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Biomedical subjects

H Terao

Publications and source records attributed to H Terao.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Treatment of brain tumors with iridium-192 seeds.

Interstitial radiation therapy of brain tumors requires positioning of the radioactive sources with good precision in order to achieve a sufficient dose in the tumor without too much damage to surrounding tissues. A method for application of 192Ir seeds in brain tumors is described and preliminary results in seven patients reported. The method, which uses CT-guided stereotactic localization and computerized dose planning, is at present fairly complicated. The preliminary results are promising and no serious complications have so far been observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Gizzerosine raises the intracellular cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate level in isolated chicken proventriculus.

Gizzerosine, which was originally found in fish meal, is a compound that causes gizzard erosion and ulceration in chicks. The action of gizzerosine on the isolated cells of chicken proventriculus was studied in the present investigations. Gizzerosine increased intracellular cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) levels, reaching a plateau within 30 min. Similar maxima of cAMP level were observed in the presence of histamine or gizzerosine. However, the potency of gizzerosine was approximately 1,000-fold higher than that of histamine. The action of gizzerosine was depressed by cimetidine, a histamine H2-receptor antagonist, but not by pyrilamine, a histamine H1-receptor antagonist, indicating that gizzerosine is a very strong histamine H2-receptor agonist. The mucosal cells isolated from the proventriculus by the present procedure had both histamine H1 and H2-receptors. Gizzerosine showed a higher affinity to the cell surface histamine receptor than histamine. These results partly explain the potent activity of gizzerosine in inducing gastric acid secretion and causing gizzard erosion and ulceration in chickens.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[A case of intracranial hypoglossal neurinoma].

A case of intracranial hypoglossal neurinoma is reported. A 32-year-old man with a history of unsteady gait and headache for one and a half years was admitted to our hospital on September 23, 1983. Neurological findings on admission were nystagmus toward the left, left IXth and Xth cranial nerve paresis, left cerebellar signs, paresthesia of the left upper and lower extremities on neck flexion, and left pyramidal signs. Atrophy or fasciculation of the tongue was not noted. Computed tomography demonstrated a large isodensity and partially low density mass in the posterior fossa which was markedly enhanced and sharply margined with contrast medium. The tumor extended 45 mm over the edge of the foramen magnum. The maximum size was 45 mm X 40 mm. The coronal and sagittal reconstruction CT scan clearly demonstrated the attachment and extension of the tumor. Enlargement of the hypoglossal canal was clarified by changing the window level, window width and using 2 mm slice CT scan. Anterior-posterior x-ray view of the skull tomography showed enlargement of the hypoglossal canal, as indicated by the CT scan. The left hypoglossal canal was 7 mm and right was 3 mm in diameter. Vertebral angiography demonstrated that the tumor was located in the left posterior fossa, but no tumor stain appeared. This patient did not have XIIth cranial nerve palsy, but the neuroradiological findings strongly suggested a hypoglossal neurinoma, especially the findings of the CT scan and the anterior-posterior x-ray view of the skull tomography. On October 5, suboccipital craniotomy with Cl laminectomy was performed in prone position.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Cellular immunity and complement levels in hosts with brain tumours.

As a major defence mechanism against cancer, host immunological surveillance is composed of a cellular immunity as well as humoral immunity including antibody and a complement system. In the course of the progress of brain tumours alone, serum complement level (CH 50) as a humoral immunological factor and the tuberculin skin reactivity as an index of cellular immune activity, were serially measured in brain tumour patients. One hundred and fifty-seven cases of brain tumours, including 75 cases of glioma, 25 benign tumours, and 42 metastatic tumours, were examined. Most cases of benign tumour belong to stage I oder II, in which both tuberculin reaction and complement are active. Many cases of glioblastoma and metastatic tumour belong to stage III; that is, they show negative tuberculin reaction and increased complement activity. The relation of immunological response to the tumour size and the clinical severity in patients with gliomas is revealed by the fact that complement titres rise in accordance with the degree of progress of the tumour and a negative tendency in the tuberculin reaction runs parallel to this. All cases of glioma, even in the terminal stages, remain in stage III. On the other hand, cases of metastatic tumour progress to stage IV and V, in which the tuberculin reaction is negative and complement titres decrease. The combined results of elevated complement level and depressed status of tuberculin reaction in patients with gliomas may be explained by the concept that complement activity rises to compensate for depressed cell-mediated immunity, in order to preserve the activity of the biophylaxis mechanism against cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Surgical treatment and radiation therapy for glioblastoma multiforme, with special reference to intraoperative radiotherapy].

We studied the effects of increased-dose radiation therapy in terms of survival time and improvement in the quality of life in 50 glioblastoma patients with minimal residual tumors. 1) Intraoperative radiotherapy ( IOR , 1,000-2,000 rad) was applied in 13 cases; the 2-year survival was 41.6%. However, in 9 patients who had undergone macroscopic total removal the 2-year survival rate was 68.6%. 2) Wide resection with necrotomy after conventional external irradiation was used in 9 cases and conformation irradiation was added; their 2-year survival was 44.4%. 3) In 22 patients who received only conventional irradiation following surgery, the 2-year survival was 7.5%.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[A case of giant cell tumor of the sphenoid bone--special emphasis on its clinico-radiological features and radiosensitivity].

A 19-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of blurred vision, visual field defect, diplopia and hypesthesia of the left face. Neurological examination on admission revealed impairments of the II, III, IV, VI cranial nerves bilaterally and the first branch of the V nerve on the left. X-ray films of the skull showed a marked decalcification of the sella and upper portion of the clivus. Cerebral angiography demonstrated a moderately vascularized, large tumor in the sella-clival region. The tumor was supplied mainly by the branches of the right internal carotid artery, which was occluded at the cavernous portion. CT scans showed a large, oval mass located at the mid-portion of the anterior and middle fossa. Hounsfield number of the tumor was approximately 64.0, but several high density spots, probably due to destroyed bone fragments, were seen inside. The tumor was markedly enhanced with contrast medium. Three successive craniotomies were carried out through right fronto-temporal approaches, but total removal of the tumor was not achieved. Histological examination of surgical specimens disclosed that the tumor was consisted of abundant multinucleated giant cells and fewer spindle shaped stromal cells. Postoperative radiotherapy by telecobalt was tried and a total dose of 70Gy was delivered to the residual tumor. Effect of radiotherapy was remarkable and the size of the tumor on CT was markedly reduced to the extent of 10% of the pre-radiation tumor size. The patient was discharged in a good condition and there have been no signs of recurrence for 10 months so far. On the basis of our case and cases reported in the literature so far, the authors discussed clinical and radiological features, difficulty in surgical treatment and radiosensitivity of giant cell tumor of the sphenoid bone.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[A case of subependymoma in the lateral ventricle with intraventricular hemorrhage].

Subarachnoid hemorrhage attributable to brain tumor, particularly due to benign tumor, is not common. A case of subependymoma in the lateral ventricle, which manifested itself with an episode of subarachnoid hemorrhage was reported. A 33-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of severe headache and transient loss of consciousness, but neurological examination revealed no abnormality except for slight disturbance of consciousness and nuchal rigidity. Lumbar puncture showed an opening pressure over 350mmH2O and grossly bloody CSF. CT scan revealed an enhanced mass occupying the left ventricular trigone. Angiography, however, demonstrated no tumor stain or other vascular abnormality. Preoperative diagnosis was an intraventricular tumor of benign nature. A soft tumor arose from the lateral wall of the trigone was removed subtotally by paramedian parieto-occipital approach. Histology of the tumor was of typical subependymoma with scanty vascularity. Intraventricular or subarachnoid hemorrhage from cerebral neoplasm reported so far, is mostly due to a highly vascularized tumor. Subependymoma is of benign nature with poor vascularity, and therefore, intraventricular hemorrhage from the subependymoma was rarely reported in the literature. On the basis of the findings of angiography, serial CT scans and histological examination, it is reasonable to assume that intraventricular bleeding in our case is not attributed to the tumor per se, but to tearing of subependymal or ependymal veins extremely extended by the tumor growth.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Disproportionately large communicating fourth ventricle--report of 2 cases].

A term of 'disproportionately large, communicating fourth ventricle' (DLCFV) was first proposed by in Harwood-Nash in 1980. It is somewhat different from the well known clinical entity of 'isolated or trapped fourth ventricle', because of apparent patency of aqueductal canal. Two cases of typical DLCFV encountered in our clinic were described. First patient was a 24 year old man in whom this condition developed following operations for lumber disc and second patient was 22 year old woman in whom the disease developed after subarachnoid hemorrhage. In both cases, main symptoms were attributable to hydrocephalus but three posterior fossa symptoms, nystagmus, Parinaud' sign and truncal ataxia were also characteristic. On the CT scan, the fourth ventricle was extraordinarily enlarged. Patency of the aqueductal canal was demonstrated by air study or Conray and Metrizamide ventriculography. On the other hand, occlusion was demonstrated or highly suspected in or near the foramina Magendie and Luschka. After a routine ventriculo-peritoneal shunt operation, the fourth ventricle decreased in size and the symptoms were immediately relieved. Plausible explanation for mechanism involved in occurrence of DLCFV were (1) occlusion process in or near the fourth ventricle outlets seems to be crucial in this pathologic condition. Collision of CSF pulse waves against the obstruction may yield a water hammer effect on the fourth ventricle. (2) abnormal weakness of the brain stem parenchyma around the fourth ventricle to CSF pressure may be another contributory factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Chronic subdural hematoma associated with arachnoid cyst--study of the mechanism of its development].

A significant number of cases of chronic subdural hematoma associated with middle fossa arachnoid cyst has been reported in literature, but sufficiently tenable explanation for co-occurrence of both lesions has not yet proposed. In this study, authors try to elucidate mechanisms involved in development of chronic subdural hematoma and arachnoid cyst in the same patient. Eighteen cases with arachnoid cyst in the middle fossa were diagnosed by CT scan during last 5 years in our institute. Among these, five patients had chronic subdural hematoma additionally to their middle fossa arachnoid cyst. Analysis of clinical, roentgenological data and operative findings in our five cases and reviewing of cases reported so far in the literature makes clear the following characteristics in this pathological condition. 1) Patients of chronic subdural hematoma associated with arachnoid cyst were obviously younger than patients with usual chronic subdural hematoma. 2) Chronic subdural hematoma developed in the same side to the associated arachnoid cyst. 3) Characteristic changes in the skull on x-ray films indicated the long lasting existence of middle fossa arachnoid cyst. On the other hand, history of cases suggested that chronic subdural hematomas had developed within recent 1-3 months. 4) Intracranial pressure tended to remain normal or slightly elevate. 5) Abnormal, small veins which run on the surface of the membranous capsule of arachnoid cyst and bridge the Sylvian fissure were not infrequently found at operation. These veins were not able to visualized on routine angiography. On the basis of these clinical and pathological characteristics, authors infer a mechanism for development of subdural hematoma associated with arachnoid cyst. The presence of middle fossa arachnoid cyst must increase a compressibility of the intracranial content, especially of the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere and it predisposes for development of chronic subdural hematoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Malignant nerve sheath tumor of acoustic nerve.

A malignant nerve sheath tumor of the acoustic nerve was found in a 54-year-old man whose right acoustic nerve signs had shown gradual worsening during the previous five years. No stigmata of von Recklinghausen's disease were noted. The tumor at autopsy extensively involved the brain stem, cerebellar hemisphere, tentorium of cerebellum, and cerebral occipitotemporal lobe on the right side. Histologically, the tumor was characterized by extreme hypercellularity, pleomorphism, and high mitotic activity. Ultrastructurally, there was an external lamina around the interdigitated cytoplasm of the tumor cells. Long-spacing collagens and junctional devices were also noted. This case is, to our knowledge, the first reported of a malignant nerve sheath tumor in the acoustic nerve.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Percutaneous radiofrequency facial nerve coagulation in the management of facial spasm.

The authors have developed a fluoroscopy-assisted technique of percutaneous radiofrequency facial nerve coagulation at or near the stylomastoid foramen for management of facial spasm. The details of the procedure and the operative results in the initial series of 27 cases of facial spasm are described. The series included six men and 21 women, aged from 16 to 73 years. Twenty-four patients had classical, intractable, persistent hemifacial spasm, one had an unusual bilateral facial spasm, and one a postparalytic facial spasm. The age of onset varied from 16 years to 70 years. The duration of the symptoms ranged from 3 months to 11 years. Ten patients had undergone previous blunt-needle compression of the facial nerve from one to 10 times. The operative results in the 27 patients have so far been excellent. The longest follow-up has been 1 1/2 years. Although partial facial weakness was present in 60% of the cases, it invariably disappeared within 1 to 4 months. Only three patients experienced recurrence of spasm. In two of them, recurrence followed low-temperature coagulation. The procedure is simple, easy to perform, and extremely effective. It can be performed under local anesthesia in the outpatient clinic.

Adolescent↗