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Biomedical subjects

H Teshima

Publications and source records attributed to H Teshima.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Total intestinal decontamination for prevention of infection in bone marrow transplantation.

In an attempt to prevent infections complicating bone marrow transplantation, 22 patients received oral nonabsorbable antibiotics in protected environments. The standard antibiotic regimen consisted of gentamicin, vancomycin and nystatin. The vast majority of fecal organisms initially cultured were completely suppressed by about one week after initiation of antibiotic prophylaxis. The antibiotics had to be taken regularly to keep the gastrointestinal tract decontaminated. However, Candida was often cultured despite prophylaxis. The best method for continuously suppressing Candida was considered to be administering an adequate antifungal drug before intestinal decontamination. The throat, however, was far more difficult to decontaminate than the stool. Lincomycin inhalation was most effective in suppressing anaerobic bacteria. Some of the organisms cultured persistently or intermittently from the throat tended to appear sooner or later in the stool during prophylaxis, although they were not always resistant. The pattern of reappearance of the fecal flora after intestinal decontamination was similar to that observed in newborn infants. However, none of the Enterobacteriaceae strains which reappeared in the stool were identical to those cultured initially. Absorption of gentamicin and vancomycin from the gastrointestinal tract was negligible. A gentamicin-induced small-colony variant of Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from one patient. Amphotericin B was more tolerable than nystatin, which often produced nausea and vomiting in association with the preparative radio-chemotherapy for marrow transplantation. Hypoprothrombinemia and hypocholesterolemia were noted during prophylaxis. Three episodes of exogenous bacterial infection occurred despite strict isolation procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Autologous bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma--report of 2 cases].

Two patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) were treated with "marrow-lethal" chemoradiotherapy and infusion of cryopreserved autologous marrow. Patient AUT 04 (unique patient number), a 28-year-old male, was referred to us because of the right cervical lymphadenopathy. He was diagnosed NPC at stage II (T1N2M0). A trial of combined-modality therapy using autologous bone marrow transplantation (auto-BMT) was scheduled for possible cure. Before auto-BMT, he was treated with a conventional dose of radiation to the nasopharyngeal and bilateral cervical areas. For the pretransplant marrow-lethal therapy, he received high-dose cyclophosphamide (CY), 120mg/kg, and 1,000 rad total body irradiation (TBI). Within 24 hr after TBI, previously cryopreserved-thawed autologous bone marrow cells (1.37 X 10(8)/kg) was infused to the patient. Rapid and complete hematologic recovery was observed and he is now alive in a disease-free remission state 28 months after transplantation. Patient AUT 08, a 18-year-old female, was referred to us for the treatment of head and neck tumor with auto-BMT. She was diagnosed NPC at stage IV (T4N2M0). After cryopreservation of bone marrow, she was treated with local radiation and doxorubicin (80mg X 2d). Then she was conditioned with high-dose CY and upper half body irradiation and received auto-BMT (marrow dose: 1.2 X 10(7)/kg). Successful engraftment was obtained with tumor response but she developed recurrence of the disease 12 months after transplantation. Although the data are too preliminary, auto-BMT is evaluated as one of the favorable treatment approaches for some selected patients with NPC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Psychosomatic aspects of skin diseases from the standpoint of immunology.

The psychosomatic aspects of skin disease were studied both clinically and experimentally, from the standpoint of immunology. We found that emotional stress has a great influence on the immune system, as was manifested in skin disease. Skin test in allergic patients significantly improved with autogenic training and relaxation. For clarification of the effects of autogenic training and relaxation, various parameters were simultaneously assessed during the treatment. The serum levels of histamine and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase fluctuated, as determined by the microvibration test. The levels of IgE and findings on the PK test varied only slightly. Before the onset of urticaria, there were changes in the life-style and considerable stress in daily life as well as exposure to an allergen. Using mice subjected to stress, the functions of T cells and macrophages were evaluated. Stress appeared to have a definite influence on the functions of these cells, as related to the important role of the immune system and skin. Thus, the role of stress in clinical disease must always be given consideration.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Specificity concepts in Japan.

In this study, the authors discuss whether there are any differences in the acquired factors, such as psychosocial factors, related to the age at the onset of psychosomatic disorders, and whether or not there are any characteristics which can be considered unique to Japanese asthmatic patients. Many firstborns were found in those whose onset age was below 10 or in their teens. In those patients who had the onset of asthma in their 20s or 30s many women suffered problems with their mother-in-law after marriage or with their husbands who were interested only in work. We have also discussed that behind these phenomena, problems of parent-child relationship in early childhood were hidden.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Enhancement of sheep erythrocyte (SRBC)-induced pleurisy in non-sensitized mice by cyclophosphamide: demonstration of natural cell-mediated immune reactivity to SRBC.

Intrapleural injection of 2 x 10(8) sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) into normal C57BL/6N (B6) mice produced a low but significant exudate leucocyte reaction, which was delayed in onset and mononuclear cell dominant. However, administration of 20-200 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CY) in mice induced a dose-dependent enhancement of this reaction. In contrast, erythrocytes of syngeneic and allogeneic mice, rats, guinea-pigs rabbits and humans showed no or slight enhancement in CY-treated B6 mice. Maximal enhancement was observed on day 6 after CY treatment, but the reactions fell on day 7 and gradually decreased thereafter. B6 mice from specific pathogenfree colonies also showed strong reactions on day 6 after CY treatment. B6 mice demonstrated the highest reactions and C3H/He (C3H) mice were intermediate, while BALB/c mice showed very low responses. F1 hybrid (BALB/c x B6) mice showed an intermediate response as compared with the parent strains. The enhanced reactions reached their peak at 24 hr after SRBC injection and mainly consisted of macrophages and polymorphs. The enhancement could be successfully transferred to naive syngeneic mice by viable spleen cells from CY-treated mice but not by sera. The mediator cells could not bind to plastic petri dishes or a nylon-wool column, and were sensitive to anti-Thy-1.2 + C treatment . These results thus indicated that the enhancement was induced by the cell-mediated immune (CMI) mechanisms. The appearance of natural CMI reactivity to SRBC, and its role in relation to immunological reactions is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Application of a gas chromatography mass spectrometry computer system for clinical diagnosis.

Currently, one of the major clinical problems is diagnosis of inherited metabolic disorders in neonates which are caused by a defect of specific enzymes. In order to diagnose such diseases at an earlier stage, we have developed a new mass screening method, consisting of a gas chromatography mass spectrometry computer system with a newly developed 'Diagnosis Computer Program'. In this program, the chromatographic pattern of the urine of a patient with an inherited metabolic disorder is compared with that of a normal person. Internal standards are applied to simplify the comparison. The total ion current chromatogram is drawn with the relative retention times plotted on the horizontal axis and the relative intensities on the vertical axis. Diseases are diagnosed by characteristics and quantity of abnormal compounds in the urine. Reference to the stored mass spectra of abnormal compounds by a library search enables the diagnosis to be more precise. Using this program, twenty-six inherited metabolic disorders are routinely diagnosed. The diagnosis of tyrosinosis is used here as an example.

Alkaptonuria↗
PubMed1980

Cold urticaria associated with immunoglobulin M serum factor.

A case of cold urticaria, thought to be due to IgM, is presented. Passive transfer (PT) activity was manifested in cryoglobulin-free serum and in up to 20-fold dilutions of fraction I, the IgM-containing fraction obtained by Sephadex G-200 column chromatography. PT test results were positive with serum absorbed with cold agglutinins, and with heat-treated (56 degrees C, 4 hr) serum. These results were negative with cryoglobulin and after absorbing the supernatant of fraction I with anti-IgM. Skin adhesion time was within 24 hr. The in vivo histamine release during cold stimulation was recorded and in this patient, antihistamine administration proved the best method to alleviate the symptoms.

Adult↗