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H Suto

Publications and source records attributed to H Suto.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Endoscopic [13C]-urea breath test for quantification of Helicobacter pylori infection.

BACKGROUND: We previously developed a new diagnostic method for Helicobacter pylori infection and called it the endoscopic [13C]-urea breath test (EUBT). Here we evaluate the relationship between the EUBT results and the histological findings. METHODS: The EUBT was performed on 137 patients with gastroduodenal diseases. After the collection of a baseline breath sample, gastroduodenal endoscopy was performed. Twenty milliliters of 0.05% phenol red solution containing 100 mg of [13C]-urea was sprayed over the entire gastric mucosa under endoscopic observation. A breath sample was collected 15 min after spraying. The content of 13CO2 in the breath samples was measured by ratio mass spectrometry. Two biopsy specimens each from the antrum and the middle corpus were obtained for culture and histology. Helicobacter pylori colonization, activity, inflammation, atrophy and intestinal metaplasia were classified on a four-point scale according to the Updated Sydney System. RESULTS: We found positive correlations between the EUBT values and the H. pylori colonization and activity score in the antrum and corpus, and negative correlations between the EUBT values and the atrophy and intestinal metaplasia scores in the corpus. CONCLUSIONS: The EUBT can be an indicator of the intragastric bacterial load and the histological findings for H. pylori.

Breath Tests↗
PubMed2000

Helicobacter pylori infection occurs via close contact with infected individuals in early childhood.

BACKGROUND: The manner in which Helicobacter pylori is transmitted is of fundamental importance when considering strategies for its control, yet, to date, the exact mode of transmission remains uncertain. METHODS: The seroprevalence of H. pylori in a relatively isolated rural town in Japan (A-town) was examined to analyse the H. pylori infection route. The immunoglobulin G antibodies against H. pylori in 1684 subjects who had received public health examinations in A-town were determined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The seroprevalence was compared in five areas according to the water source. The possibility and frequency of intrafamilial infection was analysed by comparing the seroprevalence among family members residing in the same home. RESULTS: The seroprevalence of H. pylori did not differ significantly between the five areas examined. Seropositivity was significantly more common in the children whose mothers were seropositive (45.0%, 27/60) than in the children whose mothers were seronegative (10.0%, 2/20; odds ratio (OR) = 7.36, P = 0.0036, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.57-34.59). Seropositivity was significantly more common in the children whose older siblings were seropositive (55.0%, 22/40) than in the children whose older siblings were seronegative (23.5%, 20/85; OR = 3.97, P = 0.00051, 95% CI = 1.79-8.84). There was no significant relationship in seroprevalence between children and fathers, grandchildren and grandfathers, grandchildren and grandmothers, or within couples. Seropositivity was significantly more common in the adolescents who had attended a nursery school (44.4%, 20/45) than in the adolescents who had not attended a nursery school (25.6%, 109/426) (OR = 2.33, P = 0.0070, 95% CI = 1.24-4.36). CONCLUSIONS: The acquisition of H. pylori infection occurs by close contact with infected individuals in early childhood, especially via contact with infected mothers and other infected children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Comparative study of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from lesional and non-lesional skin of atopic dermatitis patients.

The skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) is often colonized by Staphylococcus aureus, and superantigenic exotoxins produced by the organism are thought to be an important precipitating factor of AD. However, there are few reports comparing the characteristics of S. aureus isolated from the lesional and non-lesional skin of identical AD patients. In this study, therefore, we examined whether the presence of superantigen-producing S. aureus correlates with the formation of eczematous lesion of AD patients. The detection rate of S. aureus on the lesional skin of AD patients was higher than on the non-lesional skin of AD patients. Furthermore, the bacterial cell count of S. aureus on the lesional skin of AD patients was also significantly higher than that of the non-lesional skin of AD patients. However, there was no significant difference between the detection rate of superantigenic exotoxin-producing S. aureus on the lesional and nonlesional skin of AD patients. These results suggest that the number of S. aureus present is more important in the formation of eczematous lesion of AD patients than the presence of superantigenic exotoxin-producing S. aureus strains per se.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Sequence analysis and clinical significance of the iceA gene from Helicobacter pylori strains in Japan.

The Helicobacter pylori iceA gene was recently identified as a genetic marker for the development of peptic ulcer in a Western population. To assess the significance of iceA subtypes of H. pylori in relation to peptic ulcer, 140 Japanese clinical isolates (88 from Fukui and 52 from Okinawa) were characterized. Sequence analysis of the iceA1 gene from 25 representative Japanese strains was also carried out to identify the differences in iceA between the ulcer group and the gastritis group. The iceA1 genotype was not correlated with the presence of peptic ulceration in either area. In addition, sequence analysis led to identification of five deletions and five point mutations (a nonsense mutation or a 1-bp insertion) within the iceA1 open reading frame corresponding to previously published sequences. These mutations were identified in both clinical groups (ulcer and gastritis groups) in each area. Local DNA sequence analysis revealed that the endpoints of all five deletions coincided with direct repeats. We also found four strains that carried longer iceA1 open reading frames compared with that for strain 60190. In conclusion, carriage of an iceA1 strain does not seem to be a risk factor for peptic ulcer in Japanese subjects. The critical mutations in the iceA1 gene in some isolates from patients with peptic ulcers suggested that IceA does not participate in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer in Japan. We also found deletion hot spots that were associated with direct repeats in iceA1 and that favored a small-deletion model of slipped mispairing events during replication. We showed that iceA1 sequence variations may be useful tools for analysis of the population genetics of H. pylori.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed2000

[The effect of suplatast tosilate on immunological parameters for the patients with atopic dermatitis].

A dose of 300 mg/day of suplatast tosilate was administered to one hundred one cases of atopic dermatitis for eight weeks, and the severity scores, peripheral blood eosinophil count, total serum IgE levels, plasma eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels, and other immunological parameters before and after the trial were observed and comparatively examined. The results are as follows: 1) Temporary improvements were found in the scores of severity and itchiness on all evaluated skin regions (face, limbs, and trunk). These scores decreased significantly for all observation periods at two, four, six and eight weeks after administration of suplatast tosilate compared with those before the administration (p < 0.01). 2) There was no sign of adverse effects on the drug. In the blood tests, one patient displayed elevated levels of GPT and another showed elevated total bilirubin. In the urine test (qualitative test), one case with positive urinary protein was observed. 3) Clinical examinations including assessment of the immunologic parameters were conducted at an average of 8.68 +/- 0.36th week. The peripheral blood eosinophil count, the percentage of eosinophil, and plasma ECP levels significantly diminished compared with those before administration, but no significant difference was found in total serum IgE levels and LDH levels. 4) The subjects were divided into two groups, one in which the clinical scores were improved by more than five and another with scores of less than five (including worsening), and the fluctuation of the immunological parameters (values before and after administration of the drug) of the two groups were compared. As a result, a significant difference was observed in the plasma ECP levels (p = 0.02) and peripheral blood eosinophil count (p = 0.091), but no difference was observed in total serum IgE levels and LDH levels. From the above mentioned results, the high efficacy and safety of suplatast tosilate in the treatment of severe atopic dermatitis were confirmed. At the same time, a decrease in the peripheral blood eosinophil count and the serum ECP levels were observed, suggesting the possibility that these values could be used as indices of the severity of atopic dermatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

IgE hyperproduction through enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of Janus kinase 3 in NC/Nga mice, a model for human atopic dermatitis.

IgE hyperproduction frequently observed in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) may greatly contribute to the pathogenesis of AD, but its mechanisms are still unclear. NC/Nga mice raised in nonsterile circumstances spontaneously suffered from AD-like skin lesions with elevation of plasma IgE levels. We investigated mechanisms of the IgE hyperproduction in NC/Nga mice. Splenic T cells from SPF NC/Nga mice had a level of CD40 ligand (CD40L) expression comparable to that of BALB/c mice. Although there was no difference in the expression of CD40 on B cells between NC/Nga and BALB/c mice, B cells of NC/Nga mice produced much more IgE in the presence of soluble CD40L and IL-4. The stimulation with CD40L and/or IL-4 resulted in tyrosine phosphorylation of Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) in B cells, which was more strongly inducible in NC/Nga mice than in BALB/c mice. In B cells isolated from PBMC of AD patients with high serum IgE levels, JAK3 was constitutively phosphorylated at the tyrosine residue, and its phosphorylation was enhanced by the treatment with CD40L and/or IL-4 as was that in splenic B cells of NC/Nga mice with dermatitis and high IgE levels. Thus, it is suggested that constitutive and enhanced JAK3 phosphorylation in B cells highly sensitive to CD40L and IL-4 may be attributable to IgE hyperproduction in NC/Nga mice and patients with AD.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗
PubMed1999

Bile reflux due to disturbed gastric movement is a cause of spontaneous gastric ulcer in W/Wv mice.

c-Kit is a receptor tyrosine kinase, and it is encoded by the mouse W locus. Mutant W/Wv mice develop spontaneous gastric antral ulcers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pathogenesis of these gastric ulcers and to examine the effects of two antiulcer drugs; a proton pump inhibitor (2{[4-(3-methoxypropoxy)-3-methylpyridine-2-yl]methyl-sulfinyl}-1H -benzimidazole sodium salt, rabeprazole) and a mucosal protective drug (geranylgeranylacetone, GGA), on the gastric ulcers. The inhibition of the gastric acid secretion by rabeprazole (30 mg/kg body weight, subcutaneous injection once a day for six weeks) significantly increased the gastric ulcer formation compared to the controls. In contrast, the GGA treatment (100 mg/kg body weight, oral administration for six weeks) significantly inhibited the ulcer formation. Bile reflux was seen in these mutant mice, and they showed no cyclic intense contractions in the gastric antrum. These results suggest that bile reflux due to the disturbance of gastric antral movement is a cause of the spontaneous gastric ulcers in W/Wv mice.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1999

The effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy on gastric antral myoelectrical activity and gastric emptying in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia.

BACKGROUND: Dysmotility of the gastroduodenal region and delayed gastric emptying have been considered to play roles in non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD). Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammation of the gastric mucosa may affect gastric motility. AIM: To evaluate the effects of H. pylori eradication therapy on gastrointestinal motility and symptoms in NUD patients. METHODS: : Forty-six NUD patients were examined for gastric emptying, antral myoelectrical activity, H. pylori infection, and symptom scores. In H. pylori-positive NUD patients, gastric emptying, antral myoelectrical activity, and symptom scores were also analysed 2 months after cure of H. pylori infection. RESULTS: Sixty-seven per cent of NUD patients were H. pylori-positive. Both abnormal gastric emptying and antral myoelectrical activity were observed in NUD patients. H. pylori-positive NUD patients were divided into three groups according to their gastric emptying: the delayed group, the normal group, and the rapid group. In the delayed and rapid gastric emptying groups, the emptying and symptom scores were improved significantly by eradication. There was no improvement in symptom scores in the normal gastric emptying NUD group by the eradication therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Disturbed gastric emptying and antral myoelectrical activity play roles in NUD. H. pylori-induced disturbed gastric emptying may cause some NUD symptoms. Gastric emptying and symptom scores are improved by H. pylori eradication therapy in NUD patients with disturbed gastric emptying; H. pylori eradication therapy is effective in H. pylori-positive NUD patients with disturbed gastric emptying.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1999

The effect of helicobacter pylori eradication therapy on gastric antral myoelectrical activity and gastric emptying in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia.

BACKGROUND: Dysmotility of the gastroduodenal region and delayed gastric emptying have been considered to play roles in non-ulcer dyspepsia. In addition, it has been reported that Helicobacter pylori induced inflammation of the gastric mucosa may affect gastric motility. AIM: To evaluate the effects of H. pylori eradication therapy on gastrointestinal motility and symptoms in non-ulcer dyspepsia patients. METHODS: A total of 46 non-ulcer dyspepsia patients were examined for gastric emptying, antral myoelectrical activity, H. pylori infection, and symptom scores. In H. pylori-positive non-ulcer dyspepsia patients, gastric emptying, antral myoelectrical activity, and symptom scores were also analysed 2 months after being cured of H. pylori infection. RESULTS: A total of 67.4% of the non-ulcer dyspepsia patients were H. pylori-positive. Both abnormal gastric emptying and antral myoelectrical activity were observed in non-ulcer dyspepsia patients. H. pylori-positive non-ulcer dyspepsia patients were divided into three groups according to their gastric emptying: the delayed gastric emptying group, the normal gastric emptying group, and the rapid gastric emptying group. In the delayed and rapid gastric emptying groups, the gastric emptying and symptom scores were improved significantly by the eradication therapy. However, there was no improvement in symptom scores in the normal gastric emptying non-ulcer dyspepsia group by the eradication therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Disturbed gastric emptying and antral myoelectrical activity play roles in non-ulcer dyspepsia. Helicobacter pylori infection, inducing disturbed gastric emptying, may cause some non-ulcer dyspepsia symptoms. Gastric emptying and symptom scores are improved by H. pylori eradication therapy in non-ulcer dyspepsia patients with disturbed gastric emptying. H. pylori eradication therapy is effective in H. pylori-positive non-ulcer dyspepsia patients with disturbed gastric emptying.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

NC/Nga mice: a mouse model for atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common pruritic disease that occurs primarily in infancy and childhood. AD is characterized by itching and the patient having an individual or family history of atopic diseases. Although AD is also frequently associated with elevated serum IgE levels and with common environmental factors contributing to its pathogenesis, the etiology of AD is still unknown. We examined NC/Nga mice (NC mice) that showed AD-like skin lesions with aging as a possible mouse model for AD. NC mice were maintained under conventional (Conv) or specific pathogen-free (SPF) conditions. Clinical symptoms, serum IgE levels and histopathology of the skin were compared between these 2 groups, and we explored their application as a model of human AD. It was found that the skin lesions of inbred NC mice were clinically and histologically very similar to human AD when the mice were raised under Conv conditions, but not under SPF conditions, and we assumed that some kinds of environmental factors might trigger AD-like signs and symptoms in NC mice. To further investigate the pathophysiology and treatment of AD, a suitable animal model is absolutely required, and NC mice are very useful for this purpose.

Aging↗
PubMed1999

[Fungi and atopic dermatitis].

Attention has recently been centered on fungi as aggravating factors of atopic dermatitis (AD) due to the frequent detection of IgE antibodies to fungi in patients with severe AD and to positive response of some cases of AD to antifungal therapy. Malassezia sp.: In AD patients with prominent symptoms in the head and neck, areas prone to colonization by Malassezia, the titers of specific anti-Malassezia IgE antibodies are high, which positively correlate with the total IgE value and the severity of AD. The patch test against Malassezia antigens is positive. The rate of isolation of Malassezia from the skin of AD patients is higher than that from the skin of healthy control subjects. Candida sp.: In patients with severe AD, the rate of positive skin prick tests for Candida is high, and a correlation exists between positive skin prick test results and the presence of Candida albicans in nasopharynx. However, the reactivity to Candida antigens in the patch tests is reduced, and a negative correlation is seen. There is no difference between the isolation rate of C. albicans from patients with adult-type AD and normal controls. However, AD patients give a significantly greater number of separate colonies. The range of efficacy rate of antifungal therapy of AD is reported to be 50-65 %. The efficacy rate of our own trial falls within this range. Following treatment, the rate of isolation of fungi decrease significantly, and the titers of specific antifungal IgE antibodies are not statistically significant. The clearance of fungi from the tissue following antifungal therapy probably results in the suppression of direct or indirect inflammatory reaction caused by the fungi. We therefore consider antifungal therapy as one of the second-line therapies to be administered in AD cases resistant to conventional basic therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Analysis of the pathophysiology of H. pylori infection].

Vacuolating cytotoxin is an important virulence factor in H. pylori infection. Cytotoxin-producing H. pylori were more prevalent in patients with severe atrophic gastritis and cytotoxin activities in H. pylori isolates from patients with severe atrophic gastritis were much higher than those from patients with mild atrophic gastritis. It has also been suggested that there are host-related immunogenetic factors for susceptibility or resistance to diseases caused by H. pylori. The allele frequency of HLA-DQA1*0102 was significantly lower in the H. pylori(+) atrophic gastritis and H. pylori(+) intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma than in the H. pylori(-) normal control and H. pylori(+) superficial gastritis. The HLA-DQA1*0102 allele may contribute to resistance against H. pylori-associated gastric atrophy and its association with intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1999

Evaluation of endoscopic 13C-urea breath test for assessment of Helicobacter pylori eradication.

To minimize the inaccuracies of the diagnostic methods for Helicobacter pylori infection, we developed a new diagnostic method and called it the endoscopic 13C-urea breath test (EUBT). We evaluated the accuracy of EUBT for detecting this infection and assessing its eradication. EUBT was conducted on 267 patients with gastroduodenal disease. After the collection of a baseline breath sample, gastroduodenal endoscopy was performed. A 20-ml aliquot of a solution containing 100 mg of 13C-urea was sprayed over the entire gastric mucosa via the endoscope. A breath sample was then collected 15 min after spraying. The content of 13CO2 was measured in the breath samples by ratio mass spectrometry. Two biopsy specimens each from the antrum and the middle corpus were obtained for culture and histology. The EUBT cutoff level was 1.4%. The sensitivity and specificity of EUBT for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection were both 98.2%, and for assessment of the eradication they were 100% and 98.9%, respectively. EUBT is an accurate method not only for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection but also for assessment of its eradication.

Breath Tests↗
PubMed1998

The role of the HLA-DQA1 gene in resistance to atrophic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma induced by Helicobacter pylori infection.

BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that immunogenetic factors for susceptibility or resistance to disease caused by Helicobacter pylori exist in the host. To examine host genetic factors that increase the risk of gastric adenocarcinoma among H. pylori-infected persons, the HLA-DQA1 locus was examined in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. METHODS: Eighty-two gastric adenocarcinoma patients and 167 unrelated controls were examined for H. pylori infection and HLA-DQA1 genotyping. In addition, serum pepsinogen A (PGA) and pepsinogen C (PGC) values and the PGA/PGC ratio, which have been characterized as markers of gastric mucosal atrophy, also were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 167 controls, 121 were H. pylori positive (+) and 46 were H. pylori negative (-). All H. pylori (-) individuals had normal endoscopic and histologic findings. Among the 121 H. pylori (+) controls, 36 had superficial gastritis and 85 had atrophic gastritis. The allele frequency of DQA1*0102 was significantly lower in the H. pylori (+) atrophic gastritis group than in the H. pylori (+) superficial gastritis and H. pylori (-) normal control groups. In addition, the allele frequency of DQA1*0102 also was significantly lower in the H. pylori (+) intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma group than in the H. pylori (-) normal control, H. pylori (+) superficial gastritis, and H. pylori (-) diffuse type gastric adenocarcinoma groups. Serum PGA and PGC values and the PGA/PGC ratio did not differ significantly among HLA-DQA1 genotypes; however, the PGA/PGC ratio was significantly lower in the H. pylori (+) atrophic gastritis and H. pylori (+) intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma groups than in the H. pylori (-) normal control and H. pylori (+) superficial gastritis groups. CONCLUSIONS: The DQA1*0102 allele may contribute to resistance against H. pylori-associated gastric atrophy and its association with intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma, whereas the absence of DQA1*0102 may be a host genetic risk factor for H. pylori-associated atrophic gastritis and intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Full-length sequence analysis of the vacA gene from cytotoxic and noncytotoxic Helicobacter pylori.

Some clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori fail to express vacuolating cytotoxin, despite possessing a copy of the vacA gene on the chromosome. To gain insight into the differences between vacA from cytotoxic and noncytotoxic strains, the vacA open-reading frames from 16 cytotoxic and 22 noncytotoxic strains were sequenced. Mutations that cause truncation of VacA in 11 of 22 noncytotoxic strains were identified, including internal duplication, large deletion, 1-bp insertion, and non-sense mutations. In contrast, none of the 16 cytotoxic strains had any truncation of VacA. Four cytotoxic strains had inserted sequences downstream of vacA. Three were mini-IS605, and the other was a putative rfaJ gene that encodes lipopolysaccharide glucosyltransferase. The rfaJ gene identified in this study had a poly(C) tract, resulting in premature termination of the gene product. The phylogenetic tree based on the vacA open-reading frame indicated that two different H. pylori lineages are circulating in Japan and the West.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1997

Susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori isolates to metronidazole, clarithromycin and amoxycillin in vitro and in clinical treatment in Japan.

BACKGROUND: Primary and acquired resistance to antibiotics is an important factor in determining the reason for treatment failure in Helicobacter pylori infection. We examined the relationship between the susceptibility of H. pylori isolates and the efficacy of chemotherapy. METHODS: The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of metronidazole (MNZ), clarithromycin (CLAR) and amoxycillin (AMOX) of 320 H. pylori pre-treatment isolates were determined by the agar dilution method. In 290 patients with peptic ulcers. H. pylori infection was treated by dual or triple combination therapies for 2 weeks: one proton pump inhibitor (30 mg/day lansoprazole or 20 mg/day omeprazole) and one or two antibiotics (500 mg AMOX, 200 mg CLAR or 250 mg MNZ twice a day). MICs were also determined after the treatment failure. RESULTS: Among the drugs tested, for MNZ and CLAR, 8.1% and 9.1% of the isolates, respectively, were resistant, while no isolate was resistant to AMOX. After unsuccessful treatment using MNZ and CLAR, 66.7% and 70.61% of the isolates changed from sensitive to resistant, respectively. All isolates were sensitive to AMOX after treatment failure. CONCLUSIONS: The failure of the H. pylori treatment results in the induction of resistance to CLAR and/or MNZ. Regimens with a high cure rate should be used in order to prevent the generation of acquired resistance to antibiotics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Mortality among inhabitants of an HTLV-I endemic area in Japan.

A community-based cohort study was conducted to clarify the risk of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) infection for cause-specific deaths. A total of 1,997 individuals (751 men and 1,246 women) aged 30 or older in A-Island, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan who had voluntarily attended annual mass health examinations, including serum HTLV-I antibody test, were followed up for a mean period of 5.3 years. In a Cox proportional hazards analysis adjusted for age at baseline, the HTLV-I seropositivity was found to be associated with mortality from all causes in men (hazard ratio (HR) 1.89; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-3.54) and women (HR 1.94; 95% CI 1.16-3.22). When the effects of 2 deaths (1 man and 1 woman) from adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) were excluded, the mortality risk decreased slightly but was still significantly or marginally significantly greater than 1 in both men (HR 1.77; 95% CI 0.93-3.37) and women (HR 1.87; 95% CI 1.12-3.12). Further analysis of cause-specific deaths revealed a significant increase in the risk for non-neoplastic diseases but not for neoplasms excluding ATL. These findings suggest that long-term HTLV-I infection represents a health hazard greater than just that for the development of ATL. It was difficult, however, to draw a conclusion regarding the association between HTLV-I infection and cancer risk, because the number of cancer deaths was small and the incidence of cancer was not investigated.

Adult↗