Biomedical subjects

H Takeda

Publications and source records attributed to H Takeda.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

A POU-domain gene of zebrafish, ZFPOU1, specifically expressed in the developing neural tissues.

We have isolated a POU domain-containing cDNA (ZFPOU1) from a cDNA library of zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio). The ZFPOU1 cDNA contained an open reading frame encoding a 425 amino acid peptide. The conserved POU domain was located near the carboxy terminus. The deduced amino acid sequence of the reading frame was most similar to that of the mouse class III POU-domain gene, Brain-1. Northern blot analysis revealed that the ZFPOU1 transcripts first appeared at the early neurula stage of embryogenesis and transiently increased thereafter. A significant level of expression, however, was not found in adult tissues except in the brain. In situ hybridization analysis demonstrated that the ZFPOU1 transcripts were localized in the neural tissues of embryos, but not in mesodermal, endodermal or ectodermal tissues. In adult zebrafish, the ZFPOU1 transcripts were detected in the restricted regions of the brain. Spatial and temporal expression patterns suggest that ZFPOU1 has distinct roles in the early neural development of zebrafish.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1992

An immunohistochemical study with an estrogen receptor-related protein (ER-D5) in human colorectal cancer.

The ER-D5 antigen is a protein associated with the estrogen receptor that is present only in estrogen receptor-positive tissues. To clarify the estrogen receptor in colon cancer, the localization of ER-D5 was studied immunohistochemically. Forty-three of 171 (25.1%) specimens of colon cancer showed reactivity for ER-D5. Reactivity was seen only in the cytoplasm. No reactivity was seen in cancer limited to the mucosa or in adenoma, but submucosal cancers showed a rate of positivity similar to cancers that involved lamina muscularis and beyond. Estradiol staining was done on serial sections from 56 specimens. There was a significant relationship between reactivity for estradiol and that for ER-D5. In the 15 specimens where both ER-D5 and estradiol were positive, the distribution of estradiol was similar to that of ER-D5. It was concluded that the immunohistochemical localization of ER-D5 indirectly shows that of the estrogen receptor in colorectal cancer tissues.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1992

[Reevaluation of US and CT findings in adult intussusception].

Computed tomographic (CT) and ultrasonographic (US) findings of 10 adult patients with 11 intussusceptions were retrospectively analyzed. Through close scrutiny of wall structures of intussusceptums and mesenteric fat, new features of adult intussusceptions were found: 1. The returning walls were thicker than the entering walls in 10 of 11 intussusceptums. 2. The neck of the returning wall was thicker than its head in eight of nine intussusceptums. 3. Longitudinal compression of the wall and venous congestion resulting from an inside out turning of the wall structure were thought to be the cause of thickening of the returning wall. 4. Invaginated mesenteric fat tended to be located at the head (apex) in two of seven intussusceptions, making differentiation from intussusception caused by lipoma difficult. 5. The leading masses were detectable as apical soft tissue density masses in eight of 10 intussusceptions. These findings contradict those of previous reports on adult intussusceptions.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Relationship of Helicobacter pylori to serum pepsinogens in an asymptomatic Japanese population.

A seroepidemiologic study of the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Japan was performed, and the relationship between serum pepsinogen I and II levels (markers of gastritis and gastric atrophy) and H. pylori infection was investigated. Four hundred and eighteen asymptomatic children and adults were studied. The prevalence of anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin G antibody increased with age. For persons born after 1950, the frequency of H. pylori infection increased at approximately 1% per year; for those born before 1950 the prevalence was high (70%-80%) and relatively constant. Serum pepsinogen I and II levels were significantly higher in H. pylori-infected volunteers than in H. pylori-uninfected volunteers [51.6 +/- 3 vs. 42.9 +/- 2 ng/mL (P less than 0.05) for pepsinogen I; 16.0 +/- 1 vs. 7.5 +/- 0.8 ng/mL (P less than 0.001) for pepsinogen II]. The ratio of pepsinogen I to pepsinogen II was significantly lower in H. pylori-infected volunteers (3.5 +/- 0.2) than in uninfected volunteers (6.3 +/- 0.3; P less than 0.001). The apparent decrease in prevalence of H. pylori accompanying the Westernization of Japan may eventually be accompanied by a reduction in the frequency of atrophic gastritis, the precursor lesion of the epidemic form of gastric carcinoma, and ultimately result in a decrease in the incidence of gastric carcinoma in Japan.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Cerebral microcirculatory changes during and following transient ventricular tachycardia in cats.

Although reduced cerebral perfusion is believed to be the cause of syncope due to cardiac arrhythmias, investigations on the cerebral microcirculation during cardiac arrhythmias have been rare. We therefore studied the effects of transient ventricular tachycardia on the local cerebral blood volume and blood flow. Experimental ventricular tachycardia was induced in cats by electrically stimulating the ventricle of the heart at a rate of 300/min for 1 min. Using our photoelectric method, the local cerebral blood volume, mean transit time of blood, and cerebral blood flow in the parieto-temporal region were measured during and for 3 h after ventricular tachycardia. Transient ventricular tachycardia of as short as 1 min caused cerebral ischemia with a blood flow reduction of approximately 30%. This was considered to be due to reduced blood pressure plus transient autonomic dysfunction, or dysautoregulation, during the ventricular tachycardia. Mild and transient reactive hyperemia occurred immediately after termination of the dysrhythmia, but continuous reductions of cerebral blood flow were observed thereafter for 3 h. This delayed hypoperfusion is attributable to either vasoconstriction of the large resistance vessels or changes in the hemorheological properties of the blood caused by cerebral ischemia. Ventricular tachycardia of the type reported has significant and long-lasting effects on the cerebral microcirculation.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Alpha-oxidation of fatty acids in fasted or diabetic rats.

Induction of alpha-oxidation, a possible gluconeogenic process, which should produce odd-chain fatty acids from even-chain fatty acids, was studied in rats fasted or made diabetic with streptozotocin. When a omega-phenylated even-chain fatty acid, phenylbutyric acid (1.2 mmol/kg), was administered to rats under these conditions, a significant increase in the urinary excretion of benzoic acid, the metabolic end-product of omega-phenylated odd-chain fatty acids, was observed in fasted (3.54 +/- 0.46 mumol/day) and diabetic (6.73 +/- 2.10) rats (control, 0.58 +/- 0.43; P less than 0.001). Phenylated longer chain fatty acids, phenylhexanoic and phenyldecanoic acid, did not produce significantly more benzoic acid than did phenylbutyric acid. Although the rate of alpha-oxidation was very low compared to that of beta-oxidation, these results suggested that alpha-oxidation of fatty acids was induced under fasting or diabetic conditions, and that alpha-oxidation might take place at the butyric acid stage.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Nuclear localization of androgen receptor in heterogeneous samples of normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic human prostate.

To facilitate an understanding of how androgens participate in the genesis of human benign hyperplasia and carcinoma we assayed androgen receptor in the epithelium and stroma of human prostatic tissue from 57 patients. Immunohistochemical staining of human androgen receptor was performed on 106 sections of normal prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer. To determine variability of androgen receptor staining sections taken from different portions of the gland were studied. Frozen tissue sections were incubated with monoclonal antiandrogen receptor antibodies and staining was completed by the indirect avidin-biotin peroxidase method. Antibody staining was found mainly in the nucleus of prostatic epithelial cells, although some stromal cells also showed positive staining. Unlike normal prostate, there was a heterogeneous distribution of androgen receptor in BPH and prostate cancer. The androgen receptor content in well differentiated adenocarcinoma epithelium was significantly higher compared to moderately (p less than 0.05) and poorly (p less than 0.05) differentiated adenocarcinoma. Regardless of the origin of stromal tissue, some staining was observed. In each specimen studied the androgen receptor staining was consistent qualitatively and quantitatively for each pathological component throughout the specimen. These data confirm that androgen receptor is a nuclear receptor protein. Furthermore, they show the ability of monoclonal antibodies to reveal cellular/subcellular distribution of androgen receptor, and demonstrate a correlation between the degree of tumor differentiation and androgen receptor content in epithelial but not in stromal cells. These observations may have important implications for understanding the variable tumor response to hormone therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1992

Stress-induced gastric mucosal lesion and platelet aggregation in rats.

The effect of cold-restraint stress on platelet function in vitro was studied in the rat model. Platelet function was assessed by platelet aggregation in response to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thrombin. ADP-induced platelet aggregation was reduced in platelet-rich plasma after 2 h of cold-restraint stress. Thrombin-induced platelet aggregation was reduced with time during cold-restraint stress with a parallel increase in the lesion index. Although pretreatment of animals with atropine prevented the development of gastric mucosal lesions, platelet dysfunction was not reversed by this treatment. These results suggest that cold-restraint stress may impair platelet function, probably due to platelet activation in vivo, and that the abnormalities in platelet function may be associated with the development of gastric mucosal lesions.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗

PubMed1992

An automatic control algorithm for the optimal driving of the ventricular-assist device.

This paper presents a new method of keeping one of the most suitable driving conditions for regulating the outflow volume from the ventricular-assist device (VAD). The experimental results from a mock circulatory system have shown that the relationship between the stroke volume and the systolic duration of the VAD can be specified by the combination of characteristic curves of the positive and negative drive pressures. The optimal operating point on the characteristic curve have been defined as the point at which thrombosis on the blood-contacting surface and hemolysis due to mechanical damage can be avoided and at which the driving energy can be minimized. The present analysis has been revealed that the optimal operating point is the vertex of the triangular figure obtained from the characteristic curve. The algorithms for keeping the optimal operating point and for regulating the stroke volume have been also proposed.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1992

Expression of c-kit, a proto-oncogene of the murine W locus, in cerebella of normal and neurological mutant mice: immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization analysis.

The c-kit proto-oncogene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase and is allelic with the murine white-spoting (W) locus. Although no apparent defects in the brain have been reported in W mutant mice, brain tissue, especially cerebellum, shows a high level of c-kit transcription. In the present study, sites of c-kit expression in the cerebellum were exained by immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization techniques. Immunohistochemistry with a monoclonal antibody against c-Kit protein revealed that the c-Kit protein was localized close to the Purkinje cell soma in the region facing the granular cell layer. Similar distribution of the c-Kit protein was observed in cerebella of mutant mice in which the Purkinje cell (pcd) or the granular cell layer (weaver) is missing. These data suggest that the c-Kit protein is produced not by the Purkinje cell nor by the granular cell but by the cells present in the molecular layer and that the protein is then transported to the region around the Purkinje cell soma. This interpretation was supported by in situ hybridization analysis: cells containing the c-kit transcripts were found only in the molecular layer, while the granular and Purkinje cells were negative.

Alleles↗

PubMed1992

[A study to clarify the mechanism of the usefulness of the macrolides--the influence of clarithromycin to biofilm with P. aeruginosa].

Clarithromycin (CAM) was administered long-term to patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) to clarify the mechanism of the usefulness of the macrolides (MLs). 1. A tendency for clinical improvement was observed in 17 patients with DPB. Bacteria were eradicated in 7 of 9 patients with P. aeruginosa found in sputum. 2. A biofilm experimental model with P. aeruginosa was found to be destructed through constant contact with CAM and formed into a single cell with a smooth surface. 3. It was believed that the new lesion forming capability of P. aeruginosa that had been in contact with CAM was reduced due to a significant decrease in adherence to tissue. P. aeruginosa was principally eradicated by the host factors. These results suggested that the improvement in the prognosis of DPB with P. aeruginosa in the sputum after adding MLs was closely related to the destructive effect of the MLs on the biofilm.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Animal species differences in erythrocyte aggregability.

Species differences in erythrocyte aggregability were investigated employing our whole blood erythrocyte aggregometer. Blood was sampled from seven species, including humans and anesthetized (30 mg/kg pentobarbital) animals. The erythrocyte aggregation rates were the following (in s-1): cats, 0.213 +/- 0.027 (means +/- SD); dogs, 0.164 +/- 0.027; men, 0.112 +/- 0.025; rats, 0.111 +/- 0.005; domestic rabbits, 0.049 +/- 0.021; and mongolian gerbils, 0.034 +/- 0.015. Domestic fowls did not exhibit erythrocyte aggregograms like those seen in the other species. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among the erythrocyte aggregation rates of the different species (multiple-comparisons with an overall significance level of 0.05) except between men and rats and between rabbits and gerbils. No single factor which is known to accelerate the erythrocyte aggregation rate (hematocrit, fibrinogen, etc.) was correlated with the erythrocyte aggregation rate except the globulin concentration in the blood. The failure to detect erythrocyte aggregation in domestic fowls was probably attributable to their erythrocyte shape. These results suggest that each species has its own proper tendency for erythrocyte aggregation. This factor must be taken into consideration when the blood circulation is discussed among different animal species.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Incorporation and distribution of tritium in rats exposed to tritiated rice or tritiated soybean.

The incorporation and distribution of tritium were examined in rats exposed to tritiated rice or tritiated soybean by single ingestion or continuous feeding. Results were compared with those for tritiated wheat and tritiated water in a previous study done under the same experimental conditions. All the tritiated crops examined were more efficiently incorporated into rat tissues than was tritiated water, the extent of incorporation depending on the kind of crop. The differences in incorporation were clear in organically bound tritium determined as tritium in dried tissue. The respective concentrations of organically bound tritium after a single ingestion of tritiated rice, tritiated wheat or tritiated soybean were about 10-20, 20-30 and 25-60 times higher than after the ingestion of tritiated water. After continuous feeding for 22 days with tritiated rice, tritiated wheat or tritiated soybean, the respective concentrations of organically bound tritium were 5-8, 6-11 and 10-25 times the values after continuous ingestion of tritiated water. At the end of continuous ingestion, the radiation dose rates to almost of the tissues from all three tritiated crops were estimated to be 2-3 times that for tritiated water.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Ticlopidine treatment in idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy with polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia accompanied by nephrotic syndrome.

A 36-year-old woman was admitted for idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy with polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia (IPL) associated with nephrotic syndrome. She was expected to lapse into renal failure because renal biopsy showed focal glomerulosclerosis. VEMP chemotherapy and bolus methyl prednisolone were not effective against excessive urine protein of over 10 g/day. We thus began administration of ticlopidine (6 mg/kg/day), prednisolone (0.4 mg/kg/day) and cyclophosphamide (1 mg/kg/day). After 3 months of this regimen, the urine protein level decreased to less than 0.5 g/day, and renal function was maintained for more than 3 years. It is suggested that ticlopidine is effective for nephropathy complications associated with IPL.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Abnormalities in platelets and vascular endothelial cells induced by glycated lipoproteins.

We studied the effects of glycated lipoproteins of low- and high-density (LDL and HDL) on platelets and vascular endothelial cells. After pretreatment for 5 minutes at 37 degrees C, the thrombin-induced synthesis of thromboxane B2 in washed platelets was significantly increased by glycated LDL as compared with native LDL (198.9 +/- 16.2 vs 90.3 +/- 29.4 ng/10(9) platelets, n = 8, p less than 0.01). Platelet aggregation was also increased by glycated LDL as compared with native LDL. After treatment with platelet-rich plasma for 5 hours at 37 degrees C, these values were suppressed by native HDL vs the control (buffer), but not by glycated HDL. Abnormalities in the release of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha and lactate dehydrogenase from vascular endothelial cells were also induced by glycated LDL and/or HDL. These observations suggest that abnormalities induced in platelets and vascular endothelial cells by glycated lipoproteins may play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes mellitus.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗

PubMed1992

Localized fat collection adjacent to the intrahepatic portion of the inferior vena cava: a normal variant on CT.

We describe a normal focal collection of fat that has the appearance of a mass on CT scans. The fat is adjacent to the intrahepatic portion of the inferior vena cava and is contiguous to the fat around the subdiaphragmatic portion of the esophagus. This finding occurred in 11 (0.5%) of 2227 patients who had CT scans at our institution. The fat collections did not change in size or shape on follow-up CT scans obtained 2 to 29 months later (mean, 14 months). The localized fat collections were at the level of or above the confluence of the hepatic veins and the inferior vena cava, and were medial to the inferior vena cava. They were less than 22 mm in length, oval, and had attenuation values ranging from -113 H to -23 H on unenhanced CT scans. The collections enhanced slightly on scans obtained after contrast administration. T1-weighted (600/15) MR images obtained in three cases showed a high-intensity mass that was contiguous to high-intensity fat around the esophagus, medial to the intrahepatic portion of the inferior vena cava. Our experience suggests that a masslike fat collection adjacent to the intrahepatic portion of the inferior vena cava is a normal variant on CT scans and should not be mistaken for an abnormality.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1992

Genetic predisposing factors in non-insulin dependent diabetes with persistent albuminuria.

We designed this study to elucidate a possible involvement of genetic factors which influence the progression of renal dysfunction in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). A total of 328 patients was randomly selected in the Tokai University Hospital. They had been cared for in our hospital as NIDDM for the past five years, until April, 1989. Fifty-six patients with persistent albuminuria, and an equal number of patients without persistent albuminuria were included in this study. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of age, estimated period of illness, blood pressure, body-mass index, HbAlc, blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride level and mean blood pressure. The family histories obtained by questionnaires revealed that there might be some genetic predisposing factors leading to the onset of nephropathy in patients with NIDDM, especially in cases with paternal high blood pressure. It is suggested that paternal hypertension might be related to the development of nephropathy in patients with NIDDM.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

[A study of arrhythmia following pulmonary operation in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma].

A total of 238 patients undergoing resection of lung cancer were studied for the occurrence of postoperative arrhythmia. Transient arrhythmia was observed in 43 of them (18.1%). Ninety-one percent of 43 patients developed atrial fibrillation (Af), even though no arrhythmia was noted on ECG in any patient preoperatively. Cardiac dysrhythmia occurred 5.2 +/- 3.8 days after operation and lasted for 1.3 +/- 0.9 days (mean +/- SD). There was a significant difference (p less than 0.05) in the incidence of postoperative arrhythmia between the male group (39/188 = 21%) and the female group (4/50 = 8%), however the cause of a difference is unknown. The incidence was higher in patients undergoing pneumonectomy than in those undergoing lobectomy. Patients, who suffered from postoperative arrhythmia, has significantly low values on pulmonary function test (FEV1.0% = 68.7%) preoperatively. The increased cardiac load after the reduction of the pulmonary vascular bed was regarded as the most important factor of arrhythmia. Prophylactic administration of digoxin was performed in another 61 male patients after resection of lung cancer. And it was found to be effective in decreasing the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (5/61 = 8%).

Adult↗