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Biomedical subjects

H Vlajinac

Publications and source records attributed to H Vlajinac.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Outbreak of early syphilis in an institution for the care of adults with mental disorders.

This paper describes the features of an outbreak of early syphilis in an institution for the care of adults with mental disorders. A case-note review was performed. In the period June to November 2001, 87 cases of syphilis were diagnosed [25 primary, 21 secondary and 41 early latent syphilis in 983 inmates (crude attack rate 8.9%)]. Among them 82 were heterosexual, four were homosexual or bisexual, and for one case sexual preference was not established. About half the cases were known to be promiscuous. The initial case was not identified. Penicillin therapy was administered to all cases and all known or suspected sexual contacts. Sporadic cases of syphilis have, however, continued to emerge from time to time. Institutions for patients with mental disorders are vulnerable to sexually transmitted diseases, and special strategies should be devised for their control.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Blood pressure levels in 7 to 14-year-old Belgrade children.

The objective of the work was to study blood pressure and some anthropometric characteristics in children. The study design included the prevalence study at Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro. The study comprised 1651 subjects (809 boys and 842 girls) aged 7-14 years, that is, 2.6% of all relevant population. The average levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP) were 113.4/70.3 mmHg in boys and 114.6/71.1 mmHg in girls. High SBP was present in 4.7% of boys and in 5.3% of girls. High DBP was found in 5.6% of boys and in 4.8% of girls. According to multivariate regression analysis, in boys SBP and DBP were significantly associated with age, body mass index (BMI) and subscapular skinfold, SBP was also associated with body weight, and DBP with triceps skinfold. In girls, SBP was significantly related to BMI, suprailiac skinfold and body height, and DBP was significantly associated with BMI, suprailiac and subscapular skinfolds. The results of the present study support the opinion that BMI is a significant predictor of blood pressure in children and point out to suprailiac skinfold in girls as a possible predictor of blood pressure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Case-control study of female thyroid cancer--menstrual, reproductive and hormonal factors.

A case-control study including 204 histologically verified female thyroid cancer patients and an equal number of hospital controls individually matched with cases by sex, age (+/- 2 years), place of residence and time of hospitalization was performed during the period 1996-2000. In the analysis of data, univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression, methods were applied. According to multivariate analysis, out of hormonal, menstrual and reproductive characteristics, risk factors for thyroid cancer were spontaneous abortions (odds ratio: OR = 1.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03-3.50), oral contraceptives use (OR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.31-4.18) and thyroid enlargement during pregnancy (OR = 16.44, 95% CI = 3.81-70.80). However, none of these three factors remained independently related to thyroid cancer after adjustment for other factors, which were significantly associated with thyroid cancer in the present study (history of residence in endemic goitre area, history of goitre or thyroid nodule, history of other endocrine diseases, radioactive iodine therapy, occupational exposure to various chemicals, family history of thyroid gland diseases and malignant tumours as well as intake of cruciferous vegetables and other vegetables, and consumption of smoked meat and cheese).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Family history and risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

The aim of the study was to evaluate association of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents with positive family history of type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and thyroid, adrenal, rheumatic, allergic, celiac and some other diseases. A case-control study was conducted in Belgrade. The case group comprised 105 subjects < or = 16 years old who were for the first time hospitalized because of type 1 diabetes during the period 1994-1997. For each case, two controls were chosen among children and adolescents treated for skin diseases. Cases and controls were individually matched by age (+/- one year), sex and place of residence (all were from Belgrade). In the statistical analyses we used chi(2)-test, Fisher's exact test and univariate and multivariate logistic regressions. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, risk of type 1 diabetes was significantly associated with a positive family history for type 1 diabetes (OR = 4.04; 95% CI, 2.31-7.07), allergic diseases (OR = 3.32; 95% CI, 1.63-6.76), celiac and Crohn's diseases (OR = 11.02; 95% CI, 1.14-106.89) and other diseases (thrombocytopenia, alopecia areata, psoriasis, chronic uveitis and pernicious anemia; OR = 3.63; 95% CI, 1.05-12.48).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Personality dimensions of sexually transmitted disease repeaters assessed with the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the personality characteristics of patients with repeated sexually transmitted diseases (STD). METHOD: A case-control study comparing 101 STD repeaters (subjects with a lifetime history of three or more STDs) with 182 controls who had no history of STD. All subjects attended the City Department for Skin and Venereal Diseases in Belgrade (Yugoslavia) from June 1997 to April 1998. Personality characteristics was assessed by the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI). RESULTS: The analysis of MCMI test showed that STD repeaters had higher scores on narcissistic, antisocial and paranoid scales. The difference between STD repeaters and the controls was significant on antisocial, psychotic thinking and psychotic delusion scales, although scores on clinical syndromes were low for both cases and controls. Discriminant analysis showed that antisocial personality was predictive for STD repeaters. CONCLUSIONS: This study support the hypothesis that STD repeaters are different from controls in terms of their psychological characteristics. The behaviour of STD repeaters is ego-syntonic, which makes the treatment of their personality difficult and emphasizes the importance of work on primary and secondary prevention of STD.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Prevalence of menstrually related migraine and nonmigraine primary headache in female students of Belgrade University.

OBJECTIVES: To determine prevalence and characteristics of menstrually related migraine and nonmigraine headache in female students of Belgrade University. METHODS: A questionnaire was administered to female students during randomly selected classes of the Schools of Medicine and Pharmacy. Diagnoses were assigned according to the criteria of the International Headache Society and MacGregor's stricter definition of "menstrual" migraine. RESULTS: Of 1943 female students (18 to 28 years old), 1298 (66.8%) had primary headaches. Among 1298 students with headache, 245 (12.6%) had migraine and 1053 (54.2%) had nonmigraine headache. The prevalence rates of migraine versus nonmigraine headache in relation to the menstrual cycle were: premenstrual, 0.9% versus 4.4%; menstrual, 1.5% versus 1.5%; menstrually associated, 6.1% versus 10.1%; menstrually unchanged, 2.7% versus 19.2%; and menstrually unrelated, 1.4% versus 18.9%. Female students with migraine had menstrually related attacks more frequently than students with nonmigraine headache (67.7% versus 29.5%). This difference was most prominent among students with menstrual migraine compared with students with menstrual nonmigraine headache (12.2% versus 2.7%). Exacerbation of migraine during menstruation was slightly more severe and more complex than exacerbation of nonmigraine headache. Female students with migraine versus nonmigraine headache did not differ significantly in age, age at onset of menarche, or age at onset of headache. Female students with migraine were significantly more likely to report a positive family history for migraine and menstrual migraine, severe attacks, reduced work activity, and aura. CONCLUSION: The results obtained are in accord with the prevailing opinion that there is a relationship between migraine and female sex hormones, and suggest that women with nonmigraine headache are also susceptible to hormonal fluctuations.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Smoking as risk factor for cervical cancer.

In a matched case-control study which comprised 33 cases with cervical carcinoma in situ, 67 cases with invasive cervical cancer, and 100 hospital controls, ever-smoking was found to be significantly related to cervical cancer (Odds ratio = 5.9, 95% confidence interval = 1.2-29.3) after adjustment for a variety of confounding variables.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Incidence of gonorrhea in Belgrade, 1988-1994.

The incidence of gonorrhea in Belgrade decreased 55.5% from 1988 to 1994, but a decreasing trend of gonorrhea incidence actually started many years before. In all age groups gonorrhea incidence was higher in men than women, and the male/female ratio increased with age. The incidence was highest in men and women 20-29 years old. In both sexes the lowest incidence was below 15 years of age and in persons 50 or more years of age. In men, service and industrial workers were the most frequently affected by gonorrhea. In women the disease was commonest among unemployed persons and among workers of the service and industrial sectors. In both sexes gonorrhea infection was commonest in populations who had never married, and in the divorced population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in Belgrade, Yugoslavia.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of chronic arthritis with special reference to rheumatoid arthritis. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was performed during the years 1990 and 1991 in a randomly selected sample of the urban population of Belgrade. RESULTS: Out of 2184 participants, > or = 20 yr old, surveyed by questionnaire, 756 (34.6%) reported peripheral joint complaints. Of those with complaints, 621 (82.1%) agreed to undergo detailed examination. Arthritis was diagnosed in four men (one had rheumatoid arthritis and three had spondylarthropathy with peripheral arthritis) and 11 women (three had rheumatoid arthritis, one had B27-positive polyarthritis and seven had undifferentiated chronic arthritis). The prevalence of chronic arthritis in the adult population was 0.69% (0.35% for men and 1.05% for women). The prevalence for rheumatoid arthritis was 0.18% (0.09% for men and 0.29% for women). Re-examination of 15 individuals with chronic arthritis 3 yr later showed changes in diagnosis only in those patients who at baseline examination had undifferentiated chronic arthritis. CONCLUSION: According to the results obtained, the urban population of Belgrade is among populations with a low prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Risk factors for gonorrhoea: case-control study.

OBJECTIVE: To define risk factors for gonococcal infection. METHODS: A case-control study comparing 200 gonorrhoea cases with 400 patients with non-gonococcal genitourinary infections and 400 patients with various skin diseases, all of them attending City Department for Skin and Venereal Diseases In Belgrade (Yugoslavia) from October 1993 to December 1994. RESULTS: According to multivariate logistic regression analysis the following factors were significantly related to gonorrhoea in men: education level, sexual contact same day as meeting, condom use, history of prior gonorrhoea, and casual and/or new sex partner in the past month. Age, sexual contact same day as meeting, number of partners in the past year, and frequency of sexual intercourse in the past month were independently, significantly related to gonorrhoea in women. Also, in females, gonorrhoea was significantly more frequent in industrial workers and supported people. CONCLUSION: Since sexual behaviour, low education level, younger ages, and low socioeconomic status were found to be related to gonococcal infection, health education at early age seems to be the most appropriate means of altering high risk behaviour.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Case-control study of risk factors for prostate cancer.

One hundred and one patients with histologically confirmed prostate cancer and 202 hospital controls individually matched by age (+/- 2 years), hospital admittance and place of residence, were interviewed during the period 1990-94 in two towns in central Serbia (Yugoslavia). In an analysis using multivariate logistic regression, the followng factors were significantly related to prostate cancer: (1) occupational physical activity during the year preceding the disease [odds ratio (OR)=3.87, 95% confidence interval (95% CI)=2.09-7.16]; (2) occupational exposure to asbestos, steel, dyes and lacquers, bitumen, pitch, iron, nickel, lead, fertilizer and certain other agents (OR=2.13, 95% CI=1.05-4.32); (3) nephrolithiasis (OR=4.52, 95% CI=1.34-15.30); (4) 'other' diseases in medical history such as chronic bronchitis, chronic rheumatic diseases, hypertension, cardiomyopathy, diabetes mellitus, renal diseases, eye diseases and tuberculosis (OR=3.14, 95% CI=1.56-6.33); (5) a greater number (> or = 3) of brothers (OR=2.08, 95% CI=1.35-3.22); and (6) greater numbers (> or = 8) of sexual partners (OR=2.24, 95% CI=1.13-4.44). Marital status, age at first marriage, educational level, age at first sexual intercourse, frequency of sexual intercourse, venereal diseases, tonsillectomy, appendectomy, hernia inguinale and hydrocele, anthropometric characteristics, smoking history, sport and recreational activities and family history of prostatic neoplasms were not found to be independently related to prostate cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Coronary heart disease incidence in diabetic patients, and its relationship to general risk factors.

The five-year incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) was examined in middle-aged diabetics (54 insulin-dependent--IDDM, 152 non-insulin-dependent--NIDDM) and 105 controls. In comparison to the controls, CHD incidence was higher only in IDDM patients (11.5 vs 4.0%), but the difference was not a significant one. CHD incidence cases in both IDDM and NIDDM groups were significantly related with longer duration of the disease and, when IDDM patients are concerned, with higher diastolic blood pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Malignant tumors in family members of colorectal cancer patients.

A case-control study comprised 286 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and the same number of hospital controls individually matched by age, sex and place of residence. Both CRC and other malignant tumors were more frequent among first and second degree relatives of cases as compared to controls. The odds ratio (and 95% confidence interval) for CRC was 6.67 (2.34-19.01) and for cancers of other sites 1.6 (0.97-2.62).

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Trends in cancer mortality of the digestive tract in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, 1975-1989.

During the period of 1975-1989, in the Belgrade population increasing mortality trends were established for colon and rectal cancer, cancer of the pancreas and gallbladder and bile ducts cancer, for both sexes, and for esophageal cancer in males. Stomach and liver cancer mortality decreased in females. In males, stomach cancer mortality after a prolonged steady decrease suddenly rose in the years 1988 and 1989. Mortality rates series for esophageal cancer in females and for liver cancer in males did not fit any usual trend function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Cardiovascular risk factors and prevalence of coronary heart disease in type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes.

The relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and the prevalence of coronary heart disease was examined in 152 Type 2 diabetic patients (65 men, 87 women) aged 35-54 years and in 105 randomly selected control subjects (46 men, 59 women). Coronary heart disease, defined by symptoms and ECG abnormalities, was 1.2 times higher in male and 3.4 times higher in female diabetic patients than in the controls. In logistic regression analysis (including diabetes, age, body mass index, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol and hypertension) diabetes showed an independent, significant association to coronary heart disease in women, whereas hypertension was independently related to coronary heart disease in men.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Case-control study of congenital malformations.

To determine potentially teratogenic influences in Belgrade, a group of 113 mothers who gave birth to severely malformed infants and a control group of 195 mothers with normal infants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Statistically significant differences between the two groups were found in the mother's family history of congenital malformations (P < 0.05) and the mother's diseases during the pregnancy (P < 0.01). Infections in the first trimester were particularly more prevalent in case mothers (OR = 7.70; P < 0.01). Mothers did not differ significantly according to exposure to organic solvents, supportive therapy during the pregnancy, use of oral contraceptives, or other personal habits.

Case-Control Studies↗