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Biomedical subjects

H T Green

Publications and source records attributed to H T Green.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Cerebral abscess on Merseyside 1980-1988.

We report a retrospective study of 62 patients presenting to The Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery with cerebral abscess in the 8-year period between 1980 and 1988. The study shows that while the incidence of cerebral abscess has not altered from the previous decade, aetiological factors have changed and major developments in the diagnosis and management of the condition have resulted in a marked reduction in the morbidity and mortality associated with brain abscess.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Antibody coated bacteria in urine of patients with recent spinal injury.

Twenty patients with an acute spinal injury were prospectively studied to assess the clinical importance of antibody coated bacteria (ACB) in the urine and the association among the different bacterial species with a positive antibody coated bacteria test. Clinical urinary tract infection was associated with a positive ACB test on 45% of occasions. Three hundred and ninety nine urine samples containing 541 bacterial isolates were assessed for the presence of ACB; 13% were found to be positive and 87% negative for ACB; 67% of urines contained a single bacterial isolate. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most commonly associated with clinical urinary tract infection, found in 25% of episodes, followed by Proteus mirabilis (17.5%), Klebsiella sp (12.5%), and Proteus morganii (10%). Providencia stuartii, however, was most commonly associated with a positive ACB test (found in 17%). Other bacteria associated with a positive ACB test included Klebsiella sp (14%), Acinetobacter sp (12.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12%), Citrobacter sp (11.5%). A positive ACB test is not to be expected from a patient with spinal injury who has a catheter in place, and the test may provide a useful guide to identify those patients with an invasive infection. It is doubtful that a decision to treat or not treat bacteriuria could rest on the identification of the bacterial species alone.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

An outbreak of Trichuris trichiura in a mental handicap hospital.

An outbreak of Trichuris trichiura in a ward for the severely mentally handicapped affected 22 of 29 patients. There was concurrent carriage of non-pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica in 59% of these patients. Heavy contamination of soil was found in the patients' recreation area. The management of the outbreak is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Penetration of ceftazidime into intracranial abscess.

The penetration of ceftazidime into intracranial abscess was investigated in nine patients receiving intravenous ceftazidime. Concentrations of antibiotic in pus were measured by a microbiological agar diffusion assay (12 samples) and high performance liquid chromatography (8 samples) at varying times following ceftazidime administration. Concentrations of ceftazidime varying between 2.7 and 27.0 mg/l were detected. The role of ceftazidime in the therapy of intra-cranial abscess of otogenic origin is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Hospital outbreak of multi-resistant Acinetobacter anitratus: an airborne mode of spread?

During a 10-month period, from October 1984 to July 1985, a multi-resistant strain of Acinetobacter anitratus was isolated from 36 patients in three neurosurgical wards, one medical ward and the intensive care unit of a district general hospital, and from two patients in the intensive care unit of a hospital in another district. Fourteen patients developed significant infection including pneumonia (10), meningitis (2), septicaemia (2) and wound infection (4). The majority of cases (28) involved the respiratory tract of ventilated patients, although respiratory equipment was not implicated as a source of the infection. The epidemic strain was recovered from the skin, nose, mouth and rectum of colonized patients and from the hands of personnel. However, extensive air and environmental contamination in the vicinity of colonized patients was also demonstrated. This is the first outbreak of infection with Acinetobacter, of which we are aware, where airborne spread has been observed.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1978

e-Antigen: a link between immune response and infectivity in hepatitis B?

In a study of the distribution of e-antigen and anti-e in subjects whose blood was positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), patients with acute hepatitis B who were tested during the incubation period were all e-antigen-positive but after the onset of illness e-antigen was detected in only 11%. Persistence, and in some instances reappearance of e-antigen in those who became long-term carriers of HBsAg was associated with high titres of HBsAg. There was a high incidence of e-antigen in those conditions in which cell-mediated immunity may be depressed, including Down's syndrome and chronic renal failure. The majority of HBsAg carries identified as sources of infection were e-antigen-positive. A postive reaction for e-antigen is evidently associated with a defective immune response to hepatitis B virus infection which permits continued replication of virus in liver cells accompanied by high titres of HBsAg, numerous Dane particles and detectable DNA polymerase in the blood with consequently a greater likelihood of transmitting infection. Although it cannot be assumed that anti-e positive carriers of HBsAg are not infective, it may be necessary, in the assessment of passive or active immunization for the control of hepatitis B, to take into account the e-antigen/antibody status of possible sources of infection.

DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase↗
PubMed1975

Subtypes of hepatitis B antigen among patients and symptomless carriers.

A study of the distribution of subtypes ad and ay among sera from hepatitis B antigen-positive subjects in North West England and North Wales revealed a marked contrast between symptomless carriers among whom ad predominated and patients with acute hepatitis the majority of whom were ay. Those with hepatitis associated with drug addiction or other forms of "needle transmission" were almost all of subtype ay. On the other hand in cases of "sporadic" hepatitis without evidence of parenteral exposure subtypes ad and ay are about equally distributed. These findings are similar to those reported from other countries in Northern Europe and North America. Although geographical and social factors clearly affect the distribution of the two subtypes it is suggested that the virus of subtype ay may be more readily transmitted than subtype ad by parenteral routes involving small amounts of blood.

Acute Disease↗