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Biomedical subjects

H Sommerkamp

Publications and source records attributed to H Sommerkamp.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Intravesical idarubicin--a phase-I study.

In the scope of a pharmacokinetic and dose-finding study 33 patients received instillations of idarubicin in 11 different doses 1 h before scheduled transurethral resection of bladder cancer. The dose was increased continuously from 5 to 30 mg and the concentration from 0.25-1.5 mg/ml. Idarubicin uptake into tissue was measured along with the serum level. The results showed a clear correlation of the tissue levels with dose and concentration. A significantly higher concentration of idarubicin was measured in the tumor in comparison with the mucosa. Absorption into the muscle was minimal and serum levels were low. Systemic toxicity was not observed, but there were signs of local toxicity in 50% of the subjects. Cytotoxic concentrations in the mucosa were reached at doses of over 15 mg and concentrations of over 0.5 mg/ml. A phase-II study is in preparation.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1991

[The combined radiation and hormonal therapy of prostatic carcinoma: a conceptual analysis].

The concept of a combination of radiotherapy and hormonal therapy for the treatment of locally advanced carcinoma of the prostate was evaluated in view of an improved success rate compared to radiotherapy alone. At present, however, radiotherapy still remains the central mode of therapy in the treatment of the local tumor. The time sequence in a combination with hormonal therapy is of importance. Antecedent hormonal treatment can reduce tumor size, thus improving local conditions for percutaneous--and especially interstitial--radiotherapy; it is indicated in patients with voiding problems. An improvement in survival rates has so far not been achieved, however, local tumor remission rates are better. With concomitant hormonal therapy, compared to radiotherapy alone, tumor progression rates are lower. It remains to be seen, whether these results can be improved by using newer pharmacological ways of androgen blockade. The application of androgen withdrawal as a secondary measure with local tumor persistence or progression after radiotherapy remains a palliative treatment of limited efficacy. Due to the heterogeneity of the available study reports and the concurrent lack of controlled, randomized trials, a conclusive evaluation of the concept of combined radio- and hormonal therapy of prostatic cancer is as yet not possible.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1990

Side-effects of extracorporeal piezoelectric shock wave lithotripsy (EPL).

In the Department of Urology, University of Freiburg, West Germany extracorporeal piezoelectric shock wave lithotripsy (EPL) has been used in the treatment of urinary and biliary stones since November 1987. The first 85 treatments (in 71 patients) for renal stones were evaluated with regard to complications and side effects. There was no need for any anesthesia. Urinary obstruction was observed in 12% of the cases. Aside from the urinary obstruction and urosepsis (2%) no serious complications were seen. Endourological auxiliary measures were applied in 32% (27% prophylactically). The temporary glomerular damage which appeared in some patients vanished within 6 days after treatment. Because of possible asymptomatic ureteral obstruction a close follow up by ultrasound is recommended. EPL was found to be a useful method of treatment for renal calculi with few side effects.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Intracavernous drug delivery system: an alternative to intracavernous injection in the treatment of impotence?

In 6 monkeys, the feasibility of chronic intracavernous drug application via a permanent intracavernous catheter was examined. In 4 monkeys, a combination of papaverine (15 mg/ml) and phentolamine (0.5 mg/ml) was injected via the drug delivery system; in 2 monkeys each, 30 or 100 injections were done. As a control, saline was injected in 2 monkeys. The dose of the papaverine-phentolamine mixture to induce full erection had to be increased by a mean of 240%, comparing the 1st to the 30th injection. The dose then remained stable. After 100 injections, penile histology showed a thin fibrotic layer around the implantation site of the catheter. Beside slight smooth muscle hypertrophy in the papaverine-phentolamine group, there were no abnormal findings in the proximal and medical part of the cavernous bodies. The distal part of the cavernous bodies showed extensive fibrosis due to mechanical irritation by the tip of the intracavernous catheter. Given appropriate selection and indication, implantation of an intracavernous drug delivery system may be an alternative to chronic intracavernous injection in the treatment of impotence.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Incidence of hemorrhage following suprapubic Cystofix puncture using a new trocar-cannula combination--a randomized, prospective comparative study].

In this study a new trocar-cannula-unit(10 French) is introduced, which was used in a prospective randomised comparative study in 74 patients for suprapubic bladder punction. Another 75 patients served as controls receiving a suprapubic punction with the standard Cystofix (French 10)-system. In the control-group 9 cases (12%) of macrohematuria occurred. On the other hand we found that the incidence of macrohematuria was reduced to 5 cases (6.8%), when using the new trocar-cannula-unit, which had been developed in our hospitals.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Intra-individual comparative study of dynamic and pharmacocavernography.

A series of 65 consecutive patients with suspected venous leakage as a cause of their erectile dysfunction underwent dynamic and pharmacocavernometry/cavernography. This comparison of methods for diagnosing venous leakage produced divergent findings in 25/65 patients (38.5%). Because of its theoretical advantages, pharmacocavernometry/cavernography is recommended for the diagnosis of venous leakage.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1989

[Limited therapy of prostatic cancer].

When considering treatment options for localized prostatic carcinoma without surgical excision of the tumor, the following aspects have to be considered: tumor stage, age of the patient, surgical risk and personal attitude of the patient towards the suggested treatment plan. The function of the prostate as an exocrine gland can not be conserved by any method aimed at cure. Predominant goal is the eradication of the tumor, and in metastatic disease delaying the tumor progression. Inadequate local tumor control is associated with a poor prognosis. Refined radiotherapeutic techniques are expected to improve local results. Radical surgery is not organ-conserving, but offers immediate information on the completeness of the tumor excision. In principle, the method which yields a higher success rate in tumor control disregarding aims at organ conservation should be preferred.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1989

Therapy and prognosis of carcinoma of the renal pelvis.

Forty-eight patients with carcinoma of the renal pelvis were treated between 1976 and 1986. 77% (n = 37) underwent nephrectomy; 4% (n = 2) open biopsy; 8% (n = 4) organ-preserving surgery, and 11% (n = 5) were treated conservatively. Major complications associated with the nephrectomies included: hemorrhage (11%); pulmonary embolism (5%); abscess (5%); ileus (5%), and pneumonia (5%). There was no postoperative mortality. Grade-III carcinoma, advanced tumor stage (T4N+M1), and generalized urothelial cancer worsened the prognosis. Such patients might benefit from adjuvant therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Seed loss in interstitial radiotherapy of prostatic carcinoma with I-125.

Incidence, extent, and time of seed loss after retropubic I-125 implantation was assessed in 52 patients treated for prostatic carcinoma. Radiographic controls up to 62 months were done to evaluate losses. Ninety percent of all patients lost seeds, averaging 8% of total implant number. Loss most frequently occurred within the first month by transurethral routes. Monitoring for seed loss is mandatory to assess dose deficit or inhomogeneous dose distribution, and to avoid environmental radiation hazards.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Determinants of local tumor control in interstitial radiotherapy of prostatic cancer].

Clinical followup of 52 patients treated with I-125 implants for localized prostatic cancer demonstrated local control in 85% and failure in 15%. Determining factors for local control or failure were analyzed and underline that homogeneous dose distribution is the most important factor for local control in interstitial radiotherapy. With the use of I-125 seeds this can only be achieved in small-volume (T2) stages with refined technique. For larger tumor volumes (T3) an external boost or the use of other radionuclides is preferable.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Leiomyoma of the bladder.

A case of leiomyoma of the bladder in a 37-year-old man is described. Clinical features and findings on excretory urography resembled a malignant tumor of the small pelvis. Ultrasound, computed tomography, and angiography nevertheless made the correct preoperative diagnosis. Special emphasis is given to the differentiation between benign and malignant smooth muscle neoplasms.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Pelvic lymphadenectomy and brachytherapy for prostatic cancer. Analysis of early postoperative morbidity.

Pelvic lymphadenectomy and interstitial radiotherapy of the prostate for early carcinoma is a procedure with a significant postoperative morbidity, depending on the extent of dissection, type of drainage, and use of heparin. Hematoma and lymphocele formation seem to be promoted by heparin. Limited lymph node dissection, appropriate drainage, and the abandonment of heparin for prophylaxis of thromboembolism can reduce the complications associated with pelvic lymphadenectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Urology].

Open renal surgery for calculous disease replaced by percutaneous and shock-wave methods. Oncology: Modified lymphadenectomy for testicular tumors and initial chemotherapy for stage III seminoma; potency preserving treatment of early prostatic cancer by modified surgery or interstitial implants. GNRH-analogues for pharmacological castration: conservative attitude towards renal and urethral trauma. Prostheses for urinary incontinence and impotence.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

[Kidney tumor embolization. Progress, experiences and complications].

Indications for preoperative and palliative embolization of renal tumors have been restricted due to the failures caused by insufficient tumor blockage. Personal experiences using a variety of materials (balloon n = 18, gelfoam n = 10, ethibloc1 /glucose n = 23) and their effectiveness are presented. special emphasis is placed on the influence of parasitic collaterals and the complication rate on the various procedures. Clinical results corroborate those obtained from our own animal experiments: only a capillary embolization that is based on the tumor volume exhausts the current possibilities of therapeutic vascular occlusion of tumors.

Diatrizoate↗
PubMed1982

Renal tubular acidosis: effects of etacrynic acid on renal acid and calcium excretion.

The fundamental disorder in renal tubular acidosis--the impaired excretions of hydrogen ions--can favourably be influenced by etacrynic acid (Hydromedin). Net acid and calcium excretion was measured in eight patients with incomplete RTA I and five controls before and during treatment with the diuretic: urinary pH was lowered and net acid excretion increased (p less than 0.05) with only slight rise in urinary calcium. Etacrynic acid appears to be particularly suitable for the long term treatment of patients with incomplete RTA I and calculous disease.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗