the edentulous elderly subject are accompanied by variations in their microvascularisation. This study was undertaken on histological or clarified sections from totally edentulous subjects whose vascular system was injected with Indian ink agar. A reduction in density and size of the superficial (papillary or mucosal) and deep (reticular or submucosal) networks is observed with age. These changes are to be seen in relation to imaging and to the reduction in occlusal potential of the lips.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Microvascularisation of the raphe buccalis in edentulous subjects, fetus, new-born and adult.

The aim of this study is to describe the microvascularisation of the raphe buccalis located at the inner surface of the cheek. The raphe buccalis is the zone where the maxillary and mandibulary prominences fuse in the embryo during the second month of life. This study was conducted using heads from edentulous subjects, fetuses, newborns and adults, injected with Indian ink in agar, then dissected or sectioned in the three basic planes. The vascular networks of the raphe buccalis are as followed: a deep reticular network, a superficial reticular network and a papillary network. The microvascularisation of the raphe buccalis classifies it as a continuation of the commissure of the mouth and of the mucosa of the cheek.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Microvascularisation of the lips in the fetus and neonate.

The differences observed in the microvascularisation of the lips in the perinatal period correspond to the differences in the histological structures of the cutaneous, glabra, intermediate cutaneous, villous, intermediate mucosal and mucosal parts. A basic pattern is found in each part: on the surface, a papillary or mucosal network, at a deeper level, reticular or submucosal networks and their pedicles. The vascular changes correspond to the transition of tissue (mucocutaneous junction) and are indicative of the functional aspect. The same histological and microcirculatory structures were found in all the preparations, irrespective of the subject's age. Knowledge of the microvascularisation makes it possible to interpret magnetic resonance imaging of the lip better and finds its application in the surgery of the lips.

Fetus↗
PubMed1999

Ex vivo high resolution MR imaging of the human lip with a dedicated low field system.

Histological correlations of the human lip with corresponding magnetic resonance (MR) images obtained ex vivo are presented. MR images were acquired with a dedicated low-field (0.1 T) MR system, with a resolution of 100 x 100 micron2 and a slice thickness of 1 mm using 3D-FLASH sequences. The outermost tissues visible on images are of high signal intensity, while the innermost connective tissues are of low signal intensity, both for skin and oral mucosa. It is possible to use a low-field system to obtain high resolution images of small biological samples.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1997

Amino acid utilization and isotope discrimination of amino nitrogen in nitrogen metabolism of rat liver in vivo.

Urea and plasma protein differ in natural 15N abundance up to 10%. The origin of this difference is the branched nitrogen metabolism in the liver. One main branch is the protein synthesis pathway, the other the urea synthesis pathway. By this branching 15N of precursor amino acids is depleted in urea while it is enriched in protein. With the 15N abundance of precursor amino acids, which may be taken from jejunum tissue, utilization of amino acids in liver metabolism can be calculated from isotope discrimination in either pathway. This was investigated by feeding different proteins to rats. When feeding high quality protein (whey protein) utilization of amino acids in liver metabolism at requirement intake was better than at zero protein intake (> 85% vs. 70%). From this we conclude that the pattern of amino acids available from the metabolic pool at zero protein intake is characterized by an imbalance. This endogenous imbalance can be complemented by exogenous dietary amino acids so that nitrogen excretion may even be smaller than the so-called "obligatory" losses of intakes not exceeding requirement. Thus, the quality of dietary protein is reflected not only by N balance. It also may be quantified by analysis of isotope discrimination in nitrogen metabolism of the liver. In addition, the quality of amino acid pattern available from the metabolic pool is indicated by this method.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1996

Allergy to the heat-labile proteins alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin in mare's milk.

BACKGROUND: Allergy to mare's milk is rare. Recently, however, mare's milk has been recommended for treatment of various ailments by practitioners of "alternative medicine," and it is available in health food stores. OBJECTIVE: We report a case of allergic reaction to mare's milk in a 51-year-old woman who was able to tolerate cow's milk. METHODS: The protein composition of mare's milk was determined by methods based on measurement of nitrogen content. The patient underwent prick and intracutaneous tests with commercially available bovine milk proteins and several mare's milk preparations, including mare's milk granulate and boiled mare's milk. RAST and immunoblotting were also performed. RESULTS: Results of skin testing and RAST with cow's milk were negative but demonstrated an IgE-mediated allergy to mare's milk. Immunoblotting revealed two allergen bands with molecular weights of 16 and 18 kd, most likely representing the whey proteins alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin. The bands disappeared after the mare's milk was boiled, indicating that the proteins are heat-labile. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate the existence of an IgE-mediated mare's milk allergy caused by low molecular weight heat-labile proteins, most likely alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin, which do not cross-react with the corresponding whey proteins in cow's milk.

Allergens↗
PubMed1996

The lunula: a magnetic resonance imagining approach to the subnail matrix area.

High-resolution sagittal magnetic resonance images depict an oval area in the dermis beneath the nail matrix that gives a particular signal. This study defines the magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of this area and examines its correlation with the lunula. A high-resolution surface gradient coil specially designed for skin imagining was used on a 1.5 T magnetic resonance unit. The subnail matrix (SNM) areas of 12 subjects had a significantly longer T2 relaxation time and a higher enhancement ratio after injection of gadolinium than did the nail bed dermis. The length of the SNM area distal to the free edge of the proximal nail fold was highly correlated with the length of the lunula (R = 0.98) in 30 fingers and 10 toes. The total length of the SNM area was somewhat correlated with the nail thickness (R = 0.86) in 30 fingers. The histology and microvascularization of the subungual tissue in 21 fingers showed that this SNM area had specific features: The area was composed of loose connective tissue without bundles, and the reticular and subdermal vascular networks had large regular meshes in this oval area. The lunula is shown to be linked to a well-defined area in the underlying dermis with a specific histology and microvascularization.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Vascular networks of the periphery of the fingernail.

The vascular networks of the periphery of the fingernail have been studied on fingers of adults, foetuses and neonates, by injecting the vascular system with gelatinous Indian ink. The nail is an avascular structure, partially covered by the nail wall. It is lying on the nail bed which is prolonged forwards with the hyponychium. Each part of the nail apparatus presents a characteristic vascular network derived from dorsal collaterals arising from the palmar digital vessels and from their arcades. These networks are papillary, pseudopapillary, reticular and subdermal. Their morphology and density vary according to their localization and correspond with histological variations of the different parts of the nail apparatus. Thus, the germinal part of the nail bed shows poor vascularization. It is responsible for the colour of the lunula. The sterile part and the hyponychium have dense vascular networks with glomus bodies.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Exogenous and endogenous nitrogen flow rates and level of protein hydrolysis in the human jejunum after [15N]milk and [15N]yoghurt ingestion.

Milk and yoghurt proteins were 15N-labelled in order to measure the flow rate of exogenous N during digestion in the human intestine. After fasting overnight, sixteen healthy volunteers, each with a naso-jejunal tube, ingested either [15N]milk (n 7) or [15N]yoghurt (n 9). Jejunal samples were collected every 20 min for 4 h. A significant stimulation of endogenous N secretion was observed during the 20-60 min period after yoghurt ingestion and the 20-40 min period after milk ingestion. The endogenous N flows over a 4 h period did not differ between the groups (44.3(SEM 6.5) mmol for milk and 63.5(SEM 5.9) mmol for yoghurt). The flow rates of exogenous N indicated a delayed gastric emptying of the yoghurt N compared with N from milk. The jejunal non-protein N (NPN) flow rate increased significantly after milk and yoghurt ingestion due to an increase in the exogenous NPN flow rate. The NPN fraction of exogenous N ranged between 40 and 80%. The net gastro-jejunal absorption of exogenous N did not differ significantly between milk (56.7(SEM 8.5)%) and yoghurt (50.9(SEM 7)%). The high level of exogenous N hydrolysis is in accordance with the good digestibility of milk products. Fermentation modifies only the gastric emptying rate of N and does not affect the level of diet hydrolysis, the endogenous N stimulation or the digestibility rate.

Adult↗