Genistein suppresses cellular injury following hepatic ischemia/reperfusion.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
H Takamura
Publications and source records attributed to H Takamura.
[Analysis of the p16INK4, p15INK4B genes abnormality and the amplification of cyclin D1 gene in esophageal cancer].
To evaluate the prognostic significance of gene amplification and overexpression of cyclin D1 in the patients of esophageal squamous cancer, slot blot hybridization and immunohistochemical staining were performed. The patients with gene amplification or overexpression of cyclin D1 were significantly poorly prognosis than patients these were negative. And to investigate abnormality of p16 and p15 genes in 12 squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus, PCR and SSCP analysis were performed. In only one of 12 tumors, complete deletion of p16 and p15 genes was detected. But in other 11 tumors, no abnormality could be detected. Besides to evaluate the prognostic significance of expression of p16 in patients of esophageal squamous cancer, immunohistochemical staining for p16 was performed. The patients with overexpression of p16 were significantly better prognosis than patients that was negative, and this result was opposite contrast with the result of cyclin D1.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
Case report of a patient with multiple lesions of the stomach, including multiple cancers and an adenomatous polyp.
This paper describes an unusual case of an 80-year-old man followed up for multifocal gastric cancers. There were three separate polypoid carcinomas and one adenomatous polyp with no sign of malignancy. We measured the DNA content of the gastric cancer and adenomatous cells obtained from endoscopically biopsied specimens. The adenomatous polyp and one of the cancerous lesions showed DNA diploidy. The other two cancerous lesions showed DNA aneuploidy, with different DNA index (DI) values (1.12 and 1.64, respectively). It is considered that the three cancers arose from different stem lines. However, an operation was not performed because the patient refused gastrectomy, and therefore only conservative follow up has been continued. Presentation of this case is followed by a detailed discussion focusing on the possible development of carcinoma in gastric adenomatous polyps in view of the data from the literature.
Adenomatous Polyps↗
[Cauda equina cavernous hemangioma associated with hydrocephalus--case report].
Spinal cavernous hemangioma is rare, and it is extremely rare for cavernous hemangioma to develop in the cauda equina. There has been only one report of hydrocephalus associated with cavernous hemangioma in the cauda equina. We report a case of cavernous hemangioma in the cauda equina diagnosed on the basis of the headaches due to hydrocephalus. A 67-year-old man was being treated for Parkinson's disease because of tremor of both upper extremities for several years. In December 1991 he complained of occasional headaches. On February 15, 1992 the headaches became severe and frequent, with nausea and vomiting, and his gait became unsteady. Four days later he came to our hospital. Neurological examination revealed fine finger tremor and truncal ataxia. Computerized tomography scanning and magnetic resonance imaging of the head revealed ventricular enlargement, but there were no mass lesions obstructing the cerebrospinal fluid pathway. Lumbar puncture at the L3-L4 level yielded bloody cerebrospinal fluid, and the pressure had increased to 410 mmH2O. Cerebral angiography showed no abnormal findings. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine demonstrated an intradural tumor at the level of vertebral body L2. Spinal angiography showed no evidence of abnormal vascularity in the mass at the L2 level. On March 10, 1992, laminectomy at three levels, L1 to L3 was performed, and a well-defined blueberry-like intra-cauda equina tumor 1 cm. in diameter, was removed. One spinal nerve root passed through the tumor. The pathological diagnosis was cavernous hemangioma. After removal of the tumor, the patient's headaches improved, and a follow-up computerized tomography scan six months later showed normal ventricle size.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aged↗
[Comparison of the pattern of integrin expression between primary tumors and liver metastasis of gastric and colorectal cancers].
To investigate the interrelationship between integrin VLA3 overexpression and liver metastasis, immunohistochemical studies of VLA3 were made in 73 cases of gastric cancer (66 cases without liver metastasis, 7 cases with liver metastasis) and 15 cases of colorectal cancer (3 cases without liver metastasis, 12 cases with liver metastasis). The rate of integrin VLA3 expression in 69 primary gastric and colorectal cancers without liver metastasis was 41%, that was higher than that (0%) in the 19 primary tumors of gastric and colorectal cancers with liver metastasis. In contrast, the positive rate for integrin VLA3 staining in 19 cases involving liver metastasis of gastric and colorectal cancers was 58% (11/19), which was higher than that (0%) in primary tumors. These findings suggest that VLA3 may play an important role in the process of liver metastasis of gastric and colorectal cancers.
Colorectal Neoplasms↗
[Correlation of DNA ploidy, c-erB-2 protein tissue status, level of PCNA expression and clinical outcome in gastric carcinomas].
One-hundred and sixty-four patients with gastric carcinomas, who underwent gastrectomy during 1979-1985, were studied. The nuclear DNA contents were measured by cytofluorometry, and immunohistochemical study on the expression of c-erbB-2 protein was performed using a monoclonal antibody against the c-erbB-2 oncogene product. Furthermore immunohistochemical detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was performed using a monoclonal antibody against the PCNA. The patients with aneuploid tumor had a significantly worse prognosis than those with diploid tumor. The group with positive staining for c-erbB-2 had a significantly worse prognosis than negative one. The higher group of PCNA indices had a worse prognosis. The patients with tumor showing both aneuploid and positive staining for c-erbB-2 tissue status and PCNA indices. But no correlation was formed between c-erbB-2 tissue status, PCNA indices and DNA contents. From these results, it can be concluded that DNA ploidy, c-erbB-2 protein, and PCNA may reflect the malignant potential of gastric carcinoma.
Aneuploidy↗
Spontaneously perforated pyometra presenting as diffuse peritonitis: report of a case.
We report herein a rare case of spontaneously perforated pyometra found in a 72-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital with abdominal pain and vomiting. A distended abdomen with muscular rigidity, a positive Blumberg sign, and a WBC count of 11,900/mm3 indicated diffuse peritonitis, although a plain abdominal X-ray film revealed no free air in the peritoneal cavity. An emergency laparotomy was performed, which revealed a lot of pus, and perforation in the fundus of a distended uterus. The patient was therefore diagnosed as having suffered uterine perforation associating with a pyometra, and a total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was carried out. Histological examination revealed a pyometra with inflammation and destruction of the endometrium and myometrium, and cervical occlusion with no evidence of malignancy. Postoperatively, the patient developed a subcutaneous abscess and pneumonia, but recovered and was discharged on the 74th day after her operation. Thus, although rare, spontaneously perforated pyometra should be considered when elderly women present with acute abdominal symptoms.
Aged↗
[Immunohistological study of the nasal mucosa in latent allergic patients].
We studied the distribution of T lymphocyte subpopulations and EG2 positive cells in the inferior turbinates of subjects with latent nasal allergy by use of an immunohistochemical procedure. Five patients who had a positive skin test for house dust and one who had a positive skin test for Japanese cedar were studied. The specimens were frozen at -70 degrees C and sliced at 4 microns with a cryostat. The peroxidaseantiperoxidase method with monoclonal antibodies (CD4, CD8, EG2) was used to detect T lymphocyte subpopulations and activated eosinophils. Finally, the specimens were counterstained with Mayer's Hematoxylin. CD4 positive cells and CD8 positive cells were found mainly in the superficial layer of the lamina propria. In every subject, the number of CD4 positive cells dominated that of CD8 positive cells in the lamina propria. The ratio of CD4 positive cells to CD8 positive cells was 1.93, on average. This ratio was lower than the ratio typical of nasal allergy, but higher than the ratio of non-allergic normal controls. Though the number of EG2 positive cells was lower than the number typical of nasal allergy, EG2 positive cells were observed in every case. We speculate that latent nasal allergic reactions may develop in the inferior turbinates.
Adult↗
[Immunohistochemical study of inferior turbinate of nasal allergy with reference to eosinophils].
The number and distribution of EG1 positive cells, EG2 positive cells, MBP positive cells and EPO positive cells of the nasal mucosa were studied in nasal allergy. The correlation between the EG2 positive cells and subjective symptoms, the number of eosinophils in serum, the number of eosinophils in nasal secretion, the serum IgE level and the RAST score was studied. Subjects for EG2 were 13 males and 7 females ranging from 10 to 43 years of age, for EG1 they were 2 males and 3 females ranging from 18 to 43 years of age, and for MBP and EPO they were 3 males and 2 females ranging from 10 to 43 years of age. The specimens from inferior turbinates were frozen at -70 degrees C and sliced at a thickness of 4 microns by cryostat. Monoclonal antibodies and peroxidase-antiperoxidase staining (DAKO) were used to detect these cells. EG1 positive cells, EG2 positive cells, MBP positive cells and EPO positive cells were found mainly in the superficial layer, with some in the epithelial layer. However, damage to the epithelium was not related to the infiltration of EG2. No damage to the basement membrane was found. The number and distribution of EG1 positive cells and EG2 positive cells were almost the same. This means that eosinophils seen in the nasal mucosa have been activated. The number of EG2 positive cells was well correlated with the degree of nasal obstruction and serum IgE level. From the results, activated eosinophils were thought to be related to the late phase response of nasal allergy.
Adolescent↗
Lymph node metastases from carcinoma of the gastric stump.
The incidence of metastases from gastric stump cancer to various regional lymph node stations was studied after meticulous node dissection in 87 patients, who had undergone curative resection. Fifty-five (63%) patients had microscopically involved nodes. The incidence of node metastases varied between 17% and 30% in the perigastric nodes (n 1), with the same incidence in second-station lymph nodes (n 2; nodes along the left gastric, common hepatic and splenic artery, or nodes at the splenic hilus) With respect to third-station lymph nodes (n 3), metastases in nodes in the hepatoduodenal ligament (No 12) and retropancreatic nodes (No 13) were found only in 2% and 8% of the cases, respectively, but there was a high incidence of metastases (14/54, 31%) in the nodes along the mesenteric root. The overall 5-year survival rate was 48% and those for n 1 and n 2 patients were 78%, and 41%, respectively. With regard to the third level lymph node station, no 5-year survivors were seen when there was nodal involvement in node station No. 12 or No. 13. However, involvement of nodes at the root of the mesentery was associated with a 5-year survival rate of 25%. These results suggest that resection of the second level lymph nodes station must be combined with total gastrectomy and distal pancreatectomy, and that the resection of the mesenteric root is very important in patients with a tumor invading the jejunum.
Female↗
[A clinicopathological study of malignant lymphoma in the orbital region and other sites].
I report a clinicopathological study of 226 cases of malignant lymphomas treated at Yamagata University Hospital during a period of 16 years. The most common site was the lymph nodes. The next most common sites were the pharynx-tonsils, gastro-intestinal tract, and skin. The median age of all patients was 55.0 years and the male-to-female ratio was 3:2. Histopathological study showed that 12 cases were Hodgkin's disease and 174 cases were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and in the latter group, diffuse large cell type was the most common. The cases that had a high grade of malignancy and were in an advanced clinical stage had a relatively poor prognosis. The patients with primary orbital malignant lymphoma were eight. Their median age was 69.8 years and the male-to-female ratio was 5:3. Histopathologically, there were 4 cases of small lymphocytic lymphoma and 4 of diffuse small cleaved cell lymphoma. Seven patients were in clinical stage I and one in stage IV. All of them had a favorable prognosis. The reasons for the favorable prognosis were, (1) orbital lymphoma was extranodal and metastasized lymph nodes were rare, (2) histopathological findings showed low or intermediate grade malignancy, and (3) orbital lymphoma can be found and treated at an early stage.
Adult↗
DNA ploidy and helix pomatia lectin binding as predictors of regional lymph node metastases and prognostic factors in breast cancer.
This study was designed to evaluate whether DNA ploidy and/or Helix pomatia lectin (HPA) staining would be useful for predicting regional lymph node metastases and patients' prognosis in 106 patients with invasive breast cancer. The combination of DNA ploidy and HPA staining correlated better with regional lymph node metastases than DNA aneuploidy or HPA staining alone. DNA ploidy and HPA staining in combination correlated strongly with overall and disease-free survival by univariate analysis. However, the prognostic significance of DNA ploidy and HPA staining in combination was lost in multivariate analysis when regional lymph node metastases were introduced into the models. This emphasized the relationship in survival between regional lymph node metastases and the combination of DNA ploidy and HPA staining. We therefore concluded that the combination of DNA ploidy and HPA staining might provide prognostic information for breast cancer patients in whom regional lymph node dissection has not been performed.
Adult↗
A case report of resected primary duodenal carcinoma associated with early gastric cancer and cumulative results at 21 institutions in Japan.
A case of primary duodenal carcinoma simultaneously associated with an early gastric cancer is reported. A 72-year-old woman complaining of appetite loss and nausea was admitted in June 1988. Endoscopic examination showed an ulcerative lesion in the angle of the stomach and a Borrmann type 2 tumor in the bulb of the duodenum. Both lesions were revealed to be adenocarcinomas by histological examination of obtained biopsy specimens. Synchronous carcinoma was diagnosed and pancreatoduodenectomy and lymph node dissection were performed. The primary tumor of the duodenum was histologically a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, and the gastric cancer was a tumor limited to the mucosa. Metastasis was recognized in a regional lymph node (No. 14A). There has been no recurrence during the 4-year postoperative follow-up period. This result suggests that pancreatoduodenectomy with systematic regional lymph node dissection can greatly contribute to prolonging the survival of patients with advanced duodenal cancer. This case is very rare, in that curative operation was performed for a primary duodenal carcinoma simultaneously associated with an early gastric cancer.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Immunohistologic study of the nasal mucosa with reference to Langerhans cells].
The distribution of Langerhans cells in human oral mucosa, nasal mucosa and nasal polyps was studied by means of immunohistochemistry. Our study involved 35 participants. The specimens were frozen to -70 degrees C and sliced at 4 microns with a cryostat. Monoclonal antibodies CD1 (OKT6) and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase staining method were used to detect Langerhans cells. In the oral mucosa and the nasal vestibule lined with stratified squamous epithelium, CD1 positive cells were observed and these cells were dendric in form. The cells were found mainly from the intermediate layer to the deep layer of the epithelium. In the inferior turbinate lined with ciliated epithelium, we could not find any CD1 positive cells at all. The nasal polyps in some cases had a normal ciliated columnar epithelium while others had metaplastic stratified squamous epithelium. Both types of epithelium in the same polyp were noted on some occasions. In nasal polyps, CD1 positive cells which showed dendric form were found in the metaplastic squamous epithelium only, and could not be observed in the ciliated columnar epithelium at all. Based on the above results, the presence of Langerhans cells is confirmed not by the anatomical location but by the type of epithelium. Langerhans cells could be detected only in the squamous epithelium. Keratinocytes, which constitute the squamous epithelium, are known to release cytokines. IL-1 (interleukin-1) and GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor) released from keratinocytes are thought to influence the viability and function of Langerhans cells. The migration of Langerhans cells into squamous epithelium may be regulated by cytokines released from keratinocytes.
Adolescent↗
[Immunohistological study of eosinophilic infiltration of nasal polyps in aspirin-induced asthma].
It is well known that nasal polyps frequently develop in patients with aspirin-induced asthma, which is thought to be a non-atopic disease. We immunohistochemically examined the eosinophils infiltrating the nasal polyps in patients with aspirin-induced asthma. It has also been established that the monoclonal antibody EG1 reacts with both stored and secretion type ECP (eosinophil cationic protein), and that EG2 reacts only with the secretion type of ECP. EG2 positive cells may thus be considered to be activated eosinophils. Seven cases with nasal polyps associated with aspirin-induced asthma participated in our study. Blood eosinophilia was observed in all 7 cases, but 6 showed normal blood values IgE. Two reacted to house dust antigen, on skin tests and RAST. In the nasal polyps, many EG2 positive cells were observed. On serial sections, the number and distribution of EG1 and EG2 positive cells were almost equal. In the superficial lamina propria, extra-cellular release of ECP was noted. However, epithelial damage did not relate to the number of EG2 positive cells or the degree of extra-cellular EG2 release. In the deep lamina propria, slight extra-cellular ECP release was found. From these results, the eosinophils in nasal polyps accompanying aspirin-induced asthma were thought to be activated. Eosinophils seem to play an important role in the development of nasal polyps. However, tissue injury induced by eosinophils, was not be demonstrated in this study.
Adult↗
[Correlation of DNA ploidy, c-erbB-2 protein tissue status, level of PCNA expression and clinical outcome in gastric carcinomas].
One-hundred and sixty-four patients with gastric carcinomas, who underwent gastrectomy during 1979-1985, were studied. Sixty-five of these cases were early gastric carcinomas, and the others were advanced gastric carcinomas, and the others were advanced gastric carcinomas. The nuclear DNA contents were measured by cytofluorometry, and immunohistochemical study on the expression of c-erbB-2 protein was performed using a monoclonal antibody against the c-erbB-2 oncogene product. Furthermore, immunohistochemical detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was performed using a monoclonal antibody against the PCNA. The rates of positive invasion beyond submucosal layer, lymphatic invasion, and vascular invasion in aneuploid cases were significantly higher than those in diploid ones, and the patients with aneuploid tumor had a significantly worse prognosis than those with diploid tumor. The rates of positive lymph node metastases and invasion beyond submucosal layer in the group with positive staining of the c-erbB-2 protein was significantly higher than in the negative group, and the group with positive staining for c-erbB-2 had a significantly worse prognosis than the negative one. PCNA indices showed a significant correlation with lymph node metastasis, and the group with higher PCNA indices had a worse prognosis. The patients with tumor showing both aneuploid and positive staining for c-erbB-2 protein, had the worst prognosis. There is a relationship between c-erbB-2 tissue status and PCNA indices, but no correlations were found among c-erbB-2 tissue status, PCNA indices and DNA contents. From these results, it can be concluded that DNA ploidy, c-erbB-2 protein, and PCNA may reflect the malignant potential of gastric carcinoma.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Foramen magnum decompression with removal of the outer layer of the dura as treatment for syringomyelia occurring with Chiari I malformation.
The surgical results of foramen magnum decompression in seven patients with syringomyelia associated with Chiari I malformations are reported. The patients were two men and five women, ranging in age from 23 to 54 years (mean, 30 yr). A bony foramen magnum decompression combined with the removal of the outer layer of the dura mater was performed in seven patients. In an average postoperative follow-up period of 2 years (range, 1-3 yr), neurological symptoms and signs improved in six of seven patients and were unchanged in one patient. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging scans taken a few weeks after surgery showed a decrease in the size of the syrinx or a disappearance of the syrinx in five of seven patients; a few months were required for a similar reduction in the remaining two patients. In all seven patients, the decompression of the foramen magnum proved to be sufficient, as disclosed by postoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Foramen magnum decompression by our surgical technique is advantageous because all the procedures are extradural and there are, therefore, fewer postoperative complications than the foramen magnum decompression techniques previously reported. Foramen magnum decompression by the authors' surgical technique is effective as the initial surgical treatment for syringomyelia associated with Chiari I malformations.
Adult↗
[Preoperative prediction of gastric cancer development by in vitro labelling index of bromodeoxyuridine].
In vitro labelling index (L.I.) of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was evaluated as a preoperative predictor of gastric cancer development. Biopsy specimens were obtained endoscopically from 187 gastric cancer patients preoperatively. Specimens were incubated in RPMI containing BrdU under carbogen gas at 3 times atmospheric pressure. They were fixed and embedded in paraffin. After slicing and dewaxing, they were denatured in 2N HCl. Then BrdU were stained by ABC method and labelling index was calculated. Patients with L.I. more than 10% had a significantly higher risk of lymph node involvement (p < 0.001) and venous invasion (p < 0.05). Those with L.I. more than 20% had a significantly higher risk of liver metastasis (p < 0.01), while patients with L.I. more than 25% had a significantly higher risk of submucosal invasion (p < 0.01). In conclusion in vitro BrdU labelling is a technique available as a preoperative predictor of node involvement, venous invasion, submucosal invasion and prognosis in gastric cancer.
Bromodeoxyuridine↗