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Biomedical subjects

H Van Pelt

Publications and source records attributed to H Van Pelt.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

The transmandibular implant: from progressive bone loss to controlled bone growth.

PURPOSE: In a prospective study, 146 consecutive transmandibular implant (TMI) patients were treated according to revised surgical and prosthetic protocols to induce and control bone growth. Revisions included 1) placement of transosseous posts and cortical screws between the mental foramina so that two threads extended beyond the alveolar crest of the mandible without protruding through the mucosa and 2) fabrication of an implant-borne prosthesis that rested on the retromolar pads with a gap of 2 mm between the denture base and the mucosal tissues in the saddle areas. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Measurements of the height of the mandible were made using a digital millimeter calliper and panoramic radiographs, with the enlargement calculated for each radiograph. The follow-up period ranged from 18 to 51 months. RESULTS: Bone growth was present in 131 of the 146 patients whereas the bone resorption was arrested in the remaining patients. Increase in bony apposition varied from 9 mm in patients with severe mandibular atrophy to 2 mm in patients with mild atrophy. CONCLUSION: The revised surgical and prosthetic protocols for TMI insertion and rehabilitation are advocated to prevent further alveolar resorption and to promote bone growth in patients with mandibular atrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

In vitro activity of commonly used oral antimicrobial agents against community isolates of respiratory pathogens.

The in vitro activity of ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefadroxil, cefaclor, cefuroxime (axetil), co-trimoxazole, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, erythromycin, and roxithromycin was tested against unselected isolates of S. pneumoniae (70), H. influenzae (93), and M. catarrhalis (46), cultured from clinically significant sputum samples of general practice patients. All isolates of S. pneumoniae were highly susceptible to ampicillin; cefadroxil and cefaclor were markedly less active on a weight basis; resistance was only observed with co-trimoxazole (4.3%), doxycycline (5.7%), and erythromycin (2.9%); however, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin showed median MICs (MIC50), that were only one dilution below breakpoint. Beta-lactamase was detected in 14.0% of H. influenzae isolates; all isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefaclor, and cefuroxime (axetil), although MICs were generally higher for cefaclor; the highest activity was exhibited by ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin; apart from cefadroxil, erythromycin, and roxithromycin, that showed only marginal activity, resistance was observed with co-trimoxazole (4.3%) and doxycycline (1.1%). All (including 71.7% of beta-lactamase producing) isolates of M. catarrhalis were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefaclor and cefuroxime (axetil), although MICs were markedly lower for amoxicillin/clavulanate; ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin showed the lowest MICs; resistance was only observed with cefadroxil (2.2%). In conclusion, the antimicrobial agents showing the most uniformly high in vitro activity against the 3 common community respiratory pathogens tested in the present study, were amoxicillin/clavulanate and, to a lesser extent, cefuroxime (axetil).

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗