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H Vrielink

Publications and source records attributed to H Vrielink.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Reliability of the third-generation recombinant immunoblot assay for hepatitis C virus.

BACKGROUND: In a confirmatory laboratory, the second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA-2) was replaced by the third-generation RIBA (RIBA-3) in March 1993. The aim of this validation study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of RIBA-2 and RIBA-3 in a routine setting, by using a validated hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA polymerase chain reaction to establish plasma viremia. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: RIBA-2 testing was performed (March 1991-March 1993) in 593 HCV RNA-positive and 1498 HCV RNA-negative subjects. RIBA-3 testing was performed (March 1993-May 1994) in 220 HCV RNA-positive and 530 HCV RNA-negative subjects. All samples reacted for anti-HCV in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: In HCV RNA-positive individuals, the sensitivity of RIBA-3 was significantly higher than that of RIBA-2 (99.5% vs. 93.3%, p = 0.0005). This was not caused by inclusion of the NS5 antigen, but by a higher sensitivity of the antigens c33 and c100 (RIBA-2: 94.3% and 62.6%; RIBA-3: 99.5% and 88.6%). Replacement of the c22 and c100 recombinant proteins by synthetic peptides significantly reduced nonspecific reactivity against these antigens (p < 0.0001). Unfortunately, increased nonspecific reactivity against the modified c33 antigen and the new NS5 antigen canceled out this effect. Two-band reactivity occurred more often in nonviremic persons than in viremic persons (32.7% vs. 8.2%, p < 0.0001). Risk factors for HCV infection were less frequently observed in 11 blood donors with two-band reactivity than in 6 blood donors with other positive RIBA-3 patterns (18% vs. 83%, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: The higher sensitivity of RIBA-3 significantly reduced the number of indeterminate test results in HCV RNA-positive persons. Confirmatory laboratories must be aware of the frequent occurrence of nonspecific, isolated reactivity and even nonspecific, two-band reactivity in anti-HCV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-reactive blood donors.

Hepacivirus↗
PubMed1995

Evaluation of a combined lysate/recombinant antigen anti-HTLV-I/II ELISA in high and low endemic areas of HTLV-I/II infection.

The Wellcozyme HTLV-I/II ELISA (Murex Diagnostics) was evaluated in 7800 samples of various serum panels. Repeat activity was found by Wellcozyme in (A) 1/2181 (0.05%) Dutch blood donors, (B) 44/3036 (1.4%) Curaçao (Caribbean area) blood donors, (C) 46/2533 (1.8%) individuals of different Ethiopian population subsets, (D) 30/30 (100%) confirmed anti-HTLV-I positive samples and (E) 20/20 (100%) HTLV-II PCR-positive samples. All 91 Wellcozyme-positive samples were tested for confirmation by Western blot (WB, Diagnostic Biotechnology). Among Wellcozyme HTLV-I/II ELISA-positive individuals, HTLV-I/II WB positivity was found in 0/1 Dutch blood donors, 40/44 (88.9%) Curaçao blood donors and 20/46 (43.5%) Ethiopian individuals. HTLV-I positivity was found in 40 (1.3%) WB-positive Curaçao blood donors and in 9 (0.35%) Ethiopian individuals. HTLV-II positivity was found in 11 (0.43%) WB-positive Ethiopian individuals. The Wellcozyme HTLV-I/II ELISA had a specificity of 99.95% in Dutch blood donors and a sensitivity of 100% on confirmed HTLV-I- and HTLV-II-positive samples. In Ethiopia 55% of the HTLV-I/II WB-positive individuals were exclusively HTLV-II positive, whereas in Curaçao no HTLV-II infections were found.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1995

Sensitivity and specificity of three third-generation anti-hepatitis C virus ELISAs.

Three commercially available 3rd-generation anti-HCV ELISAs (Abbott, Murex and Ortho) were evaluated in various serum panels: (A) blood donor samples (n = 403) with 1st- or 2nd-generation anti-HCV ELISA (various manufacturers) positive test results; (B) non-A, non-B hepatitis patients (n = 212); (C) multitransfused patients (n = 253); (D) serial dilutions of HCV confirmed (RIBA and PCR) positive blood donors (n = 24), and (E) first-time blood donors (n = 1,055). All samples of panels A, B and C were tested in PCR and RIBA-2. In panels A, B and C, 398 samples were HCV PCR positive: all were detected by Abbott and Ortho, and 397 (99.7%) by Murex. The sample missed by the Murex ELISA showed an isolated anti-C33c reactivity in RIBA-2. In panels A-C, 442 samples were RIBA-2 positive and all were detected by the 3 tests. With Probit analysis on results of panel D, no significant difference in sensitivity was observed between the 3 evaluated ELISAs. Specificities of Abbott, Murex and Ortho in 1,055 blood donors were 99.7, 99.3 and 99.9%, respectively (NS, chi 2). We conclude that the sensitivity and specificity of the 3 ELISAs are comparable although the C33c antigen in the Murex VK47 test should be improved.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1995

Transmission of hepatitis C virus by anti-HCV-negative blood transfusion. Case report.

Acute posttransfusion hepatitis C was reported in a recipient of 3 units of red cells. The recipient became acutely icteric 6 weeks after transfusion, and HCV infection was diagnosed. Stored serum samples of the 3 implicated donations, which were negative with ELISA-2, were retested by PCR and 3rd-generation antibody tests. One implicated donation was PCR positive, but anti-HCV negative. Both other donations were negative in all tests. The donor was recalled to the Blood Bank 13 weeks after the implicated donation and was found to be ELISA-3 plus RIBA-3 positive. Eight months after the implicated donation, the donor is still PCR and RIBA-3 positive, whereas the recipient became PCR negative but remained anti-HCV RIBA-3 positive. The case shows that blood products from donors collected during the open window period of an HCV infection can transmit HCV to recipients.

DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of two anti-hepatitis C virus enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays: Wellcozyme VK45 and Ortho 2.0.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to compare 2 anti-HCV ELISA tests with respect to sensitivity and specificity in detecting Hepatitis C antigen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 3rd-generation anti-HCV ELISA (Wellcozyme anti-HCV VK45) was compared with a 2nd-generation anti-HCV ELISA (Ortho HCV 2.0) in various serum panels: A) anti-HCV ELISA-positive samples of blood donations (n = 536), B) non-A, non-B hepatitis patients (n = 188), C) multi-transfused patients (n = 79), D) hemodialysis patients (n = 473), and E) random blood donors (n = 1,080). RESULTS: Of 248 cDNA polymerase chain reaction (cDNA-PCR) positive samples in panels A, B, and C, ELISA-VK45 detected 247 (99.6%) and Ortho-2 248 (100%). The cDNA-PCR-positive sample missed by ELISA-VK45 showed isolated anti-C33c reactivity in a 2nd-generation recombinant immunoblot (RIBA-2). Of 281 RIBA-2-positive samples, ELISA-VK45 detected 274 (97.5%) and Ortho-2 279 (99.3%). ELISA-VK45-negative, RIBA-2-positive samples showed combined anti-C100/5-1-1 reactivity in RIBA-2 in 6/7 cases and anti-C22 and C33c reactivity in one. Ortho-2-negative, RIBA-2-positive samples showed combined anti-C100/5-1-1 reactivity in RIBA-2 in 2/2 cases. The specificities of ELISA-VK45 and Ortho-2 were not significantly different in 1,080 blood donors. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the ELISA-VK45 lacks sensitivity because a cDNA-PCR-confirmed positive sample was missed in the assay. The specificity of both ELISAs was comparable.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Confirmation of hepatitis C infection: a comparison of five immunoblot assays.

BACKGROUND: Recently, new immunoblot assays for the detection of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) became available. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The performance of five confirmatory anti-HCV immunoblot assays was studied with samples with known HCV antibody and HCV RNA status. The assays were a third-generation strip recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA-3, Chiron Corp., Emeryville, CA), a second-generation HCV blot (DB-2 blot, Diagnostic Biotechnology, Singapore), the Wellcozyme HCV Western blot (Murex blot, Murex Diagnostics, Dartford, UK), an immunodot HCV assay (Matrix, Abbott Laboratories, Chicago, IL), and the third-generation HCV line immunoassay (Liatek-III, Organon Teknika, Boxtel, The Netherlands). RESULTS: Sensitivity on samples from 48 HCV RNA-positive, second-generation RIBA (RIBA-2)-positive persons and specificity on samples from 31 low-risk donors was 96 percent or better for all assays. The sensitivity on 31 HCV RNA-positive, RIBA-2-indeterminate samples was as follows: Liatek-III, 94 percent; RIBA-3, 90 percent; Murex blot, 61 percent; Matrix, 55 percent; and DB-2 blot, 39 percent. In testing 39 HCV RNA-negative, RIBA-2-indeterminate donor samples, the percentage found to be negative was Liatek-III, 77 percent; RIBA-3, 67 percent; Murex blot, 49 percent; DB-2 blot, 33 percent; and Matrix, 15 percent. The order of sensitivity on four HCV seroconversion series was (from high to low): RIBA-3, Liatek-III, DB-2 blot, Murex blot, and Matrix; the differences were small. CONCLUSION: Detection of HCV antibodies was not refined by the addition of new HCV antigens (NS5, E2/NS1), but by improved classical antigens (core, NS3, NS4). Replacement of the commonly used RIBA-2 will resolve the status of a high proportion of RIBA-2-indeterminate samples.

Blood Donors↗