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Biomedical subjects

H Stammberger

Publications and source records attributed to H Stammberger.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Formation of roentgen dense structures in aspergillus mycoses of the paranasal sinuses].

On screening x-rays or tomography almost half of the patients with a mycotic sinusitis presented metal-dense structures in the the paranasal sinuses. It can be demonstrated that this is due to extraordinary amounts of calcium phosphate and calcium sulphate which are deposited intracellularly, mainly inside necrotic fungal cells. In the absence of a foreign body history these radiographic shadows are almost definite proof of a mycotic sinusitis caused by aspergillus species.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed1985

[Mucous membrane changes in the anterior ethmoid bone in chronic sinusitis and mycoses of the paranasal sinuses. An endoscopy, light and electron microscopy study. 2. Electron microscopy findings].

In the second part of this paper the findings of electron microscopical studies on ultrastructural changes of the cilia of the ethmoidal mucous membrane in patients with mycotic chronic sinusitis are presented. Many pathological variations of the normal 9 + 2 pattern can be demonstrated, along with compound cilia and central axis deviation beyond 25 degrees. This together with the endoscopical and lightmicroscopical findings results in conditions which are different from those in acute sinusitis. It may as well explain, why hardly a conservative therapy--aiming mostly for vasoconstriction and decrease of mucosal edema--is successful in chronic sinusitis. Endoscopical surgery of the diseased anterior ethmoid in most of the cases brings along cure of the dependent frontal and maxillary sinuses as well.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Personal endoscopic operative technic for the lateral nasal wall--an endoscopic surgery concept in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the paranasal sinuses].

Many years of endoscopical investigation and observation have shown that most infections of the PNS are rhinogenic, spreading from the nose into the sinuses. Usually, a focus of infection in recurring sinusitis remains in stenotic areas of the anterior ethmoid, reinfecting the larger sinuses time and again. The anterior ethmoid, especially its infundibulum, thus holds a key position for reinfection or cure, and maxillary as well as frontal sinuses are fully dependent on the pathophysiological conditions obtaining in the anterior ethmoid. Endoscopic endonasal surgery under guidance of rigid endoscopes consequently aims at these primary focuses in the anterior ethmoid, clearing stenotic clefts and infected ethmoidal cells of diseased mucosa. For drainage and ventilation, the maxillary ostium is enlarged into the anterior nasal fontanelle. There is no need for any fenstration into the inferior nasal meatus. Once the ethmoidal focus is cleared, the dependent larger sinuses usually heal without having been touched themselves - even if their mucosal pathologies seemed almost irreversible. The endoscopic procedure, which is carried out in local and surface anaesthesia (excepting children) is described in detail. Excellent results with this method developed by Messerklinger, indicate that there is hardly any indication left for a Caldwell-Luc procedure in chronic recurring sinusitis.

Abscess↗
PubMed1984

[High-dose methylprednisolone in the treatment of terminal cancer patients].

High-dose corticoid therapy was assessed in 36 patients with end-stage cancer of various different types. These patients were compared with a control group of patients with terminal cancer on a conventional palliative regimen without corticoid therapy. Euphoria, a decrease in the required dose of analgetic and psychopharmacological drugs and an anti-inflammatory effect in cases with peritumorous oedema were observed in 27 patients.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

[Endoscopic surgical treatment of mycoses of the paranasal sinuses].

Chronic sinusitis and its complications are often caused by fungi. In Europe and North America Aspergillus species are the most frequent contaminants of the sinuses, with relatively few cases of mycoses by Mucor, Candida, Penicillium and Cladosporium reported in literature. Though mainly saprophytic fungi, Aspergillus and especially Mucor may cause severe, potentially lethal complications. Consequently, therapy should include complete removal of the mycotic masses and prevent reinfection. Due to anatomical and physiological conditions, frontal and maxillary sinus infection derives from a chronically infected ethmoid in almost all of the cases. Endoscopical operation of the diseased ethmoid is hence an importand factor in our treatment schedule: Stenotic and/or chronically infected areas of the anterior and middle ethmoid are localised by X-ray tomography and/or CT. Then these areas are first inspected with the endoscope and then endoscopically operated, creating a large ostium by opening the infundibulum into the sinus. If it is impossible to remove all mycotic masses through this new window, an anterior approach is made in a third stage via the fossa canina. The fungus is removed, leaving the sinus mucosa untouched. There is no need for a window to the inferior nasal meatus. For follow-up treatment instillations of antimycotic creams are applied (Imidazole and Naftifine). The endoscopic operative technique is described in detail and its advantages and possible difficulties are discussed. 48 patients were studied and followed up for this paper.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Aspergillus mycoses of the paranasal sinuses. Detection and analysis of roentgen opaque structures in fungal concretions].

Out of 59 patients with aspergillosis of the paranasal sinuses 25 showed almost metal-dense X-ray-shadows in Highmore's sinus, resembling foreign bodies at first. It can be demonstrated, that these areas are equivalent to local enrichment of calcium phosphate mainly in the center of the fungal masses in the sinuses. Technique and methods of investigation and analysis are described. X-ray findings like these should be looked upon as a sign reading: "aspergillosis of the paranasal sinuses ahead."

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[New aspects of the histogenesis of inverted papilloma. 2. Comparative studies].

Frontal sections through the developing nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in embryos from 25 to 76 mm length were compared to histological findings in IP's. It can be demonstrated that the growth pattern of asymmetric dichotomia and adventive "buds" typical for the embryonal mucosa is apparent in the IP as well. The embryonic determination of the Schneiderian diaphragm - to form the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses by means of asymmetric dichotomia and adventive "budding" - is thus held responsible for the clinical and histological behaviour of the IP. Desmosomes connecting the IP cells are demonstrated under the electron microscope. Finally, suggestions for surgical treatment modalities are made.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical course and histopathology of chordomas in the ENT area].

The Chordoma is a fully malignant tumor deriving from remnants of the chorda dorsalis. In ENT it mainly appears as nasopharyngeal or parapharyngeal mass, growing slowly and only very late giving rise to severe symptoms by invading the skull base and the vertebra, thus making an effective treatment sometimes almost impossible. Histologically there are two cell-lines in the tumor, which are demonstrated and explained. These different cell-types are responsible for the sometimes varying aggressiveness of the tumor and its changing response to irradiation therapy. The symptomatology and histopathology of the lesion is discussed and an attempt is made to explain the tumor's biological behaviour according to its histological composition of two different cell-lines.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Cholesteatoma formation in an ear fistula--model of the development of genuine cholesteatoma?].

A 20-year-old patient had developed a cholesteatoma in the depth of an ear fistula. Fistula and cholesteatoma had formed a canal in the mastoid bone running parallel to the outer ear canal and behind it, being of almost the same size. This canal ended in a "blind alley" merely fractions of a millimeter lateral of the attic without establishing contact to the middle ear. Histologically, ceruminal glands could be demonstrated in the tissue layer of the fistula. A possible interpretation is that this fistula represents remnants of a duplication of the outer ear canal. The development of "genuine" cholesteatomas out of cases similar to this one is discussed--when the cholesteatoma reaches the middle ear behind an intact drum.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Fosfomycin--a new antibiotic in rhinootolaryngology].

Fosfomycin is a relatively new antibiotic drug, deriving from streptomyces species. Its special chemical structure and small molecular size provide a very good diffusion into tissues like bone, fascia and wound exudates as well. In a clinical study Fosfomycin was given to 26 patients with infections mainly of the middle ear and mastoid as well as other ENT-infections. Clinical success, laboratory investigations and bacteriology are described in detail. The drug proved to be of special value in the treatment of chronic purulent otitis, purulent or chronic secreting tympanoplasties or other postoperative middle-ear affections when caused by penicillin-resistant staphylococci, proteus-species and pseudomonas aeruginosa. In the other cases treatment results were good corresponding to the bactericidal spectrum of Fosfomycin. There was one treatment failure in our series, but no reverse reaction at all.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[New aspects in the genesis of inverted papillomas].

In the last 15 years papers dealing with the inverting papilloma (IP) of the nose and the paranasal sinuses mainly described the clinical appearance and behaviour and/or discussed treatment modalities. Little is known about the aetiology of the IP. Comparisons between the histological appearance of the IP and the different stages of the embryonic development of Schneider's membrane, i.e. the lamina mucosa nasi derived from the ectoderm, show strikingly similar growth patterns. The main task of Schneider's membrane is to actively form the inner nose and the paranasal sinuses during development of the foetus. Hence, it employs the system of "asymmetric dichotomy" when growing into the embryonic tissue of the viscerocranium. As the IP originates exclusively in the area equivalent to Schneider's membrane and moreover presents some unique features which are histologically and morphologically identical with this membrane, the author believes that the embryonic determination to build up the sinuses and the meatus of the nose is responsible for the histological appearance of the inverting papilloma.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

[Features of aspergillosis in ENT. Histopathology of fungal infections of the paranasal sinuses caused by Aspergillus fumigatus (author's transl)].

Fungal diseases of nasal and paranasal sinuses caused by Aspergillus fumigatus are not rare. Second to diagnosis in defined culture medium only, histological diagnosis can easily be achieved in Haematoxilin-Eosin-, and PAS-stained samples of fungal masses in the sinuses. Specific histological features of Aspergillus fumigatus are described, especially the onion-skin like structure of the fungus balls, and their development discussed. Out of seventy cases only one showed invasion of the mucosa of the sinus, the others all showing extramucous position of the fungus.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed1982

[Features of aspergillosis in ENT. Clinical features of aspergillosis in ENT (author's transl)].

Etiology, pathogenesis and clinical features of fungal diseases in ENT caused by Aspergillus are discussed. In this paper special stress is put upon the diagnosis and therapy of the Aspergillosis of the paranasal sinuses and the ear. Out of a group of 65 patients with Aspergillosis of the nose and paranasal sinuses 25 were examined in detail. Two of them suffered from a malignancy, while the remainder of the group had been in general good health. It was remarkable, that many patients got into touch with domestic animals, garden mould and soil of ornamental plants. In X-ray 12 calcareous concrements were detected. In one case only histological signs of an invasion of Aspergillus could be demonstrated. Fungus infections of cavity of radical mastoidectomy and external ear were often seen and easily diagnosed because of their clinical appearance. In the last years we have neither observed Aspergillosis of the middle and inner ear, nor of the larynx.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Argyrosis of the nasal mucosa (author's transl)].

Two cases of argyrosis of the nasal mucosa are described and special histological features of the silver particle in tissue-samples were demonstrated. One of the patients had inhalative contact with silveroxide preparations for at least 6 years; in the second case the local argyrosis was associated with a malignant lymphoma of the nasopharynx. Due to patient non-compliance no further investigations could be made to evaluate a cancerogenic influence of the metal pigment. A description of other possible exogenic and endogenic pigments is given with special emphasis on cancerogenic effects.

Argyria↗
PubMed1981

[The inverting papilloma of the nose (author's transl)].

Nasal inverting papillomata and their clinical presentation, macroscopical appearance and histological structure are described. The inverting growth of this epithelium is shown to be due to proliferation of the basal cell layer. In most of these patients the ciliated epithelium showed metaplasia. Furthermore the histological findings clearly show that the secondary development of an inverting papilloma in the typical nasal polyp is possible. In two patients transformation of the inverting papilloma into a squamous carcinoma occurred.

Adult↗