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Biomedical subjects

H Tonami

Publications and source records attributed to H Tonami.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Phosphorus 31-magnetic resonance spectroscopic studies of animal liver after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy].

The technique of magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been developed, and the study of high-energy phosphate metabolites in the liver using phosphorus 31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) has been reported in humans and animals, but few studies have used 31P-MRS for the evaluation of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) of the liver. In this study, 31P-MRS was used to evaluate the metabolic changes in hamster liver after ESWL and histological correlation was performed. Syrian golden hamsters were anesthetized and shock waves were irradiated to the left side of the liver. Hamsters were irradiated by LITHOSTAR-PLUS (SIEMENS) at a voltage of 19 KV. 31P-MRS was studied by JNM-GSX model 270 (6.34 Tesla). Typical peaks of 31P-spectra of hamster liver showed a tendency for PDE/beta-ATP, alpha-ATP/beta-ATP and gamma-ATP/beta-ATP to decrease among the irradiated group compared with the control group. However, there were no significant differences in PME/Pi, beta-ATP/Pi or (alpha-ATP-beta-ATP)/beta-ATP between the control group and irradiated group. With regard to intracellular pH and PDE/beta-ATP, a decreasing tendency was noted in the irradiated groups (p less than 0.05). There was no difference in the signal intensity of T1WI and T2WI on 1H-MRI, between these two groups. Pathologically, the irradiated group showed minor hemorrhage and edema in the liver, and subcapsular hematoma. The results obtained from 31P-MRS clearly showed the metabolic changes and were correlated well with the histological findings, but MRI was not capable of providing close visualization of post-ESWL liver damage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Delayed postanoxic encephalopathy after strangulation. Serial neuroradiological and neurochemical studies.

A 13-year-old boy was the victim of attempted strangulation. His condition had returned to normal by the sixth day after the assault; however, from the seventh day, choreoathetosis, dystonia, and marked pseudobulbar paralysis developed in the boy. The computed tomographic scans and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images that were obtained at this time revealed low-density and high-signal intensities in the region of the bilateral putamen and caudate nucleus. These symptoms and the changes in his computed tomographic scans and magnetic resonance images subsided gradually during a 2-month period. Sequential analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid for gamma-aminobutyric acid and dopamine concentrations during his illness revealed reciprocal changes with normal recovery. Because of the delayed onset of neurological changes and the cerebrospinal fluid showing reversible symptoms, the delayed encephalopathy after strangulation had been related to the biochemical alterations that followed anoxia in the vulnerable basal ganglia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Orbital fractures: surface coil MR imaging.

Twenty-six patients with orbital fractures diagnosed with plain radiography and computed tomography were examined with surface coil magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Fifteen patients had blow-out fractures, and 11 had maxillofacial complex fractures. In all patients with blow-out fractures, the location of the fracture was precisely indicated by the presence of prolapsed orbital fat. Incarceration of the extraocular muscle or orbital fat was correctly diagnosed with MR imaging, which was less sensitive in depicting maxillofacial fractures but was useful in assessment of soft-tissue involvement. Postoperative follow-up MR studies provided valuable information about the cause of motility impairment. While T1-weighted images are useful for the detection of the fracture site, both T1- and T2-weighted images are usually necessary for evaluating soft-tissue lesions. The results of this study indicate that surface coil MR imaging is an important adjunct procedure in the diagnosis and treatment of orbital fractures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Studies on retroperitoneal lymph node dissection concerning postoperative ejaculatory function in patients with testicular cancer].

This study was done to explore the appropriate procedure of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RLND) to preserve ejaculatory function. The relation between postoperative ejaculatory function and area dissected at RLND was investigated in 47 patients with testicular cancer. The patients were divided into 5 groups according to the retroperitoneal area dissected. Group 1 (38 patients) underwent bilateral RLND, group 2 (3 patients) and 3 (2 patients) right unilateral RLND, and group 4 (2 patients) and 5 (2 patients) left unilateral RLND. The vertical limits of the dissected area were similar in all groups, namely renal pedicle and bifurcation of common iliac artery. The lateral limits were bilateral ureters in group 1, right border of aorta and right ureter in group 2, left border of aorta and left ureter in group 4, and vena cava and left ureter in group 5. Group 3 was similar to group 2, but the paraaortic region at the root of inferior mesenteric artery was also dissected. All patients in group 1 had dry ejaculation. Thirty patients in this group were examined for seminal emission and none of them could demonstrate seminal emission. Normal antegrade ejaculation was seen in group 2 and 4 patients, but retrograde ejaculation was recognized in group 3. Inability of seminal emission ws confirmed in group 5 patients. When consideration is given to the function of retroperitoneal sympathetic nerves, our results suggest that unilateral RLND without impairing superior hypogastric plexus should be adopted to preserve ejaculatory function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Intraocular lesions in patients with systemic disease: findings on MR imaging.

Twenty-one intraocular lesions associated with various systemic diseases in 15 patients were studied by MR imaging. The disorders included diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, Behçet disease, sarcoidosis, and ankylosing spondylitis. MR was performed on a 0.5-T system using a surface-coil technique. Ophthalmoscopic visualization of the fundus was precluded by the presence of opaque media in all cases. MR was found to be effective in demonstrating intraocular bleeding, vitreous opacity, detached lesions of the posterior pole, and eyeball deformity. Surface-coil MR is a useful adjunct in the evaluation of the eyes affected by systemic diseases, especially in patients with opaque media.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Delayed postanoxic encephalopathy after strangulation--the serial neuroradiological and neurochemical studies].

A 13-year-old boy was the victim of a strangulation attempt. His behavior was normal by the 6th day after the assault. However, from the 7th day, he developed choreoathetosis, dystonia and marked pseudobulbar palsy. CT and T2-weighted MRI at this time revealed a low density and high signal intensity in the region of the bilateral putamen and caudate respectively for the first time. Thereafter, these symptoms and changes in CTs and MRIs subsided gradually over two months. Sequential analysis of CSF for GABA and dopamine during illness revealed reciprocal changes each other with normal recovery. Because of delayed onset of neurological changes, and findings of CSF with reversible symptoms the delayed encephalopathy after strangulation is probably related to biochemical alteration secondary to anoxia in vulnerable basal ganglia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[A clinical study on renal pelvic and ureteral tumors].

Thirty-seven cases of renal pelvic and ureteral tumors treated at our hospitals between January, 1975 and December, 1985 were reviewed. There were 15 renal pelvic tumors, 19 primary ureteral tumors and 3 ureteropelvic tumors. There were 26 males and 11 females and their average age was 62.5 years old ranging from 37 to 82. The most frequent chief complaint was macroscopic hematuria, which was seen in 89% of the patients (33/37). It was 35% of the patients (13/37) who visited our hospitals more than one month but less than three months after the appearance of symptoms. The positive rate of urine cytology was 69%. Total nephroureterectomy was performed on 22 patients and the other surgical treatments were done on 13 patients. Histological examination revealed transitional cell carcinoma in all cases. The overall actual postoperative survival rate at 1, 3 and 5 years was 83.9%, 68.0% and 68.0%, respectively, as measured by the Kaplan-Meier's method. None of the patients who survived more than 3 years after surgery died. The actual 3 and 5 year survival rates in cases of ureteropelvic tumors were slightly lower than those in the case of bladder tumors. There was no evidence in this series to show the usefulness of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Retrograde nephrostomy for percutaneous nephrolithotomy].

Between June, 1985 and November, 1986, 25 patients at our institute underwent retrograde nephrostomy placement to provide percutaneous access to the kidney for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) of renal or upper ureteral calculi. Overall, retrograde nephrostomy was successfully completed through the desired calyx in 80% of the patients and calculi were successfully removed by the subsequent PNL. There were 5 failures primarily due to wrong indication and inexperience with the technique. The procedures had been done without significant complications in this series including unsuccessful cases. On the basis of our experiences, it is practically important for successful retrograde nephrostomy to fix the tip of the catheter firmly in the desired calyx until the puncture wire is advanced into the renal parenchyma. It is also important to aim the puncture wire at the skin in a favorable direction to avoid adjacent visceral penetration. Retrograde nephrostomy is a useful aid for percutaneous calculus removal particularly in patients with nondilated intrarenal collecting systems, because this new technique allows precise tract placement to the kidney required for efficient calculus manipulation with less risk than that associated with conventional percutaneous nephrostomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Transference of antibiotics into prostatic tissues: sampling method by transurethral resection for the measurement of the concentration of antibiotics in prostatic tissue].

The transeference of two antibiotics, i.e. cefmetazole (CMZ) and fosfomycin (FOM), into prostatic tissues was examined. Prostatic tissue samples were obtained from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia while undergoing open prostatectomy or transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P). 2 g of CMZ or 4 g of FOM was intravenously administered within about 10 minutes starting 1 hour before the removal or resection of the prostate, and blood samples were collected at the end of the administration and during surgery. In TUR-P, resected prostatic tissues were washed with the TUR perfusate and the antibiotic in the tissue was presumed to be released into the perfusate. The following preliminary experiments were, therefore, carried out. The removed prostate was divided into three segments, i.e. urethral region, central region and capsular region, and the CMZ or FOM level in each tissue was measured. The remaining tissues were cut into small pieces for immersion in the TUR perfusate for 10-90 minutes. The tissue fragments were removed every 10 minutes to measure the tissue concentration of CMZ or FOM. The concentration of CMZ or FOM in the prostatic tissues did not vary among the three regions, however it markedly decreased with increase in the period of immersion. This suggested that the concentration of these agents into the prostatic tissues was represented by the concentration in the tissues near the urethra obtained immediately after the start of TUR-P.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical evaluation of kallikrein in male infertility].

Kallikrein was orally administered to 44 patients with male infertility at a dose of 90 or 120 KU/day for three months. The sperm density, sperm motility and fertility index (F.I.) were improved in 51.1%, 37.2% and 38.9% of the treated patients, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that significant improvement was noted in sperm density and F.I. between before and after the treatment, but not in sperm motility, sperm volume nor sperm morphology. During the period of treatment, in these treated 44 patients, 4 patients (9.1%) succeeded in pregnancy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

[Tuberculosis of the contralateral adrenal gland: a case report].

Unilateral adrenal tuberculosis is a very rare disease. A 66-year-old woman presented with epigastric discomfort and general fatigue. Abdominal CT scan revealed a homogeneous mass shadow in the right adrenal region. Findings of physical examination were normal except that the patient was obese. Hormonal data were in normal range. Adrenal scintiscanning demonstrated no RI uptake in the right adrenal gland. Right adrenalectomy was performed under the diagnosis of nonfunctioning tumor of the right adrenal gland. Histopathological examination, however, revealed typical tuberculosis with Langhans' type of giant cells and infiltrated lymphocytes. Of 322, 148 autopsies performed during the twelve years between 1970 and 1981 in Japan, 228 cases of adrenal tuberculosis were recognized. Furthermore, only 18 cases had tuberculous regions in the adrenal gland alone.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of morning glory syndrome.

The magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of morning glory syndrome are described. In our case, MR demonstrated a colobomatous area in the region of the optic disk, as well as an associated cataract and retinal detachment.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intraocular lesions in patients with systemic disease: findings on MR imaging.

Twenty-one intraocular lesions associated with various systemic diseases in 15 patients were studied by MR imaging. The disorders included diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, Behçet disease, sarcoidosis, and ankylosing spondylitis. MR was performed on a 0.5-T system using a surface-coil technique. Ophthalmoscopic visualization of the fundus was precluded by the presence of opaque media in all cases. MR was found to be effective in demonstrating intraocular bleeding, vitreous opacity, detached lesions of the posterior pole, and eyeball deformity. Surface-coil MR is a useful adjunct in the evaluation of the eyes affected by systemic diseases, especially in patients with opaque media.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surface coil MR imaging of orbital blowout fractures: a comparison with reformatted CT.

Four patients with orbital blowout fractures were evaluated by surface coil MR imaging, and the resulting images were compared with computer reformatted CT scans. The surface coil afforded significant improvement in spatial resolution, resulting in better demonstration of the blowout fracture. Surface coil MR was found superior to CT in the assessment of fracture site, extent of prolapsed orbital fat, and muscle entrapment.

Adolescent↗