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Biomedical subjects

H V Roohk

Publications and source records attributed to H V Roohk.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Cardiac assist by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with in-line left ventricular venting.

We have used a canine heart failure model and extracorporeal circulation to study the limitations of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for the treatment of cardiac failure. ECMO does not routinely achieve total biventricular bypass and does not effectively decompress the failing left ventricle. The addition of an in-line left ventricular vent (ECMO-lv) provided total biventricular bypass and complete left ventricular decompression in every experiment. ECMO-lv merits consideration as a biventricular bypass system for total mechanical support of the failing heart.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenator support for cardiopulmonary failure. Experience in 28 cases.

We have used extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for 28 patients (14 children and 14 adults) over a 5 year period. Nine patients improved on ECMO and 5 were long-term survivors. ECMO was used for pulmonary insufficiency in 24 patients. Initially, only moribund patients were treated, but recently the combination of open lung biopsy and pulmonary insufficiency index (PII) has been used to select patients. The best results have been obtained in newborn cases and the adult capillary leak syndromes; the major problem has been progression to fibrosis despite ECMO support. ECMO was used for cardiac failure in 4 patients. Children with postoperative cardiac failure did the best; profound shock was not reversed with venoarterial bypass. ECMO support is lifesaving in selected cases of pulmonary insufficiency. Initial trials in cardiac failure and the infant age group in this series suggest that ECMO will have an even greater role in those applications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Kinetics of fibrinogen and platelet adherence to biomaterials.

The initial task was to establish a conceptually and materially simple test procedure that could quantitate and evaluate the thrombogenic potential of a biomaterial surface. Since the primary events of thrombus formation on prosthetic surfaces are believed to involve the deposition of a plasma protein monolayer followed by platelet adhesion to its fibrinogen component, it seemed reasonable to focus on the binding kinetics of fibrinogen and platelets to a commonly used biomaterial. Employing solutions of 125I-fibrinogen in buffered saline, the adsorption characteristics of several types of biomedical tubing could be compared, and the competition and exchange among plasma proteins at surface binding sites of PVC were evaluated. Human platelets with 51Cr were found to adhere to PVC surfaces proportional to surface fibrinogen concentration, but only in the presence of plasma; the circulation of labelled platelets in buffered saline only resulted in significant adherence to the native surface, while surface fibrinogen was inhibitory. Physiological concentrations of albumin were the most effective in preventing both fibrinogen adsorption and platelet adherence. The most important consequence of this work, perhaps, is the many avenues of future experimentation discovered from this methodological approach, not only in the thrombogenic evaluation of a specific biomedical surface, but also in the delineation of thrombogenic sequelae in general.

Adhesiveness↗