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Biomedical subjects

H Taguchi

Publications and source records attributed to H Taguchi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical detection of Pneumocystis carinii in transbronchial lung biopsy specimens: antigen difference between human and rat Pneumocystis carinii.

Transbronchial lung biopsy specimens, from three patients with non-AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and rat lung tissue in which PCP was induced by the administration of dexamethasone, were studied to determine the diagnostic usefulness of an immunohistochemical method using commercially available anti-Pneumocystis monoclonal antibody, 3F6, on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. PC was consistently stained a bright red color and unambiguously identified in all three human lung specimens, but not stained in lung tissues at autopsy from patients with various fungal pneumonias. In contrast, PC was weakly stained in PCP-induced rat lungs. The present study indicates human PC and rat PC to be antigenically different in terms of the existence of the 82 kilo-dalton (kD) antigen against which 3F6 is directed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Three cases of chronic respiratory tract lesions associated with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL)].

Three cases of chronic respiratory tract lesions as a complication of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) are reported. Case 1 was seropositive for HTLV-1 on recent examination following treatment of bronchiolitis. Chest radiograph revealed over inflation of the lungs and bilateral diffuse small nodular shadows. Pulmonary function test resulted hypoxemia and mixed ventilation disorder. Pathological examination confirmed lymphocytic infiltration of the bronchiolar wall. Both clinically and pathologically the patient was diagnosed as having diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB). Therefore, this case was considered to be the bronchiolar type of HTLV-1 associated bronchiolo-alveolar disorder (HABA). The other two cases with smoldering or chronic ATL presented with long-standing symptoms of productive cough due to chronic respiratory lesions. We consider that all three cases had HTLV-1 virus associated pulmonary lesions, but with different clinical and pathological presentations. Among 12 cases of bronchiolitis experienced at our hospital, three were positive for HTLV-1.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A case of renal cell carcinoma with lung metastasis and local recurrence effectively treated with nephrectomy and UFT].

A 74-year-old woman was admitted on July 18, 1989 for an abnormality on her chest roentgenogram. Right renal tumor with bilateral pulmonary metastasis was detected and right nephrectomy was performed. Because of the progression of pulmonary metastasis and the local recurrence after surgery, UFT was orally administered at a dose of 300 mg everyday since Dec. 12, 1989. The chest roentgenogram on Nov. 21, 1990 showed progression of lung lesions. But at the 20 th month after the beginning of chemotherapy, both lung lesions disappeared completely and local recurrence around the operative wound strikingly improved. This is a rare case of renal cell carcinoma with local recurrence and lung metastasis successfully treated with UFT.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[Intensive induction chemotherapy of adult acute myelogenous leukemia by continuing daunorubicin, behenoyl-cytosine arabinoside, 6-mercaptopurine and prednisolone until marrow aplasia].

Intensive induction chemotherapy was applied to 25 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia by continuing drugs (daunorubicin, behenoyl-cytosine arabinoside, 6-mercaptopurine and prednisolone) until the achievement of severe bone marrow aplasia (leukemic cells less than 1,000/microliters). Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 18 (72%). Numbers of partial remission and an early death were 5 (20%) and 2 (8%), respectively. Although median nadirs of white blood cells (WBC) and platelet counts (Pl) (205/microliters and 8,200/microliters, respectively) were remarkably low, recovery of WBC (over 1,000/microliters) and Pl (over 50,000/microliters) were achieved in 23.8 and 24.5 days, after an initiation of the chemotherapy. Sepsis was a most frequently observed complication during induction stage and a duration of fever was 2-48 days (median 15). Median duration of CR was 22.9 months. Unexpectedly, 11 of 17 CR (except one with bone marrow transplanted) relapsed after 4.2-41.4 months (median; 9.4), but 6 (35.3%) still remain in first CR for 30.5-72.9 months (median; 51.4). A long-term survival might be obtained by intensifying induction chemotherapy in about one fourth of patients, but the intensification or application of non-cross resistant anti-leukemic agents in post-remission therapy may be required to avoid relapses even if induction is intensified.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[The clinical significance of eosinophils in urine].

The clinical significance of eosinophils in urine was examined. Eosinophils were found in 9 out of 10 cases of interstitial cystitis, and there were more than 50 eosinophils in 50 fields in 6 of these cases. Although the number of eosinophils almost correlated with the number of leucocytes, the relationship between eosinophils and leucocytes in interstitial cystitis was different in acute and chronic cystitis. Since urinary eosinophils could be observed in cases of interstitial cystitis in which leucocytes were as low as 3 to 10 per field and the number of eosinophils was not decreased by chemotherapy, the urinary eosinophils in interstitial cystitis may be of allergic significance and reflect eosinophilic infiltration into the bladder wall.

Cystitis↗
PubMed1992

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia: establishment of a new cell line (MKPL-1) in vitro and in vivo.

A megakaryoblastic cell line (MKPL-1) was newly established from the bone marrow of an adult patient with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. This cell line grew in single cell suspension with a doubling time of 30 h and consisted of large primitive blasts with persistent development of giant cells carrying multilobed nuclei. MKPL-1 cells were positive for platelet GPIIb/IIIa (CD41) and GPIIIa (CD61), and expressed OKM5 (CD36), MY7 (CD13), and MY9 (CD33) antigens in the absence of erythroid and lymphoid markers. The cytochemical and morphologic characteristics of MKPL-1 were also consistent with those of megakaryoblasts. The cells did not, however, express ultrastructural platelet peroxidase which is considered to be another marker of the megakaryocytic lineage. Cytogenetic analysis of MKPL-1 revealed a model chromosome number of 92 with abnormal chromosomes including those found in the patient's bone marrow cells. Furthermore, MKPL-1 cells were serially transplanted into nude mice for nine passages with production of lethal tumors and leukemic manifestation. Thus, our megakaryoblastic cell line which can be maintained both in vitro and in vivo would be useful for further studies of the biology of megakaryopoiesis and megakaryoblastic leukemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Post-gastrectomized vitamin B12 deficient anemia with marked leukoerythroblastosis and ringed sideroblasts].

A 77 year-old man, who had received total gastrectomy and splenectomy 11 years ago for gastric cancer was transferred to our hospital because of severe macrocytic anemia. He had been treated with vitamin B1, B2, C and iron preparations for several weeks. Ten days before admission numbness developed in his legs. On physical examination he appeared severely anemic. Laboratory findings revealed severe macrocytic anemia with poikilocytosis, anisocytosis, polychromasia, red cell fragmentation, Howell-Jolly bodies, Cabot rings and marked erythroblastosis (421/100 WBC). Hypersegmented neutrophils and immature granulocytes were also seen in the blood. The bone marrow picture showed marked erythroid hyperplasia, but erythroblasts revealed only slight megaloblastic changes. On bone marrow iron staining all erythroblasts were classified as type III sideroblasts and 15% of them were ringed-form. Serum vitamin B12 was low (44 pg/ml). Methylcobalamin given intramuscularly led to the rapid improvement of all hematological abnormalities including leukoerythroblastosis. Two weeks after vitamin B12 administration, ringed sideroblasts could no longer be detected in the bone marrow. Post-gastrectomy vitamin B12 deficiency anemias combined with erythroblastosis and ringed sideroblasts is a rare condition. Splenectomy is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of these conditions.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

A chaperonin from a thermophilic bacterium, Thermus thermophilus, that controls refoldings of several thermophilic enzymes.

A chaperonin has been purified from a thermophilic bacterium, Thermus thermophilus. It consists of two kinds of proteins with approximate Mr 58,000 and 10,000 and shows a 7-fold rotational symmetry from the top view and a "football"-like shape from the side view under the electron microscopic view. Its weak ATPase activity is inhibited by sulfite and activated by bicarbonate. ATP causes change of its mobility in nondenaturating polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The T. thermophilus chaperonin can promote in vitro refolding of several guanidine HCl-denatured enzymes from thermophilic bacteria. At high temperatures above 60 degrees C, where the native enzymes are stable but their spontaneous refoldings upon dilution of guanidine HCl fail, the chaperonin induces productive refolding in an ATP-dependent manner. No or very poor refolding is induced when the chaperonin is added to the solution aged after dilution. An excess amount of the chaperonin is inhibitory for refolding. At middle temperatures (30-50 degrees C), where spontaneous refoldings of the enzymes occur, the chaperonin arrests refolding in the absence of ATP and refolding is induced when ATP is supplemented. At temperatures below 20 degrees C, where spontaneous refoldings also occur, the chaperonin arrests the refolding but ATP does not induce refolding.

3-Isopropylmalate Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1991

Structural organization of the pigment cell-specific gene located at the brown locus in mouse. Its promoter activity and alternatively spliced transcript.

The pigment cell-specific gene, located at the brown (b) locus in mouse, has been cloned and characterized. Its gene product is required for the formation of black melanin rather than brown, although its exact function remains to be elucidated. We thus tentatively named it b-locus protein in this report. The b-locus protein gene is about 18 kilobase pairs long and organized into 8 exons and 7 introns. Functional analysis of its promoter region suggests that the nucleotide residues -38/154 is sufficient to direct the pigment cell-specific transcription in melanoma whole cell extracts. On the other hand, we were unable to detect its transcripts in HeLa whole cell extracts. Sequence comparison with the promoter region of the tyrosinase gene, another pigment cell-specific gene, reveals that two elements of the b-locus protein gene (-33/-24 and 18/28) are also conserved in the tyrosinase gene at equivalent positions, suggesting that these two elements may be involved in their pigment cell-specific transcription. Furthermore, we have cloned a cDNA, pMT3, coding for an isoform of b-locus protein from a cDNA library of mouse B16 melanoma cells. Sequence analysis of pMT3 reveals a deletion of 103 base pairs, which corresponds to the 5'-end of the exon 8 of the b-locus protein gene, indicating that pMT3 represents a mRNA species generated by alternative splicing. Since this deletion changes the reading frame and eliminates the transmembrane domain of b-locus protein, the pMT3-type mRNA may code for a soluble isoform. Such an isoform, consisting of 553 amino acids, differs only in its carboxyl terminus and is larger than b-locus protein by 16 amino acids. Using transient expression assays, we confirmed that such an isoform is able to react with anti-b-locus protein monoclonal antibody, TMH-1, suggesting that a b-locus protein isoform may have some function in pigmentation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

D-lactate dehydrogenase is a member of the D-isomer-specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. Cloning, sequencing, and expression in Escherichia coli of the D-lactate dehydrogenase gene of Lactobacillus plantarum.

The gene encoding D-lactate dehydrogenase (D-lactate: NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.28) of Lactobacillus plantarum has been sequenced, and expressed in Escherichia coli cells with an inducible expression plasmid, in which the 5'-noncoding region of the gene was replaced with the tac promoter. Comparison of the sequence of D-lactate dehydrogenase with L-lactate dehydrogenases, including the L. plantarum L-lactate dehydrogenase, showed no significant homology. In contrast, the D-lactate dehydrogenase is homologous to E. coli D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase and Lactobacillus casei D-2-hydroxyisocaproate dehydrogenase. This indicates that D-lactate dehydrogenase is a member of a new family of 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenases recently proposed, being distinct from L-lactate dehydrogenase and L-malate dehydrogenase, and strongly suggests that the new family consists of D-isomer-stereospecific enzymes. In the reductive reaction, the enzyme showed a broad substrate specificity, although pyruvate was the most favorable of all 2-ketocarboxylic acids tested. In particular, hydroxypyruvate is effectively reduced by the enzyme, the reaction rate, and Km value being comparable to those in the case of pyruvate, indicating that the enzyme has not only D-lactate dehydrogenase activity but also D-glycerate dehydrogenase activity. The conserved residues in this family appear to be the residues involved in the substrate binding and the catalytic reaction, and thus to be targets for site-directed mutagenesis.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1991

Immunoglobulin prophylaxis against milkborne transmission of human T cell leukemia virus type I in rabbits.

Prophylactic effect of human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) immune globulin (HTLVIG) against milkborne transmission of HTLV-I was investigated in a rabbit model. Four litters (A-D: 7, 5, 7, and 7 offspring, respectively) born to an HTLV-I-infected rabbit were used. Litters A and D were allowed to grow normally as controls, while litters B and C were given weekly intraperitoneal inoculation of HTLVIG four times until weaning at 4.5 weeks of age. Only 1 (8.3%) of the 12 HTLVIG-inoculated rabbits, compared with 6 (42.9%) of the 14 control rabbits, seroconverted for HTLV-I. Gene amplification detected the presence of HTLV-I proviral sequences in all of the seroconverted but in none of the seronegative rabbits. These results suggest that passive immunization is effective in preventing dam-to-offspring transmission of HTLV-I.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Serologic and ultrasonographic parameters of praziquantel treatment of hepatic fibrosis in Schistosoma japonicum infection.

We describe the parameters useful in evaluating the development of hepatic fibrosis in Schistosoma japonicum infection, as well as its improvement after treatment with praziquantel (PZQ). Various serologic parameters and ultrasonographic images were examined, and their changes were monitored using rabbits infected with 200 or 300 cercariae of S. japonicum. Infected rabbits were administered one oral treatment of PZQ at a dosage of 100 mg/kg at 6, 12, or 24 weeks after infection. Histopathologic examinations revealed that PZQ had a strong and rapid effect, even on damage that developed long after the infection. The improvement of moderate hepatic fibrosis that developed over 24 weeks after infection was also detected by histopathologic examinations. The serum level of total bile acid was the most sensitive parameter in evaluating the severity of hepatic fibrosis and its improvement after treatment with PZQ. The level of serum procollagen-III-peptide was also useful in evaluating the development of hepatic fibrosis, but not in its improvement. Ultrasonography revealed specific echogenic bands and nodules according to the progress of granuloma formation and fibrosis, and the reversal of these changes could also be observed after treatment with PZQ.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1991

Image analysis by electron microscopy of two-dimensional crystals developed on a mercury surface of chaperonin from Thermus thermophilus.

Two-dimensional crystals of functional chaperonin molecules, which are protein complexes of cpn60 and cpn10, isolated from Thermus thermophilus were prepared on a mercury surface under oxygen atmosphere and were observed by electron microscope after transferring them to carbon coated specimen grids. The crystals showed the hexagonal lattice with unit cell dimensions of a = b = 12.4 nm and gamma = 120 degrees. The averaged image at a 3 nm resolution of the chaperonin has a doughnut-like shape which has seven peripheral masses and a central cavity. Preincubation of the chaperonin with MgATP changed the mobility in non-denaturating PAGE but did not cause distinguishable change of shape. The location of cpn10 in the chaperonin molecule is discussed.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1991

[A comparison of measurements of serum free thyroxine concentration by equilibrium dialysis and ultrafiltration using undiluted serum].

We have examined the clinical usefulness for free thyroxine (FT4) measurement by equilibrium dialysis of undiluted serum and by radio-immunoassay of T4 concentration in the dialysate (ED/RIA). The results were compared with those by ultrafiltration of undiluted serum (UF/RIA), which is believed to offer the best possible approach towards estimation of in vitro serum level of FT4. The precision with both methods was excellent. There was a high degree of correlation of FT4 concentration by both methods (r = 0.831, p less than 0.001, n = 99). FT4 concentration by ED/RIA and UF/RIA methods agreed well for hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, normal pregnancy, and for low T4-binding globulin concentration. In nonthyroidal illness (NTI), FT4 levels were all within or above normal for UF/ED method, while some FT4 values in low T4 syndrome were below normal for ED/RIA method. The effect of progressive serum dilution on FT4 concentration was also examined for both methods. There was no fall in FT4 concentration in sera from normal, hyperthyroid patient and in serum with low T4 syndrome for both methods, but in a serum from low T3 syndrome, there was a fall in FT4 concentration by dilution with UF/RIA method, indicating that serum dilution with ED/RIA method might underestimate FT4 concentration in some NTI sera. From these results it is concluded that the present ED/RIA method is adaptable to clinical laboratory use as a reference standard method for FT4 measurement.

Adult↗