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Biomedical subjects

H Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to H Uchida.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Adult T-cell leukemia developing during immunosuppressive treatment in a renal transplant recipient.

We report a case of a 32-year-old male, an asymptomatic carrier of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), who underwent a renal transplantation and developed adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) during the course of posttransplant immunosuppressive treatment. He was treated with combination chemotherapies consisting of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, prednisolone, cisplatin, cytosine arabinoside, etoposide, and methyl-prednisolone, without any improvement. Bestrabucil (KM2210), a conjugate of chlorambucil and estradiol, was administered as an alternative therapy; this therapy successfully suppressed his leukemic cell growth, and partial remission was achieved. Posttransplant immunosuppressive therapy with prednisolone, mizoribine, and cyclosporin A might have been the predominant cause of the transition from an asymptomatic HTLV-1 infection to overt ATL. A careful approach is required with HTLV-1 asymptomatic carriers who need organ transplantation followed by immunosuppressive treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Two subtypes of HLA-B51 differing by substitution at position 171 of the alpha 2 helix.

Newly defined antigens of the B5, B35 cross-reacting group have been found in Japanese and North American Indians. Nucleotide sequencing of the alleles encoding the Japanese B5.35 antigen and the variant B5 antigen from the Piman Indians show them to be identical. This new allele, B*5102, differs from B*5101 by a single nucleotide substitution that changes residue 171 from histidine to tyrosine. Residue 171, which is part of the alpha 2 helix, is believed to contribute directly to peptide interaction in the A pocket of the binding groove and is either histidine or tyrosine in all HLA-A, B, C heavy chains. Tyrosine 171 is shared by B*5102, B*3501, B*3502, and B*5301 and must be responsible for the serological cross-reactivities of these molecules not shared with B*5101. Stimulation of lymphocytes from a B*5101 positive donor with B*5102 positive cells failed to generate cytotoxic T cells with specificity for the difference between these molecules. However, one out of five clones of cytotoxic T cells raised against B*5101 failed to lyse targets expressing B*5102. Substitution of histidine for tyrosine at residue 171 affected recognition of HLA-B35-restricted human minor histocompatibility antigen-specific T cell clones.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Rectal bioavailability of 6-mercaptopurine in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: partial avoidance of "first-pass" metabolism.

Plasma levels and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) values of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) were determined in a balanced crossover study of oral (powder) and rectal (macrogol suppository) administration to 5 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). The AUC (538.6 ng.h.ml-1) after the rectal dose of 30 mg/m2 was approximately 1.5-times of that (365.5 ng.h.ml-1) after the oral dose of 87.5 mg/m2. The coefficients of variation of interindividual variability of the AUCs were 21.5% and 32.3%, respectively. The relative bioavailability of the macrogol suppository compared to the powder was approximately 4.39. These findings indicate that rectal administration of 6-MP could avoid the first-pass effect of this drug in the alimentary canal and/or liver, resulting in a large AUC of 6-MP, and so could reduce interindividual variability in plasma 6-MP concentrations. Rectal administration of 6-MP may be more effective than empirical oral dosing for the treatment of children with ALL, especially for patients with nausea and/or vomiting.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

Spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma: an approach with delayed hepatectomy.

Two cirrhotic patients with ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), presenting with hemoperitoneum, were successfully treated by elective hepatectomy. Both of these patients, a 67-year-old female and a 76-year-old male, had first been taken to other primary hospitals by ambulance due to hypovolemic shock. They were then found to have a mass of approximately 5 cm in the cirrhotic liver. In the initial management, however, neither any direct hemostasis by surgery nor indirect measures such as transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization were performed in either case. Instead, conservative treatment consisting mainly of fresh blood and plasma transfusions were continued for more than a month until the liver function stabilized. In both hepatectomies, the use of a microwave tissue coagulator resulted in minimal intra-operative blood loss and an appreciably excellent post-operative course. These cases point to the effectiveness of a "wait and see" policy for selected patients with ruptured HCC.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Effectiveness of Lipiodol in transcatheter arterial embolization of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The effectiveness of Lipiodol (iodized oil) in transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was retrospectively evaluated using statistical analysis. A total of 343 HCC patients who underwent TAE at 5 institutions between 1984 and 1989 were divided into 2 groups: the GS-TAE group underwent TAE with Gelfoam sponge alone, whereas the LP-TAE group was given Lipiodol (LP) immediately before GS-TAE. The statistical T value calculated for the LP-TAE group showed that the administration of LP, the tumor size, intrahepatic metastasis, portal vein infiltration, and serum total bilirubin and alpha-fetoprotein levels significantly (P < 0.01) affected the patients' survival. Both the cumulative survival determined using the Kaplan-Meier model and the cumulative hazard calculated using Cox's proportional hazard model differed significantly (P < 0.01) between the GS-TAE group and the LP-TAE group (log-rank test). These results confirmed the effectiveness of LP used in combination with Gelfoam sponge for TAE of HCC.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

In vitro comparison of the spiral Z stent and the Gianturco Z stent.

A new spiral Z stent is described, and its characteristics are compared in vitro with those of the modified Gianturco Z stent. The spiral Z stent has a more uniform expansile force throughout its effective length; is more compressible, thus allowing for use of a smaller introductory catheter; and is more stable than the modified Z stent. Flexibility of both stent types is similar. Advantages of the spiral Z stent promise to be beneficial for clinical use.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1992

Decreased insulin-sensitive Ca2+ transport in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats.

To investigate the role of insulin on Ca2+ regulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in hypertension, the effect of insulin on Ca2+ transport and intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured in cultured VSMC from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). Insulin produced a substantial increase in 45Ca uptake as well as [Ca2+]i in quiescent cultured VSMC. The stimulatory effects of insulin were completely inhibited by diltiazem, and partially by H-7, TMB-8, and 5-N,N(hexamethylene)amiloride (HMA), but not by W-7 or trifluoroperazine. Insulin-sensitive 45Ca uptake of SHR VSMC was significantly smaller than that of WKY VSMC. Insulin-sensitive increase in [Ca2+]i of SHR VSMC was also smaller than that of WKY VSMC. It is concluded that insulin increases 45Ca uptake, leading to an increase in [Ca2+]i, presumably through the voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel, intracellular Ca2+ release, or protein kinase C mediated mechanisms in cultured VSMC. A blunted response of insulin-sensitive Ca2+ uptake and [Ca2+]i in SHR VSMC suggests the differential regulation of Ca2+ transport in response to insulin in primary hypertension.

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗
PubMed1992

Experimental metastasis of oncogene-transformed NIH 3T3 cells in chick embryo.

By means of a highly sensitive and quantitative assay for specific detection of metastasized tumor cells in chick embryonic organs using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we have examined the experimental metastatic ability of individual clones of NIH 3T3 cells, transformed with oncogenes: v-Ki-ras, v-Ha-ras, v-src, v-fos, and v-abl. Such a transformed clone had different metastatic abilities in different embryonic organs. Among them, two clones of NIH 3T3 cells transformed with ras-oncogenes (v-Ki-ras or v-Ha-ras) metastasized to liver and lungs of chick embryo, and grew there more rapidly than the other clones. The parental NIH 3T3 cells were detected as slight bands of PCR products after iv injection, indicating some cells were trapped in chick embryonic organs, but did not grow. These findings indicate that the transformed cells are able to invade the organ tissues and grow in embryonic chick organs, but non-metastatic cells such as the untransformed-NIH 3T3 cells are not able to grow in the secondary sites. These experiments clearly demonstrate the usefulness of this assay system to study genes involved in malignant transformation.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1992

Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (PIVKA-II) and alpha-fetoprotein-producing IIc-type early gastric cancer.

We describe the case of a 56-yr-old man with primary gastric adenocarcinoma, who had an extremely high plasma level of des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (2.45 AU/ml) and of serum alpha-fetoprotein (2810 ng/ml). Histopathologically, the gastric cancer was a IIc type of early cancer which consisted of a combination of a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and a well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. The association of a hepatic tumor including hepatocellular carcinoma or liver metastasis was ruled out by ultrasonography, computed tomography, radiocolloid liver scan, magnetic resonance imaging, and angiography. Foci strongly resembling hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoid differentiation) were noted in the gastric tumor. Localization of des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin and alpha-fetoprotein within the tumor cells, especially within the hepatoid differentiated foci, was demonstrated by the immunohistochemical staining of tissue obtained at biopsy and the resected specimen. This case seems to be the first case reported in which des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin was produced by the gastric cancer. This finding supports the theory of hepatoid differentiation of a gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[Usefulness of segmental Lp-TAE using lipiodol mixed with anticancer agent for inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma].

To determine the effect of appraising subsegmental or segmental transarterial embolization with Lipiodol mixed with anticancer drugs followed by gelatin particles (Segmental Lp-TAE) on inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma, we examined CT patterns and therapeutic results in 57 patients after Segmental Lp-TAE. Fifty-six tumors including 47 tumors less than 5 cm in size were the nodular type and 1 tumor was the massive type. The mean tumor size was 3.6 cm and the mean amount of Lipiodol was 4.4 ml. Portal veins in the embolized segment were highly visualized by injected Lipiodol on plain film immediately after Segmental Lp-TAE. On the follow-up CT, the size of the tumor with dense Lipiodol accumulation were reduced in all cases, and atrophy of the embolized segment was recognized. Forty-four of the 57 patients are alive, with the longest surviving patient still alive at 4 years and 5 months. Seventeen patients have survived for more than 2 years (direct crude survival rate: 65.0%), with the cumulative survival rates 93.2% at 1 year, 71.6% at 2 years. No recurrence was recognized in 33 of the 41 patients (80.0%) that were followed up for more than 1 year after Segmental Lp-TAE is a useful therapeutic method for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of prostaglandin E1 on peripheral body temperature in pediatric patients after open heart surgery].

The effect of prostaglandin E1 was studied to examine if it works favorably for peripheral circulation in pediatric patients after cardiac surgery. Dose of 0.1 mcg.kg-1.min-1 increased temperature of dorsal pedis significantly. Difference of temperature of dorsalis pedis and that of rectum was significantly smaller than that in control group. A significant increase in heart rate and a decrease in systolic arterial pressure produced no clinical side effects. We conclude that prostaglandin E1 is a useful and safe vasodilator for circulatory management of pediatric patients after cardiac surgery.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Multiple hemangiopericytomas of the spleen.

Splenic tumors are uncommon. Described is a 58-yr-old man with multiple hemangiopericytomas of the spleen. Hemangiopericytoma is categorized as a benign vascular tumor, but has a relatively high malignant potential. A review of the literature shows that the case we present is only the second ever reported of a tumor originating from the spleen. Radiological findings and the treatment of the tumor are discussed.

Hemangiopericytoma↗
PubMed1992

[Effects of prostaglandin E1 and epidural block on circulatory, hepatic and renal functions during anesthesia for major upper abdominal surgeries].

The effects of low dose (0.02 microgram.kg-1.min-1) prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), epidural block (EP) or combination of PGE1 and EP (PGE1 + EP) under general anesthesia on circulatory, hepatic and renal functions were studied in 31 patients undergoing major upper abdominal surgeries without hepatic or renal dysfunction preoperatively. Mean arterial pressure decreased by 10% in PGE1 and EP groups, while 20% in PGE1 + EP group. Cardiac output decreased significantly in EP group, increased in PGE1 group and was unaltered in PGE1 + EP group during anesthesia and the operation. The arterial ketone body ratio as a hepatic function test increased following the administration of PGE1 or epidural block. Urine output, osmotic clearance and free water clearance were higher in PGE1 + EP group during the operation. These results suggest that the combination of low dose PGE1 and epidural block maintain cardiac output and organ blood flow during anesthesia and surgery in spite of a greater decrease in arterial blood pressure.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1992

Protective effect of the new antiplatelet agent 2-methyl-3-(1,4,5,6-tetrahydronicotinoyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine on myocardial damage due to coronary occlusion and reperfusion in rabbit.

The effects of KC-764 (2-methyl-3-(1,4,5,6-tetrahydronicotinoyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine, CAS 94457-09-7) on infarct size, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and plasma prostanoid levels were studied using coronary artery occlusion (1 h)-reperfusion (3 h) model in rabbits, comparing with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Myocardial infarct size, MPO activity in the infarcted region and plasma glutamate oxalo-acetate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase were significantly suppressed by treatment with KC-764 (2 mg/kg i.v.), but not by ASA (10 mg/kg i.v.). KC-764 completely depressed the increase in plasma TXB2 level during occlusion-reperfusion with a little influence on plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. Thus, the ratio of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha to TXB2 levels was increased by KC-764. On the other hand, ASA treatment depressed both plasma TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels to the same extent. The in vitro study with guinea-pig neutrophils showed that KC-764 reduced the chemotaxis induced by formyl-methionyl-leucyl- phenylalanine at 3 x 10(7)-3 x 10(-6) mol/l, while ASA did not influence the neutrophil chemotaxis. These results suggest that KC-764 may salvage the damaged ischemic myocardium by the selective inhibition of TXA2 synthesis and the suppression of leukocyte migration.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗