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Biomedical subjects

H Swenerton

Publications and source records attributed to H Swenerton.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Diet and dyslexia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dietary Carbohydrates↗
PubMed1983

Homogenized bovine milk xanthine oxidase: a critique of the hypothesis relating to plasmalogen depletion and cardiovascular disease.

A hypothesis has repeatedly been promoted that xanthine oxidase from homogenized bovine milk is absorbed intact, damaging cardiovascular tissue by depleting plasmalogens and initiating atherosclerotic changes that culminate in heart disease. In the light of recent experimental evidence, the present paper examines the validity of this hypothesis and associated claims. The evidence leads to the conclusion that 1) absorption of dietary xanthine oxidase has not been demonstrated; 2) a relationship between intakes of homogenized milk and levels of serum xanthine oxidase activity have not been established; 3) a direct role for xanthine oxidase in plasmalogen depletion has not been established; 4) neither liposome formation during homogenization of milk nor absorption of intact liposomes from the gastrointestinal tract has been demonstrated; and 5) data are lacking to support the claim that large doses of folic acid inhibit xanthine oxidase in vivo and/or are therapeutic in heart disease. Experimental evidence has failed to substantiate, and in many cases has refuted, the xanthine oxidase/plasmalogen depletion hypothesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Recent activities of public agencies to assure healthful diets for Americans.

In the United States, public agencies long have been involved in providing information about food and nutrition. Over the years, however, the nature of that involvement has shifted. Initially the emphasis was on practical information about agriculture and home economics. Gradually emphasis has shifted to concerns about malnutrition and, more recently, to concerns about overconsumption and associated health problems. This paper reviews some of the food and nutrition-related activities of public agencies and summarizes some recent concerns related to nutrition "recommendations", "goals", and "guidelines". Two key publications related to nutrition issues are: 1) "Nutrition and Your Health: Dietary Guidelines for Americans," published jointly by United States Department of Agriculture and Department of Health and Human Services and 2) "Toward Healthful Diets," from the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences. One of the guidelines in the former publication tends to encourage the dairy industry to orient toward reducing consumption of milk fat. In contrast, the analysis in the latter publication tends to encourage adoption of an approach to promote nutrition education and marketing programs without necessarily reducing consumption of milk fat. The approach of dairy industry would differ depending upon which guidelines were adopted.

Diet↗
PubMed1980

Zinc deficiency in rhesus and bonnet monkeys, including effects on reproduction.

Zinc deficiency was induced in two species of monkeys, Macaca mulatta (rhesus) and Macaca radiata (bonnet), by feeding a purified diet containing isolated soybean protein. In both rhesus and bonnet monkeys, plasma zinc levels were reduced in 7 or 14 days after institution of the zinc-deficiency regimen. Dermal lesions on the extremities, face and abdomen, and alopecia also appeared in both species. Reduced hair zinc concentration was observed in zinc-deficient bonnet monkeys. Oral supplementation with zinc rapidly reversed the dermal lesions and hair loss of deficient monkeys, however, repleted monkeys still had lower hair zinc levels than controls. Normal reproduction was impaired when the zinc-deficient diet was fed to adult monkeys. In pregnant rhesus monkeys, one zinc-deficient monkey aborted on day 48 of pregnancy. Under other experimental conditions, fetuses removed by cesarean section on day 70 or 100 of pregnancy did not show gross congenital abnormalities. In zinc-deficient bonnet monkeys, none of the matings resulted in pregnancies, and after prolonged deficiency menstrual cycles ceased together. The zinc-supplemented control diet supported normal reproduction.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1971

Teratogenic effects of a chelating agent and their prevention by zinc.

Ingestion of a chelating agent (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) by female rats during pregnancy impaired reproduction and resulted in congenitally malformed young. When ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was fed from days 6 to 21 of gestation, all of the full-term young had gross congenital malformations. These effects were prevented by simultaneous supplementation with 1000 parts per million of dietary zinc.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1969

Zinc-deficient embryos: reduced thymidine incorporation.

The 12-day-old embryos of rats with a deficiency of zinc showed a reduced uptake of tritiated thymidine when compared with controls, as shown by liquid scintillation and autoradiography. The high incidence of gross congenital malformations resulting from zinc deficiency may thus be caused by DNA impaired DNA synthesis.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗