PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Vallés Varela

Publications and source records attributed to H Vallés Varela.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Cochlear implants using the Ultracision harmonic scalpel].

We have evaluated the utility, indications and disadvantages of the Ultracision harmonic scalpel, in the cochlear implants, and his advantages compare to other electrocoagulation's systems. These aspects were evaluated in 50 cases of cochlear implants, made along the last years. We concluded that the Ultracision harmonic scalpel is indicated, mainly, in the otology field, in these situations in wich the cochlear implant is in the cochlea, and is mandatory the use of an electrocoagulation system. In this situation, the Ultracision harmonic scalpel was quick, safe and sure, and with many advantages, over the traditional scalpel and the bipolar diathermy.

Cochlear Implantation↗
PubMed2001

[Auditory training with wide-band white noise].

The auditory training with wide-band white noise is a methodology for the qualitative recovery of the hearing loss in people suffering from sensorineural hearing loss. It is based on the application of a wide-band modified noise which we will call "K-noise". The auditory trainer GAES 100 KT is a voice amplifier device with earphone outlets. It incorporates a wide-band noise generator which produces a noise that is a mixture of all the audibles frequencies. Therefore, it stimulates all the sensory cells in the organ of Corti, but from 1000 Hz it has a progressive fall towards the high pitch of 6 db per octave. This device consists of a series of controls which make possible to apply both the noise and the phonetic materials--texts and words lists that the therapist's voice presents--to either one of the ears or to both of them, in different intensities and for different periods of time. In this first article of our study of the auditory training with wide-band white noise we will review the different methods of hearing training and present not only the basic concepts on auditory training, but also the systematic we have followed to apply it.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed2001

[Auditory training with wide-band white noise: effects on the verbal discrimination].

The auditory training with wide-band white noise is a methodology for the qualitative recovery of the hearing loss in people suffering from sensorineural hearing loss. It is based on the application of a wide-band white modified noise. In a prospective study, we have assessed the modifications of the verbal reception threshold URV), the maximum discrimination (Dmax), and the discrimination coefficient (Kd) in a sample of 48 patients, who have followed a program of 15 auditory training with wide-band white noise sessions. The average improvements of the verbal discrimination variables expressed in percentage are 4.23% for the URV, a 9.04% for the kd, a 17.87% for the Dmax, and 4.32%, 10.05%, 13.04% for the binaural URV, Kd and Dmax respectively. From our results, it can be deduced that the auditory training with wide-band white noise improves the verbal discrimination measures. Not only it allows to reach the verbal reception threshold at a lower intensity, but also it moves the discrimination line towards the left. Furthermore, it increases the maximum discrimination both in binaural measurements and in those which consider all the ears.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed2001

[Auditory training with wide-band white noise: effects on the recruitment (III)].

The auditory training with wide-band white noise is a methodology for the qualitative recovery of the hearing loss in people suffering from sensorineural hearing loss. It is based on the application of a wide-band white modified noise. In a prospective study, we have assessed the modifications of the recruitment coefficient in a sample of 48 patients who have followed a program of 15 auditory training with wide-band white noise sessions. The average improvement of the recruitment coefficient expressed in percentage is a 7.7498%, which comes up to 23.5249% in the case of a binaural recruitment coefficient. From our results, it can be deduced that the auditory training with wide-band white noise reduces the recruitment. That is to say, the decrease of the recruitment in high intensities both binaurally and in all ears.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed2000

[Immunohistochemical expression of P53 suppressor genes and retinoblastoma in laryngeal carcinoma].

Carcinoma of the larynx is responsible for 1% of all tumors and for 25% of oncologic disease of the head and neck. Tumor suppressor genes control cell proliferation by suppressing specific mechanisms that stimulate the proliferative response. Rb and p53, both nuclear, are the most studied tumor suppressor genes. We evaluated the immunoexpression of these markers in 72 carcinomas of the larynx and correlated it with patients' clinical parameters: age, sex, occupation, tobacco and alcohol use, marital status, etc. Biological and anatomopathological parameters (tumor stage, histological type, degree of local invasion, and lymph node metastases) also were studied. Statistically significant differences were found in mean immunostaining for the Rb gene with respect to histological grade, lymph node enlargement, and smoking. We observed no positive correlation between p53 and the classic clinical-pathological parameters, although important trends were evident, as well as relatively frequent immunostaining (about 40%) of the total neoplastic population.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Study of bcl-2 oncogene in squamous-cell carcinoma of the larynx].

Apoptosis is a special type of programmed cell death that occurs in the embryonic period, in normal adult tissues, and in several pathological situations. The Bcl-2 gene (B-cell leukemia/lymphoma) is the first member of an oncogene family whose main function is to increase cell survival and inhibit apoptosis, thus participating in the carcinogenic process. This relationship motivated our study of antiapoptosis through the immunohistochemical expression of Bcl-2 oncogene in 72 patients with cancer of the larynx who underwent surgery in our department. The correlation between immunohistochemical expression and clinical factors was analyzed: age, sex, work, smoking and drinking history, marital status, etc., as well as other known biological and histopathological prognostic factors (tumoral stage, histological grade, neck metastases, and local invasion). Bcl-2 expression showed a statistically significant correlation with histological grade and regional lymph node involvement, but no correlation with the other parameters studied.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Congenital absence of major salivary glands].

Congenital absence of major salivary glands is infrequent, with only a few cases in the world medical literature. We found 30 documented cases in a bibliographic search. We report a case of total agenesia of the parotid gland diagnosed in the course of a study motivated by symptoms of facial pain and the temporomandibular joint. Agenesia of a major salivary gland (specially the partial ones) usually develops with no manifestation that motivates the patient to seek treatment. Parotid aplasia can be an isolated finding or associated with the absence of other glands or with abnormalities such as aplasia of the lacrimal gland, mandibulofacial dysostosis, and ectodermic dysplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Immunohistochemical markers of cell proliferation in laryngeal carcinoma].

Although several clinicopathological factors may contribute to the prognosis of laryngeal carcinoma, these factors are still uncertain because the carcinogenesis process and malignant behavior are not well known. Immunohistochemical methods using two important markers, PCNA and Ki67 antigen, were used to assess proliferative activity in malignant laryngeal lesions. We studied the correlation between expression of these markers and clinical factors in 72 patients with carcinoma of the larynx: age, sex, occupation, smoking, alcohol consumption, marital status, etc. We also analyzed other known biological and histopathological prognostic factors (tumor stage, histological grade, lymph node metastases, and local invasion). PCNA and Ki-67 expression differed significantly in relation to histological grade and lymph node involvement. No associations were seen between the expression of PCNA and Ki-67 antigens and other study parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Malignant melanoma of the middle ear, a rare site].

Melanomas of upper airway tract constitute around 1% of the total melanomas of head and neck. It's for this reason we cannot forget their location in middle ear, although it is truly rare, and we have only found three cases published in literature. We report a patient of 75 years old, who went to our hospital with otorrhea of two months of evolution, with subjective sensation of deafness. In the exploration ENT a bleeding neoformation was observed by otoscopy, which occupied all external auditory canal. The biopsy of this neoformation was informed as malignant neoplasm. These cells show a little cytoplasmic melanotic pigment and were positive to the tinction with Masson Fontana, as well as to the immunohistochemical antibodies S-100 and HMB-45. These antibodies are specific of malignant melanoma. We had a low opinion of surgical treatment because the affectation of the temporal bone and the size of melanoma. Because of badly prognosis, our patient died six months after the diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Invasive giant prolactinoma].

Large prolactin-secreting tumors are rare and their endocrinological and surgical management may be complex. We report the case of a patient with a prolonged history of unilateral tinnitus and sensation of a stopped-up ear who had a very large, invasive and aggressive tumor of the sphenoidal region with bone destruction, invasion of structures in every direction from the sellar region and extracranial extension to the ethmoid and nasopharynx. Serum prolactin level at the time of diagnosis was 16,860 ng/ml (normal: 3-17 ng/ml). Medical treatment with bromocriptine reduced the prolactin level to 31 ng/ml and reduced the size of the tumor, although less than expected. The literature is reviewed and the rarity of such large, invasive prolactinomas is highlighted, as well as the absence of symptoms and signs suggesting the presence of such a large tumor of the skull base.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The influence of hypercholesterolemia and noise on human auditory function].

A cross-sectional study on occupational noise exposure and hypercholesterolemia was conducted in a group of 1.209 workers exposed to industrial noise. Clinical examinations and audiograms were compared in exposed and not exposed subjects to noise. There was a strong relationship between severe noise induced hearing loss and hypercholesterolemia in all de workers. But the relationship was not convincing when the workers were considered stratified in groups of age, because the number of hard of hearing labourers with high levels of cholesterol, increases as they get older. The AA, support the point of view that the age is an important confounding factor, and in their study there is no relation between noise induced hearing loss and hypercholesterolemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnostic role of the biopsy in angiofibroma of the cavum].

The AA. inform about the case of a child, 13, with an antro-choanal Polyp of angiofibromatous structure, diagnosed as Angiofibroma. Though in the greater number of instances the arteriography is enough to support the suspicion, the confirmation through histopathology is compulsory.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Fiber endoscopy of the nasopharynx: its indications].

The AA have planned a series of indications regarding the endoscopy of the nasoopharynx. Among 631 explorations done in a three-year term, normal findings were seen in 260 subjects. In the other cases several aspects of the inflammatory or neoplastic pathology could be verified. One individual showed an esthesioneuroblastoma in an early evolutive stage.

Endoscopy↗