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Biomedical subjects

H Takao

Publications and source records attributed to H Takao.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Evaluation of an automated system for temporal subtraction of thin-section thoracic CT.

The purpose of this study was to objectively evaluate the registration accuracy of an automated temporal subtraction system of thin-section thoracic CT. The automated subtraction system was applied to data from 20 subjects with lung diseases. The registration accuracy was evaluated based on the concept of target registration error using 19 landmarks chosen at the bifurcations of segmental bronchi. The landmarks were identified, and the displacements of the landmarks were measured. The average displacements of the landmarks in x, y and z directions were 0.56 pixels+/-0.64 (SD), 0.56 pixels+/-0.62 (SD, standard deviation) and 0.28 sections+/-0.40 (SD), respectively. Differences in average displacements between the landmarks were not statistically significant. Our computer system demonstrated promising results. The average displacements of the landmarks were less than the dimensions of a voxel. Further study is necessary to determine whether such a computer system can improve the diagnostic performance of radiologists.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Biosynthetic studies on the cyclopentane ring formation of allosamizoline, an aminocyclitol component of the chitinase inhibitor allosamidin.

Allosamizoline (1) is an aminocyclitol component of allosamidin, a Streptomyces metabolite, and has a cyclopentane ring originated from D-glucosamine. Biosynthesis of the cyclopentane ring was studied by feeding experiments with a variety of deuterium-labeled glucosamine and glucose. In the feeding experiments with [3-(2)H]- and [4-(2)H]-D-glucosamine and [1-(2)H]-D-glucose, deuterium was incorporated into C-3, C-4, and C-1 of 1, respectively. On the other hand, feeding experiments with [5-(2)H]- and [6,6-(2)H(2)]-D-glucosamine showed that deuterium on C-5 and one of the two deuterium atoms on C-6 of glucosamine were lost during the cyclopentane ring formation of 1. In the feeding experiments with (6R)- and (6S)-[6-(2)H(1)]-D-glucose, the (6R)-deuterium of glucose was incorporated into the proS position on C-6 of 1, but the (6S)-deuterium of glucose was not incorporated into 1. These results suggested that an intermediate with a 6-aldehyde group is involved in the biosynthesis of the cyclopentane ring moiety of 1 and overall inversion of stereochemistry of the C-6 methylene group occurred by stereospecific oxidation and reduction on C-6 during the formation of 1. The 6-aldehyde intermediate may play a key role in the biosynthetic step(s) of cyclization to form the cyclopentane ring and/or deoxygenation at C-5.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed2001

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma arising 10 years after the excision of congenital extrahepatic biliary dilation.

A 52-year-old woman was found to have a liver tumor during treatment for a liver abscess. The tumor was diagnosed as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by closer examinations, including a percutaneous needle biopsy. Ten years previously, she had undergone excision of a choledochal cyst, with reconstruction by Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy, as treatment for Todani's type Ia congenital biliary dilation, which had been confined only to the extrahepatic bile duct. The significant association between congenital biliary dilation and hepatobiliary malignancies is well known. Some patients have been reported to develop biliary cancer long after the excision of the entire extrahepatic bile duct and hepaticoenterostomy. However, in these patients, the development mostly took place in the remnant choledochal cyst, the anastomotic site, or in the dilated intrahepatic bile duct of Todani's type IV-A congenital biliary dilation. The development of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after operation has not been reported previously in a patient with Todani's type I congenital biliary dilation. This case suggests that the entire biliary tree may have a high risk of field cancerization, even in extrahepatic congenital biliary dilation.

Bile Duct Diseases↗
PubMed2001

Usefulness of MR imaging in the postsurgical monitoring of gallbladder cancer in a patient with bile duct cancer that developed 7 years after resection of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder.

We encountered a case of left hepatic duct cancer that developed 7 years after surgical resection of early-stage adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder. A 65-year-old woman was hospitalized with high fever and general fatigue. She also had elevated serum levels of alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, and carbohydrate antigen 19-9. Seven years earlier, she had undergone extended cholecystectomy and resection of the extrahepatic bile duct for early-stage mucinous adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder. Conventional examinations did not reveal any responsible lesions. Magnetic resonance (MR) cholangiography, however, showed a tumor obstructing the left hepatic duct, and dynamic MR images revealed multiple foci of bacterial abscess in the liver. Surgically resected tissue again revealed mucinous adenocarcinoma. The present case is rare in that metachronous mucinous adenocarcinoma of the biliary system occurred after a long interval. This case suggests the usefulness of MR imaging in the postsurgical monitoring of patients with gallbladder carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed2001

[Total removal of infected pacemaker lead under cardiopulmonary bypass in a case of endocarditis, bacteremia and lung abscess].

A 60-year-old man, who had undergone implantation of a transvenous pacemaker system on the left chest wall for sick sinus syndrome 19 years ago, was admitted because of endocarditis with septicemia and lung abscess 2 months after reimplantation of the generator. His blood culture revealed Staphylococcus aureus. Following debridement of the infected pacemaker pocket and antibiotics therapy, we tried to remove the pacemaker system under cardiopulmonary bypass 1 month after admission. In intraoperative inspection, the electrodes had become firmly encased with fibrous tissue within the tricuspid valve and the right ventricle. After the operation, antibiotic therapy was performed for 4 weeks. His postoperative course was uneventful. Patients with pacemaker infection should undergo aggressive total removal of the pacemaker system, particularly incase with endocarditis and bacteremia.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed2001

[Therapeutic effect of multimodal therapy, such as cryosurgery, locoregional immunotherapy and systemic chemotherapy against far advanced breast cancer].

A total of 6 breast cancer patients, 5 with local recurrent tumors on their anterior chest wall and 1 with far advanced primary breast tumor, underwent multimodal therapy in which cryosurgery was performed in combination with local injection of the non-specific immunopotentiator OK-432. This multimodal therapy was repeated as many times as possible. In addition, 3 patients whose general condition was relatively good were treated with mild chemotherapy. In every patient who underwent cryosurgery combined with locoregional immunotherapy, eradication or reduction of tumor was observed for several months. Of 3 patients who underwent cryosurgery, locoregional immunotherapy and systemic chemotherapy, the tumor burden decreased markedly in 2 patients and rapid tumor growth was suppressed in 1 patient, even though the diameter of tumor was over 5 cm in all cases. There were no side effects caused by either cryosurgery or locoregional immunotherapy. Little toxicity was observed throughout the mild chemotherapy. These results indicated that cryosurgery in combination with local injection of OK-432 should be a feasible modality against unresectable breast cancer on the chest wall, and that this therapeutic effect might be augmented by mild chemotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

The C-ring problem of sterol biosynthesis: TiCl(4)-induced rearrangement into the anti-Markovnikov cation corresponding to the C-ring.

[reaction: see text] Cation 9, generated by the reaction of diol 8 and BF(3).Et(2)O, SnCl(4), Sc(OTf)(3), FeCl(3), TiF(4), or CF(3)SO(3)H, leads to a hydride shift, providing cation 11, which corresponds to the initiation of backbone rearrangement. On the other hand, TiCl(4) selectively induces rearrangement to secondary cation 13 by ring expansion, which corresponds to the C-ring formation of sterol biosynthesis. AlCl(3) and ZrCl(4) induce further rearrangement into six-membered ring tert-cation 16.

Cations↗
PubMed2000

[Surgical anatomy of the hepatic hilar area].

It is important to understand the main variations of the biliary and vascular elements inside the plate system for hilar bile duct carcinoma because all variations of these elements occur in this plate system. The plate system consists of the hilar plate, cystic plate, and umbilical plate which cover the extrahepatic vascular system and are fused with the hepatoduodenal ligament. The bile duct and vascular system that penetrate the plate system form Glisson's capsule in the liver, but the caudate branch and the medial segmental branch are exceptions. The bile duct and hepatic artery accompanying the plate system can be exfoliated from the portal vein with numerous lymph ducts and nerves. The bile ducts in the right hepatic lobe are classified into 4 types, and the standard type is present in 53-72% of cases. In the left bile duct, the medial segmental bile duct is connected in the vicinity of the hilar area in 35.5% of cases, and these cases should be treated the same as the caudate lobe in hilar bile duct carcinoma. Generally, there is little main variation of the portal vein (16-26%), but more variation in the hepatic artery (31-33%). During surgery for hilar bile duct carcinoma, it is important to observe the plate system and the many variations of the bile duct and vascular system.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMed1999

Estimation of normal heart weight in Japanese subjects: development of a simplified normal heart weight scale.

To estimate cardiac workload from total heart weight (HW) in persons who have died suddenly, standards of normal HW must be established. We present standards of normal HW for Japanese subjects and propose a simplified scale for calculating normal HW from body height (BH) and body weight (BW). A total of 830 persons (506 male and 324 female) who had died suddenly of unnatural causes were selected for analysis from among persons examined at forensic autopsy at the Jikei University School of Medicine. The HW, BH and BW of each subject were measured. Body surface area (BSA) in square meters was calculated from BH in centimeters and BW in kilograms with Takahira's equation. We found allometric relations between HW and BSA represented by these equations: HW=BSA(1.441) x 168.200 for males and HW=BSA(1.367) x 161.970 for females. For practical use, we developed a simplified scale with which normal HW can be easily and quickly calculated from BH and BW. Our simple technique can be used to estimate normal HW in routine autopsy practice.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

[Clinical evaluation of intermittent hepatic arterial infusion therapy with CDDP and 5-FU for liver metastasis of colorectal cancer].

Twenty-seven patients with liver metastasis from colorectal cancer were treated with intermittent intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy for 5 years starting from 1993. Five to ten mg of CDDP, 250 mg of 5-FU and/or 3-6 mg of Leucovorin were administered weekly. In the case of nonresponders, the dose of 5-FU was allowed to increase toward 500 mg. The above schedule was repeated as long as possible. The average number of administrations in 12 out of 27 unresectable patients was 28.7. The response rate was 50% (CR; 4 cases, PR; 2), with 2 NC and 3 PD. Four patients given 500 mg of 5-FU showed some response. The 50% survival period was 466 days, and the 1- and 3-year survival rates were 66.7% and 18.3%, respectively. The average number of administrations in the group of patients who underwent prophylactic treatment and resection of the metastasis was 33.1. During an average observational period 681 days, 7 patients (46.7%) had a recurrence in the liver. The 5-year survival rate was 85.7%. The patients who were treated with 250 mg 5-FU experienced no severe side effects, but one who was given 500 mg 5-FU developed a duodenal ulcer.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Symbolic meanings of island in dreams.

Six dreams reported from neurotic patients in the therapy of Jungian analysis are presented to illustrate the symbolic meanings of islands in dreams. The island in dreams symbolizes (i) the entrance point into Jungian analysis, (ii) a complex in which a dreamer has got involved and (iii) the beginning of the newly organized ego consciousness. The multiple meanings of islands are suggested to originate from several levels of the unconscious from which the identical symbol of island comes from.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical evaluation of intermittent hepatic arterial infusion therapy for metastatic liver tumor of gastric and colorectal cancer].

Eleven patients with liver metastasis from gastric cancer were treated by intermittent arterial infusion using OK-432 and recombinant IL-2 in combination with anticancer drugs. The direct effects for liver metastasis were PR 3 (response rate 30%), MR 2, NC 3, PD 1 and NE 1. Papillary adenocarcinoma showed a highly effective rate. The mean survival period was 326 days and the 50% survival period was 318 days. Out of 4 patients who underwent surgical resection for metastatic liver tumor, one showed recurrence, and the other is now healthy without any sign of recurrence for 8 years after the operation. In 7 patients with liver metastasis from colorectal cancer, intermittent arterial infusion therapy using Leucovorin, CDDP and 5-FU was performed. The direct effects were CR 2, PR 1, MR 1, PD 2, NE 1; the mean survival period was 478 days, and the 50% survival period 556 days. Out of 8 patients who underwent liver resection for metastasis, all patients remained alive for 687 mean survival days without liver recurrence. No severe side effects were noted in either therapy.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1997

Clinical study of the relationship between cytological behavior and postoperative prognosis in colorectal cancer cases with special reference to nuclear DNA content and nucleolar organizer regions.

BACKGROUND: We studied the usefulness of nuclear DNA patterns and argyrophylic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) for evaluating the malignant potential of colorectal cancers, which is increasingly being regarded as important in predicting patients' prognosis and for their appropriate postoperative management. METHODS: We measured these two factors in curatively resected specimens of 91 colorectal cancer cases, which were followed up for 1,549 +/- 788 days postoperatively. Ploidy pattern was either diploid or aneuploid, and AgNORs score was either low (LS) or high (HS). Thus, we classified our cases into Group I (diploid, LS). Group II (aneuploid, LS), Group III (diploid, HS), and Group IV (aneuploid, HS). Postoperative survival curves in the cases belonging to these groups were analyzed. RESULTS: Survival rates in Groups I and II were significantly higher than those in Group IV. Correlation between subgroups and clinicopathological factors such as average age, histologic type, depth of invasion, and histologic stage were observed. Incidence of lymph node metastasis at the time of operation and that of postoperative recurrence were higher in group IV than that in groups I and II. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of DNA ploidy patterns and AgNORs score were found to be useful in evaluating malignant potential of colorectal cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Cystic glucagonoma with loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 11 in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.

A 52-year-old man with a past history of a pituitary adenoma and hyperparathyroidism due to a parathyroid adenoma was admitted because of a solitary tumour of the pancreas revealed by ultrasonography. His family history was unremarkable. Plasma glucagon levels were slightly elevated (280 ng/l, normal range, 40-180 ng/l) with decreased plasma amino acid levels. Plasma glucagon levels disclosed an exaggerated response during an arginine infusion test and paradoxical elevation during a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed a monolocular cystic mass of about 3 cm in diameter in the body of the pancreas. A pancreatic tumour was diagnosed before surgery as a cystic glucagonoma. Intra-operative ultrasonography showed one cystic mass in the body of pancreas and two other solid tumours, about 1 cm and 0.5 cm in diameter, in the tail of the pancreas. Histologically, all three tumours showed neoplastic epithelial cells with round nuclei forming cords and/or a ribbon-like arrangement. They showed positive staining for Grimelius' silver stain and immunopositive cells for glucagon. Genetic analysis of the main cystic tumour revealed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 11. After the operation, the responses of plasma glucagon to arginine infusion and oral glucose became normal. Here we describe the usefulness of these provocation tests for early diagnosis and post-operative follow-up in a rare cystic glucagonoma associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1) which had LOH on chromosome 11.

Arginine↗
PubMed1997

beta-Glucosidase in the indigo plant: intracellular localization and tissue specific expression in leaves.

beta-Glucosidase of indigo plant (Polygonum tinctorium) has a high substrate specificity for indican (indoxyl beta-D-glucoside). To examine the localization of this beta-glucosidase, we fractionated the cells of the leaves and analysed them immunocytochemically. Immunoelectron micrographs with specific antibodies against the beta-glucosidase clearly showed that the beta-glucosidase was localized in the stroma of the chloroplasts in mesophyll cells, but not in the thylakoid membrane. Chloroplasts were isolated from the crude homogenate of the fresh leaves by Percoll density gradient centrifugation and then subjected to suborganellar fractionation. beta-Glucosidase activity was specifically detected in the stromal fraction, but not in the thylakoid membrane. This was also supported by the result of an immunoblot of the fraction with anti-beta-glucosidase antibodies. The beta-glucosidase was immunocytochemically localized in the chloroplasts of mesophyll cells, but not in any chloroplasts in marginal cells of the vascular bundle or epidermal cells; ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco), a typical stromal protein, was observed in all chloroplasts in these cells. These results suggest that beta-glucosidase is tissue specific in its expression in the leaves of the indigo plant.

Plant Leaves↗