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Biomedical subjects

H Takita

Publications and source records attributed to H Takita.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effects of a bone lysine-rich 18 kDa protein on osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells.

A lysine-rich 18 kDa protein was isolated from bovine bone and examined for its effects on osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. This protein is homologous to a heparin-binding protein in brain and uterus. This protein enhanced cell attachment independent of the Arg-Gly-Asp cell-binding sequence and stimulated proliferation during the growth phase. Addition of this protein to cell cultures on days 11, 12, and 13 after confluency resulted in a 1.6-2.0-fold increase in the alkaline phosphatase activity and little increase in the DNA content. These findings suggest that the 18 kDa protein may be functional in promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1992

Resection of lung metastases from soft-tissue sarcomas. A multivariate analysis.

From 1970 through 1986, 78 patients underwent 162 thoracotomies for removal of lung metastases from soft-tissue sarcomas. A multivariate analysis showed that the presence of a local recurrence, an incomplete pulmonary resection, and a shorter disease-free interval were poor prognostic factors. Patients who underwent multiple thoracotomies survived longer from the time of initial thoracotomy. The histologic type of sarcoma and the number of metastases resected showed no statistical significance. The median survival of the 61 patients who had a complete resection was 21 months. Patients with five or fewer metastases resected had an overall 5-year survival of 22% compared with 21% for patients who had six or more metastases resected. However, patients with five or fewer metastases showed a trend toward a higher 10-year disease-free survival. A complete resection of pulmonary metastases from soft-tissue sarcoma can prolong survival even if multiple metastases are present, although patients with fewer metastases may have a longer disease-free survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

A pathological and immunohistological case report of fatal infectious mononucleosis, Epstein-Barr virus infection, demonstrated by in situ and Southern blot hybridization.

We present an autopsy case of 20-month-old boy who had a fulminant course of infectious mononucleosis, with severe hepatic failure. Autopsy revealed marked infiltration of immunoblasts in the lymph nodes, liver, spleen, thymus and kidneys. We identified a large number of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genomes in the immunoblasts of the lymph nodes, liver and spleen by in situ hybridization. EBV genomes were also detected in the liver and spleen by Southern blot hybridization. Histology of the liver revealed diffuse feathery degeneration of the hepatocytes. However, EBV genomes were not detected in the hepatocytes by in situ hybridization and monoclonal antibody studies. Immunostaining of the autopsy liver specimen revealed a large number of suppressor/cytotoxic T cells (Leu2a positive) in the portal areas and of natural killer (NK) cells (Leu7 positive) in the portal areas and sinusoids of the liver. We therefore suggest that the hepatocellular damage was not caused by the viral replication in the hepatocytes but was mainly caused by the abnormal killer cell activity of the suppressor/cytotoxic T cells and NK cells.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1992

The effect of convulsions on the rectification of central nervous system disorders in epileptic mice.

Abnormal behavior in epileptic mice (El mice) may be rectified after convulsive seizures. This mechanism was investigated behaviorally through measurements of ethanol-induced sleeping time and locomotor activity, as well as immunohistochemically using a microphotometry system. Decreased ethanol-induced sleeping time and increased ethanol-dependent locomotor activity in El mice as compared to ddY mice (the mother strain of El mice) were rectified by convulsions as well as the intraventricular (IVT) administration of CaCl2, dopamine, or serotonin. Also, the lower dopamine levels in the neostriatum and nucleus accumbens septi in El mice as compared to ddY mice were improved by convulsions as well as the IVT administration of CaCl2. We have previously observed that a lower level of serum calcium in El mice causes a decrease in central biogenic amine synthesis through a calmodulin-dependent system. This may increase the susceptibility to epileptic convulsions and induce abnormal behavior. Combining the present results with our previous observations, we suggest that the convulsions in El mice will be induced when the balance of physiological functions is lost, as may be seen when the biogenic amine syntheses are decreased. The serum calcium level in El mice is increased by convulsions, and an elevated serum calcium level enhances brain biogenic amine synthesis through a calmodulin-dependent system. Subsequently, biogenic amines rectify physiological disorders in El mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Results of surgical resection of pulmonary metastases of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

In this retrospective review of 58 patients (12 females and 46 males) with pulmonary metastases of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated between January 1, 1970, and December 31, 1989, we evaluated their clinical courses and analyzed the outcomes of those who underwent pulmonary resection. For the entire group of patients, factors predictive of survival in those patients with a diagnosis of pulmonary metastases included pulmonary resection of metastases (p = 0.0001), locoregional control of the head and neck primary tumor at the time of diagnosis of pulmonary metastases (p = 0.007), TNM stage of the head and neck primary tumor (p = 0.02), a single nodule seen on the chest radiograph (p = 0.02), and disease-free interval (DFI) from the primary tumor of the head and neck of 2 years or more (p = 0.05). Twenty-four of 58 patients underwent thoracotomy for resection of metastases. Four (17%) were found to have a second primary tumor of the lung. Of the 20 remaining patients who underwent explorative surgery for possible pulmonary resection, 18 (90%) underwent complete resection of all malignant disease with an estimated 5-year survival of 29%. In these patients, a DFI of less than 1 year was associated with a 5-year survival rate of 0%, whereas a DFI of 1 to 2 years was associated with a 5-year survival rate of 43% and a DFI of 2 years or longer had a 5-year survival rate of 33%. The number of malignant pulmonary nodules that were resected ranged from one to five and was not significant in predicting survival (p = 0.19). Of eight patients who underwent the resection of more than one malignant pulmonary nodule, 50% survived 2 years, but none survived 5 years. Resection of a solitary pulmonary metastasis from squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck resulted in long-term survival in selected patients. Important prognostic factors included locoregional control of the head and neck primary tumor, the number of nodules seen on chest radiograph, the TNM stage of the primary tumor, and the DFI from the head and neck primary tumor. The value of resection in patients with more than one malignant pulmonary nodule remains to be defined for this group of patients.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1992

Interaction of lectins with human IgE: IgE-binding property and histamine-releasing activity of twelve plant lectins.

We examined the IgE-binding reaction and the histamine-releasing response of basophils to a panel of 12 lectins: concanavalin A (Con A), Lens culinaris hemagglutinin (LcH), Pisum sativum agglutinin (PSA), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), soybean agglutinin (SBA), Bauhinia purpurea agglutinin (BPA), peanut agglutinin (PNA), Ricinus communis agglutinin I (RCA-I), Lotus tetragonolobus agglutinin (Lotus A), Ulex europeus agglutinin I (UEA-I), phytohemagglutinin E (PHA-E) and phytohemagglutinin L (PHA-L), IgE from allergic patients bound with high affinity to Con A, LcH, PSA, RCA-I and PHA-E, and with lower affinity to WGA, BPA, Lotus A and UEA-I, but they did not bind to SBA, PNA or PHA-L. There was no apparent individual difference in the reactivity of IgE to these lectins between 10 IgE preparations from allergic patients. The binding to these lectins, except Lotus A and UEA-I, were competitively inhibited by the lectin-specific sugars or glycopeptide. Upon stimulation by Con A, LcH, PSA, WGA, RCA-1 and PHA-E, leukocytes from allergic patients showed a significant release of histamine, but cells from IgE-deficient subjects did not respond to these lectins. The histamine-releasing responses by these lectins were also inhibited by specific sugars or glycopeptides.

Basophils↗
PubMed1992

Premenstrual asthma with seasonal variation.

A 19-year-old woman had premenstrual asthma (PMA) usually from April through October each year with normal and regular menstrual cycles. When the monthly variation in the patient's PMA between 1984 and 1990 was compared with the monthly admissions of children for acute asthma in a hospital in this region, there was a great similarity in pattern between the two. Although she had high sensitivity to house-dust mites, the monthly pattern of her PMA did not coincide with monthly variations in the number of mites in house-dust in her home.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1992

[Inborn errors of amino acid metabolism--concepts and classification].

After the definition and the heredity of inborn errors of amino acid metabolism and a discussion of the incidence of these diseases, the four primary types of clinical features, namely 1) the prenatal, 2) neonatal (with acute onset), 3) mild, and 4) abortive types are described. The pathophysiology of brain damage is discussed. Based on recent findings, inborn errors of amino acid metabolism were classified according to their cause, 1) primary defect in catabolism, and 2) disturbances in the transport of amino acid. For each disease, the amino acids which can be detected in the plasma or in the urine are listed, along with the enzymes which are defective in each case.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1992

[A case of childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms (CEOP) presenting particular EEG findings].

We reported a case of an eight-year-old boy with CEOP. His parents and sibling were in good health. There was no family history of epileptic and neurological disease. He had his first attack of unconsciousness with fixation of eye movement for a few minutes at the age of 7 years. After six months, he experienced attacks of vomiting followed by loss of consciousness and elementary visual hallucinations consisting of red and blue colors. Sometimes he complained of contraction of visual field for 10 to 20 seconds, as if a curtain had fallen following the visual hallucination of a bright light spot. At the age of eight years, he was admitted to our hospital for evaluation and therapy. Investigations included neurological examination, IQ, CT findings were normal. Visual evoked potential revealed more reduced amplitude in the left side than in the right. The EEG findings during the waking state showed continuous bilateral 1-2 c/s spike and wave complex discharges in occipital and posterior temporal areas. These discharges were immediately suppressed by eyes-opening in an illuminated room, but not in a dark room. However, during the light sleep stage, diffuse irregular spike and wave discharges appeared frequently with left side dominance. From the clinico-electrophysiological findings we diagnosed him as CEOP. In order to investigate the changes of the occipital spike and wave discharges by photic stimulation, we administered intermittent photic stimulation (IPS) for 10 seconds at each frequency between 1-30 flashes/sec (f/s) in a dark room.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child↗
PubMed1991

Adjuvant, specific, active immunotherapy for resectable squamous cell lung carcinoma: a 5-year survival analysis.

In 1976 Stewart et al. (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 277:436-466) reported the effectiveness of adjuvant specific active immunotherapy of lung carcinoma in improving the postoperative survival of stage I lung carcinoma patients in a phase II study using lung carcinoma-associated antigen (TAA) and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). A phase III study was then designed by the authors to see the effects of specific active immunotherapy compared to the conventional management (no treatment) and to nonspecific immunotherapy. From 1976 to 1981, 85 patients with resectable (stages I and II) squamous cell lung carcinoma were entered into a randomized study: 1) control group; 2) specific immunotherapy group--three monthly doses of 500 micrograms of TAA emulsified with CFA; 3) nonspecific immunotherapy group--three monthly doses of CFA emulsified in saline. All the patients in the study received skin tests with 100 micrograms of the same TAA used for the immunotherapy. Recently, a 5-year follow-up of all the patients became available: The life table 5-year survival of group 1 was 34%, of group 2 was 75%, and of group 3 was 53%. The median survivals for the three groups were group 1, 38 months; group 2, 106 months; and group 3, 71 months. The difference was significant at P = .007 (Cox-Mantel test).

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Ultrasonic surgical aspirator for lung resection.

The ultrasonic surgical aspirator was originally developed for neurosurgical procedures and hepatic resections. Ultrasonic vibration at the tip of the instrument results in lysis of the parenchymal cells, leaving more resistant fibrous tissue such as blood vessels and bronchi intact and, thus, minimizing blood loss. We have studied the feasibility of applying the ultrasonic surgical aspirator for segmental and subsegmental lung resection for primary and metastatic neoplasms of the lung. Over the past 5 years, 27 patients underwent segmental or limited lung resection using the ultrasonic surgical aspirator. Except for prolonged air leak in 6 patients postoperatively, no other serious morbidity was noted. We observed several advantages: (1) the ultrasonic surgical aspirator dissects out the pulmonary vessels and bronchi, allowing the surgeon to perform segmental and subsegmental resections with minimal blood loss, (2) it permits lung-sparing operation for centrally located tumors that would otherwise have required lobectomy, and (3) it allows direct visualization of lung parenchyma during dissection, thus assuring grossly adequate margins.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Behavioral changes in cold-stressed mice related to a central calcium-dependent-catecholamine synthesizing system.

An investigation was carried out regarding the mechanism of behavioral changes in mice elicited by cold stress. Cold stress was induced in adult male mice by restraining them from free action for 2 h at 4 degrees C. As the control test, mice were restrained from free action for 2 h at room temperature. The locomotor counts in cold-stressed mice were found to be lower than in controls. The counts in cold-stressed mice were increased by IP pretreatment with EDTA or alpha-methyltyrosine (tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor), and were further decreased by IP pretreatment with CaCl2. On the other hand, serum calcium and brain calcium levels in cold-stressed mice were increased 15-30 min and 30 min, respectively, after restraint under cold temperatures, and returned to original levels 1 h after restraint. Also, the biochemical and immunohistochemical brain dopamine levels in cold-stressed mice were higher than in control mice. The increment of brain dopamine levels in the control mice was also observed by the administration of CaCl2. Furthermore, the ability of cold stress to enhance the dopamine level in mice brains was attenuated by IP pretreatment with alpha-methyltyrosine. In light of previous reports that central calcium activates catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes via a calmodulin-dependent system, it is suggested that cold stress enhances the brain calcium level, and then increased calcium enhances dopamine synthesis in the brain through a central calcium-dependent catecholamine synthesizing system. Subsequently, increased dopamine induces behavioral changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Aicardi syndrome accompanied by auditory disturbance and multiple brain tumors.

We described a 5-month-old girl with Aicardi syndrome accompanied by auditory disturbance and multiple brain tumors. She was admitted to our hospital because she suffered from intractable flexor spasms. Physical examination revealed craniofacial asymmetry, left auricular deformity, scoliosis, and remarkable hypotonia with psychomotor retardation. Abnormal ophthalmological findings included chorioretinopathy with pale and round-shaped peripapillary lacunae, and there was modified hypsarrhythmia in her EEG. MRI revealed multiple brain tumors in the 3rd and the lateral ventricles which are considered to be choroid plexus papilloma with agenesis of the corpus callosum. ACTH therapy was administered because of the intractable seizures. After ACTH therapy, the thresholds of waves I and V were much improved. The interpeak latency of waves I-V of the left ear and the peak latency of wave I of the right ear had been lengthened. Acoustic reflex with contralateral stimulation showed no response in the left ear. These findings indicate that the auditory system is also involved in the Aicardi syndrome and that ACTH is effective for its dysfunction.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1990

Adrenalectomy for adrenal metastasis from lung carcinoma.

In the past 3 years, five patients with lung carcinoma were found to have enlarged adrenal glands without any evidence of distant metastasis. The patients were treated with adrenalectomy. The cases are presented in order to discuss optimal methods of diagnosis and treatment for this condition.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Volumetric quantification of brain volume in children using sequential CT scans.

We devised a three dimensional method for the accurate measurement of brain volume and applied it to 32 neurologically normal children, 7 children with only mental retardation and 15 children with both mental retardation and motor disturbance. In the group of neurologically normal children, the total brain volume increased from 723 cm3 to 1407 cm3 in order of age. The correlation ratio between the total brain volume and age was significant (P less than 0.0001). The values of the total brain volume and the developmental curve were similar to those of the total brain weight of normal children previously reported. The combined volume of the cerebellum, the midbrain, the pons and the medulla also increased from 76 cm3 to 200 cm3 in a manner similar to that of the total brain. The correlation between total brain volume and head circumference was significant (P less than 0.0001). In the group of children with mental retardation, the total brain volume was relatively smaller than that of neurologically normal children. In the group of the children with mental retardation and motor disturbance, 10 out of 15 cases showed values below -2 SD of those of neurologically normal children. The values of the total brain volume were each less than -3 SD in 3 cases whose head circumferences were each more than -3 SD. Our method for the direct measurement of brain volume based on serial CT scans may be useful for the accurate examination of brain development.

Biometry↗
PubMed1990

Effect of intraventricular administration of calcium on the lowering of brain dopamine level in epileptic mice.

Dopamine (DA) levels in the various brain regions of epileptic mice (El mice) were compared immunohistochemically with those in ddY mice (the mother strain of El mice) using a fluorescence microphotometry system. The fluorescence intensities of DA in the neostriatum and nucleus accumbens septi in El mice were approximately 11-15% (P less than 0.01) and 13% (P less than 0.01) lower than in ddY mice. On the other hand, the lower DA amounts in these regions of El mice were improved by intraventricular administration of CaCl2 (10 mumol/kg). The brain regions in which the amount of DA was increased by calcium were areas where high levels of calmodulin and tyrosine hydroxylase are distributed. This finding reconfirmed our previous report that the biogenic amine level disorder in El mice was related to a calcium ion level disorder through a central calcium-calmodulin-dependent biogenic amine-synthesizing mechanism, and this might increase their susceptibility to epileptic convulsions.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Family study of primary hypercholesterolemia in school children--the Tsukuba Study].

Ninety-one children were determined to have hypercholesterolemia from a screening of 1,469 school children in the community near University of Tsukuba, and family studies of these children were performed. More than 50% of the parents participated in the study. The mean cholesterol levels of parents of hypercholesterolemic children were significantly higher than that of controls. Hypercholesterolemia in parents of hypercholesterolemic children was more frequent than that in controls. Nine families with autosomal dominant hyperlipidemia including familial hypercholesterolemia and familial combined hyperlipidemia were detected by further family studies. These results indicate that genetic factors are important as causes of hypercholesterolemia of school children and that family studies of hypercholesterolemic children is an efficient method for screening for persons with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases.

Age Factors↗