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Biomedical subjects

H Tohyama

Publications and source records attributed to H Tohyama.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Interferon therapy for acute hepatitis C; changes in serum markers associated with HCV and clinical effects].

In order to prevent the progression to chronicity of acute hepatitis C, we treated 22 patients with natural human alpha or beta interferon (IFN) in varying doses (3-6 megaunit) daily, for 4 weeks everyday or TIW for 8 weeks. 14 (63.6%) of the 22 patients was cured with IFN therapy. According to the level of serum HCV RNA, 5 (83%) of the 6 patients with more than 10(5) copies/ml were progressed to chronicity, while 10 (91%) of the 11 patients with less than 10(5) copies/ml were cured. Curative rate on each genotypes was 3/9 (33%) in type II, 2/3 (67%) in type III and 1/2 (50%) in type IV. Positive cases for anti C100-3 before IFN were cured only 2 (28.6%) of the 7 patients, but negative cases were cured in 12 (80%) of the 15 patients. This study reveal that IFN therapy for acute hepatitis C may contribute to prevent the progression to chronicity and that the determination of the level of serum HCV RNA, HCV genotypes and anti C 100-3 levels may be useful to predict that efficacy of IFN and also to make a schedule for successful IFN therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Morphometry of the semitendinosus and gracilis tendons with application to anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

The length and cross-sectional area of human semitendinosus and gracilis tendons were measured in both single- and multi-strand configurations for the purpose of anterior cruciate ligament graft preparation. The average lengths of the semitendinosus and the gracilis tendons were 235 +/- 20 mm (mean +/- SD) and 200 +/- 17 mm, respectively. The cross-sectional area of a doubled semi-tendinosus tendon (two strands) was significantly less than that of a 10-mm-wide patellar tendon graft (P < 0.001). The cross-sectional area of the tripled semitendinosus tendon (three strands) and the 10-mm-wide patellar tendon were similar. Doubling of the combined semitendinosus and gracilis tendons (four strands) and tripling of this combination (six strands) resulted in a significantly greater cross-sectional area in comparison to the 10-mm-wide patellar tendon (P < 0.05, four strands; P < 0.001 six strands). This investigation demonstrates that anterior cruciate ligament grafts fashioned using multiple-strand combinations of the semitendinosus and gracilis tendons result in a cross-sectional area that is comparable to the bone-patellar tendon-bone graft. This is an important finding since cross-sectional area reflects the intra-articular volume of collagenous tissue. This information should be helpful to surgeons considering using the hamstring tendons as an anterior cruciate ligament graft.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

The effect of phlebotomy on serum erythropoietin levels in normal healthy subjects.

We evaluated endogenous serum erythropoietin (Epo) levels in 14 normal subjects (eight males and six females) after a single 400-ml phlebotomy. The subjects were followed up for 56 days. The hemoglobin (Hb) values of both males and females decreased to a nadir on days 3 to 7 post-phlebotomy. Hb values gradually increased, but did not completely recover to pre-phlebotomy levels by day 56. Serum Epo levels increased after 6 h post-phlebotomy, to 20.1 +/- 5.4 (mU/ml) in males and 20.7 +/- 7.0 in females, from the pre-phlebotomy levels of 14.6 +/- 4.0 in males and 13.4 +/- 4.1 in females, respectively. Epo levels continued to increase to peak levels of 25.5 +/- 6.3 in males and 28.7 +/- 11.5 in females on days 7 to 14 and thereafter decreased until day 56. Thus, the Epo response to a 400-ml phlebotomy was relatively small in magnitude and was not sufficient to initiate a significant increase in erythropoiesis. This finding suggests that the administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHu-Epo) may be effective for the prompt correction of anemia induced by autologous blood donation and for increasing the volume of predonated autologous blood.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee with heel wedges.

Sixty-two patients with early medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee were treated with lateral heel wedges and followed for from 7 years and 5 months to 12 years. Those who were treated with heel wedges and analgesics showed a significantly greater improvement in pain score than those treated with analgesics only, but not in the walking ability score at the second follow up. The lateral heel wedge had no effect on the progress of the radiographic changes. The lateral heel wedge is useful for patients with early medical compartment osteoarthritis provided it is used with an understanding of the indications and its limitations.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A taxonomic review of the genus Microbispora and a proposal to transfer two species to the genus Actinomadura and to combine ten species into Microbispora rosea.

We conducted a taxonomic review of the genus Microbispora using chemotaxonomic and DNA-DNA hybridization techniques, and reached the following conclusions: Microbispora viridis should be transferred to the genus Actinomadura as Actinomadura rugatobispora comb. nov., nom. nov. (type strain SF2240 = IFO 14382 = JCM 3366) and Microbispora echinospora should be transferred to the genus Actinomadura as Actinomadura echinospora comb. nov. (type strain JCM 3148 = ATCC 27300). We also propose that Microbispora rosea, Microbispora amethystogenes, Microbispora chromogenes, Microbispora diastatica, Microbispora indica, Microbispora karnatakensis and Microbispora parva should be combined into the species Microbispora rosea subsp. rosea (type strain JCM 3006 = ATCC 12950), and that Microbispora aerata, Microbispora thermodiastatica and Microbispora thermorosea should be combined and transferred to the new subspecies Microbispora rosea subsp. aerata comb. nov. (type strain IFO 12581 = ATCC 15448). Microbispora bispora clearly differs from these ten strains at the species level.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1987

Nucleotide sequence of the streptomycinphosphotransferase and amidinotransferase genes from Streptomyces griseus.

Genes for streptomycin phosphotransferase and inosamine-P-amidinotransferase from a streptomycin-producing Streptomyces griseus were cloned on a 3.8kb BamHI-SphI fragment in S. lividans using the multicopy cloning vector pIJ702. The nucleotide sequence of this 3.8kb fragment was determined and the coding sequences for the two genes were identified by comparison with the amino-terminal sequences of the two enzymes purified from S. lividans clones.

Amidinotransferases↗
PubMed1987

Intrauterine transmission of hepatitis B virus is closely related to placental leakage.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV), transmitted by hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive mothers by intrauterine infection, infecting newborns, is closely related to signs and symptoms associated with miscarriage. However, no correlation was observed between intrauterine infection of infants and the presence of antibodies of immunoglobulin M (IgM) class antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) in maternal blood, nor was HBeAg found in maternal or cord sera. These results indicate that contamination by the mother's blood, through placental leakage, plays an important role in HBV infection in utero. Without placental leakage, maternal blood could not pass through the placenta and enter fetal circulation, and so intrauterine infection would not occur, even if very high titers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBeAg were present in maternal blood.

Carrier State↗