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Biomedical subjects

H Treugut

Publications and source records attributed to H Treugut.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Differential diagnosis of posttraumatic pulmonary infiltrates].

The differential diagnostic value of radio-morphological criteria as well as the prognostic fate of pulmonary infiltrates was studied in 377 patients presenting with major traumatic infiltrates in the thorax. We found that neither the character of the infiltrates (alveolar/interstitial) nor their morphology (homogeneous/inhomogeneous, dense/dispersed) were suitable for differentiation owing to extensive overlapping. The localization of infiltration, otherwise a good diagnostic indicator, provided little reliable information either. Conversely, the time course of the infiltrates, especially the time of their first visualization, turned out to be the only criterion usable for differentiation. Patients studied immediately after or within hours of an accident exhibited contusion and aspiration infiltrates, with a delay of 1-2 days the infiltrates were mostly caused by fat embolism and ARDS, while pneumonic infiltrates appeared after at least 2 days. The course of the infiltrates further permits certain diagnostic conclusions, but it is of little help in establishing the primary diagnosis and may be usable for corrections at best. The relatively high specificity of the criterion "first appearance of infiltrates" may be reduced by the coincidence of several lesions or ensuing complications. In retrospect, it seems that a reliable radiological differential diagnosis of posttraumatic infiltrates is not possible, but satisfactory results can be achieved if specific X-ray criteria are viewed against an extensive clinical back-ground.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Computed tomographic diagnosis of renal tumors without using contrast media].

The question whether contrast medium is necessary for diagnosis of renal tumour in CT is studied on the basis of 80 histologically proven cases of hypernephroma. More than 97% of the tumours were diagnosed on plain scan. The presence of structural inhomogeneities was decisive for recognising tumours 2 cm and larger without the use of c.m. In disagreement with current opinion injection of c.m. is not necessary for exclusion of hypernephroma. Injection of c.m. is useful however for differentiating between physiological variations and tumours less than 3 cm in size, and for diagnosis of tumour thrombosis of the renal vein.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Adrenal cortex dysfunction: CT findings.

The computed tomographic appearance of the adrenal gland was studied in 302 patients with possible endocrinologic disease and 107 patients undergoing CT for nonendocrinologic reasons. Measurements of adrenal size were also made in 100 adults with no known adrenal pathology. CT proved to be a sensitive diagnostic tool in combination with clinical studies. When blood hormone levels are increased, CT can differentiate among homogeneous organic hyperplasia, nodular hyperplasia, benign adenoma, and malignant cortical adenoma. When blood hormone levels are decreased, CT can demonstrate hypoplasia or metastatic tumorous destruction. Calcifications or caseations can be demonstrated earlier than on plain radiographs. When hormone elimination is increased, the morphologic substrate can be identified; tumorous changes can be localized and infiltration of surrounding organs recognized.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

[Femur head necrosis in metabolic and hormonal osteopathies--a radiologic-morphologic analysis].

The pathogenesis of bone necrosis is discussed with special attention and with respect to metabolic, hormonal, and vascular factors. The influence of statics and dynamics of the hip joint bones for the development of aseptic necrosis are discussed. 45 patients with "idiopathic femoral head necroses" were observed, including 6 cases of renal osteopathy following renal transplantation and immune suppression therapy, 14 cases of long term corticoid therapy, and 11 cases of liver diseases of different genesis. The femoral head necrosis is understood as complication of an osteopathy. In our patients there were 31 males and 14 females - which means higher involvement of males. Plain radiological findings and CT-findings of changes of the femoral head structure in different stages of the disease are described. Early diagnosis of metabolic and hormonal osteopathies is demanded for a joint keeping therapy of the beginning femoral head necrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Innominate grooves. A discussion].

Innominate grooves are delicate, inconstant speculations on the colonic margin which may be seen on barium enemas; their origin and significance are matters for discussion. Three hundred and fifty-three double contrast enemas (divided into four groups, depending on the techniques uses) were studied in respect of the presence, localisation and circumstances under which innominate grooves could be seen. The results showed that the incidence of grooves depended on the technique used and varied between 91% and 3%. The most common localisations were the descending and sigmoid colon and in the transverse colon, near the hepatic flexure. The grooves could be seen only towards the end of the examination. It follows that innominate grooves are a normal phenomenon in a healthy mucosa, which can be recognised under optimal circumstances. It is probably due to visualisation of the relief pattern of the mucosa, the delicate folds being particularly noticeable in relation to lymph follicles. Innominate grooves should not be misinterpreted as abnormal findings, but must be distinguished from somewhat similar changes in the colon due to inflammatory disease.

Colon↗
PubMed1982

Computed tomography in the diagnosis of complications following renal allograft surgery.

Computed tomography was used in a consecutive series of 74 transplantations in the diagnosis of complications to renal allograft surgery. Thirty-nine peritransplant fluid collections were demonstrated, 13 of these were subjected to surgery. A diagnosis of the specific nature of the fluid collection was possible in cases of urine leakage and fresh hematomas. The method was sensitive in defining the size of the renal pelvis though differentiation between postrenal obstruction and large non-obstructed collecting system was not always possible. The cause of postrenal obstruction could be identified in 5 patients out of 10. Renal infarctions were diagnosed in 8 patients. Computed tomography seems to be a highly accurate method in the diagnosis of complications to renal allograft surgery. The method can be used independent of transplant function and the use of contrast medium is necessary only to verify urine leakage and infarction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[The "false-positive polyp" during contrast examination of the colon (author's transl)].

44 cases of false-positive radiological diagnosis of colonic polyps are reviewed with regard to cause, frequency, distribution and radiological criteria. Most common causes are scybala and air bubbles (77%) and effects of overlapping and projection (19%). Due to extensive folding of the colon misinterpretations are frequently seen in the sigmoid and in the area of both flexures; the folding allows overlapping of mucosal structures and trapping of bowel contents. The validity of roentgen signs in polyp diagnosis and the limits of colonoscopy are discussed. Diagnostic reliability may be improved by optimal technique of examination and standardized proceeding.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Transcatheter obliteration of the renal artery by ethanol injection: experimental results.

The sclerosing effect of the introduction of 95% ethanol into the renal artery was evaluated in eight rabbits and one pig. Longterm occlusion of the renal artery with ensuing infarction of the kidney could be produced by a small, easily tolerated dose. Several inherent drawbacks of currently used embolic sgents may be avoided with this technique, which is suggested for clinical trial.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Functional control of the renal transplant via sequential computerized tomography. First results (author's transl)].

The enhancement of cortex medulla and arteria iliaca can be visualized separately, evaluated densitometrically and represented graphically by means of sequential computerized tomography of the renal transplant following intravenous contrast medium bolus injection. Since this enhancement performance is mainly dependent on perfusion, it is possible to determine the perfusion value of individual measurement areas. For example, a cortical defective perfusion, as is known in rejection, becomes evident as a flattening-out of the initial rise of cortex enhancement and can be distinguished from the largely normal type of curve obtained in acute tubular necrosis (ATN). The angiographically known prolonged "wash-out time' in rejection corresponds to a long-lasting corticomedullary density gradient. Despite restricted informative value because of the relatively small number of patients, it appears that sequential computerized tomography enables differentiation of postoperative anuria.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[The diagnosis of renal perfusion abnormalities by sequential CT (author's transl)].

Abnormalities of renal perfusion can be recognised more readily by sequential CT than by a plain CT scan or after "static" enhancement with contrast medium. Haemodynamically significant stenoses of the renal arteries and total, or partial, infarct can be diagnosed in this way. Intrarenal and capsular collaterals can be recognised by slow contrast accumulation in the infarcted area, or by the development of contrast in the sub-capsular portion of the cortex. Renal cortical necrosis is very well demonstrated by the absence of cortical perfusion; this is seen, for instance, in the DIC syndrome or during rejection after renal transplant.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation↗
PubMed1981

[Diverticulitis of the right large bowel (author's transl)].

Perforation in the course of diverticulitis of the right side of the large bowel is a rare disease, which is mostly misinterpreted as appendicitis and generally disregarded in the differential diagnosis of pathological processes of the lower right abdomen. The results of radiological investigations (plane film, barium enema, CT) are demonstrated in two cases and diagnostic findings are discussed. Plane film of the abdomen allows only unspecific diagnosis of an inflammatory process in the right lower quadrant, barium enema reveals changes in the wall of the colon due to abscess formation. CT is also suitable to show those peridiverticular inflammatory changes, which lead to the right diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Benign chondroblastoma--malignant radiological appearances (author's transl)].

The very rare benign chondroblastoma occasionally invades soft tissues and may grow beyond the epiphysis into the metaphysis. In the present case such a tumour did not show the typical radiological appearances, but presented malignant features both on plain films and on the angiogram. The importance of biopsy of tumours which cannot be identified with certainty must be stressed before radical surgery is carried out.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[In vitro tests of barium sulphate suspensions for double contrast examinations of the stomach (author's transl)].

Four barium sulphate suspensions were investigated with respect to their adhesion and contrast following standard means of spreading the contrast over a model stomach, which corresponds in its detailed structure with the surface of the gastric mucosa. By this means various factors, which make a true comparison in vivo impossible, could be eliminated and a comparison of the suspensions became possible. Using similar mechanical and chemical situations, the radiographs of the artificial mucosa showed very different results from the use of the different preparations. These corresponded well with the findings in vivo.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1980

[Transfemoral portography (author's transl)].

In 15 cadavers the portal vein was dissected and punctured from the inferior vena cava by means of a coaxial needle (Johnson needle) introduced through the femoral vein. Success was confirmed by screening after contrast injection, by appropriate radiographs and following the use of coloured material by inspection. A modification of the technique was the use of a catheter introduced into the femoral vein by the Seldinger technique. In only one case was extravasation observed, and there was not incorrect injection into the inferior vena cava. These experiments demonstrate the feasibility of transfemoral portography. Its use in patients would also appear to be possible. The puncture is best carried out by radiographic observation and real time ultra sound. Possible complications from damage to neighbouring structures and from bleeding are possible, though apparently not serious. The indications and possible modifications of transfemoral portography are discussed and compared with other methods. The possibility of performing a portocaval shunt by means of the catheter in order to stop bleeding from oesophageal varices is stressed.

Angiography↗
PubMed1980

Pulmonary involvement by Echinococcus alveolaris.

Twenty cases of pulmonary involvement by E. alveolaris were analyzed and classified into one of two radiological types-Type l: multiple, small, ill-defined, irregular lesions that are peripherally located and develop slowly; and Type II: variable changes of the right lung base. Type 1 has a hematogenous metastatic origin, while Type II is caused by hepatic processes penetrating the hemidiaphragm. Differential diagnosis, which includes neoplasms and infections, specifically E. cysticus, is difficult. Diagnosis appears to be possible only when based on a combination of Type 1 changes, laboratory findings, and geographic occurrence.

Adult↗