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Biomedical subjects

H W Krawzak

Publications and source records attributed to H W Krawzak.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Torsion of the gallbladder--a rare cause of acute cholecystitis].

Torsion of the gallbladder with onset of gangrene is a rare condition which is generally due to an abnormal anatomical variation: loss of the fixation of the organ to the inferior margin of the liver with the presence of a long mesocyst. This case shows that ultrasound is able to make the right diagnosis which was so often confirmed not before laparotomy. In the future lethality should be reduced by early operation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

[Surgical management of bone metastases of the lower extremity with AO interlocking nail].

Between January 1991 and June 1995 we have operated on 19 patients (9 male, 10 female) with 22 skeletal metastases of the lower limb (19 femora, 3 tibiae) using a static interlocking nail. Closed intramedullary nailing without resection of the metastasis has been established as our standard procedure. We have stabilized 15 patients with advanced osteolysis and seven pathological fractures. Sixteen patients underwent postoperative local radiation therapy with 40 Gy. As intraoperative complications we have observed one fracture of an osteolysis and one death due to fat embolism. Postoperatively there were observed one seroma, one haematoma and one patient with non fatal pulmonary embolism following DVT. Two patients died within the first 30 postoperative days because of tumor progression. All patients surviving longer than 30 days could be mobilized under full weight-bearing. Morphine like analgetics for metastasis related pain were no longer needed. A secondary instability has not been observed within a mean survival time of 199 days (811 longest follow up). Closed intramedullary nailing in combination with postoperative local radiation therapy seems to be an appropriate and technically non demanding procedure to stabilize skeletal metastases of the lower limb in patients with a short or medium-term expectation of life.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Effect of intestinal ultrasound on choice of surgical procedure in acute abdominal pain].

UNLABELLED: Differential diagnosis in patients with acute abdominal pain represents a difficult assignment in surgery involving the indication for urgent operation and the operation technique. AIM: The value of sonography in diseases of the bowels for correct indication for early laparotomy was investigated. METHOD: In a retrospective analysis we compared the result of sonography on 159 patients with acute abdominal pain with the first clinical assessment. RESULTS: The sensitivity of this technique was found to be 38.9% for acute appendicitis, 57.1% for diverticulitis and 76.9% for obstructive ileus. The specificity ranged above 90% in each case. In consideration of more than two sonomorphological criterias for pathological alterations of the intestines the positive predictive value achieved 100%. CONCLUSION: Low diagnostic sensitivity with high specificity implies the necessity to intensity routine ultrasonic investigation of the gut.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1995

Postprandial bile-duct kinetics under the influence of 4-methylumbelliferone (hymecromone).

The physiological correlate of biliary colic is a rapid increase in pressure in the presence of biliary obstruction. The relaxing action of hymecromone on the biliary tract provides a pharmacotherapeutic approach. As the symptoms usually occur postprandially we used ultrasonography to examine whether hymecromone was able to reverse the contraction of the common bile duct (CBD) after ingestion of a standardized test meal. The study was designed as prospective, double-blind randomized crossover study versus placebo in 20 healthy volunteers. The width of the CBD was measured ultrasonographically in the fasting subjects and at 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after ingestion of a test meal. Then the subjects were given either 400 mg of hymecromone or placebo and the measurement series was repeated. After ingestion of the test meal the width of the CBD decreased by a maximum of 20% after 15 minutes. While there was only a slight increase in the width of the CBD after subsequent administration of placebo, a maximum increase of 36% was measured 10 minutes after administration of hymecromone. The postprandial contraction of the CBD can be reversed within a short time by i.v. administration of hymecromone.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Pump-assisted intraoperative colon lavage].

We report about a time saving method of on-table lavage of the colon. For irrigation a balloon-catheter is inserted into the colon through a small caecotomy. This catheter is connected to an irrigation pump which we usually use for abdominal lavage in peritonitis. After mobilisation the oral end of the later colonic anastomosis is led over the lateral abdominal wall into a plastic tube. Now a continuous irrigation with a controlled flow-rate of 1 l/min is achieved with the aid of the lavage pump. As irrigation liquid we use Ringer's solution. Pressure is limited by an overflow mechanism. In addition after rearrangement the high irrigation flow of the system allows a thorough cleansing of the rectal stump. Between 1992 and 1995 we carried out intra-operative colonic irrigation using the method set out above in 24 patients. The average volume was 8.9 l of Ringer's solution. The irrigation itself lengthened the operation time by an average of 10 min.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1994

[Baker's cyst in osteoarticular tuberculosis of the knee joint].

A Baker cyst (synovial cyst) in the right knee-joint was demonstrated by ultrasound in a 70-year-old woman with recurrent knee-joint effusions after minimal trauma to the knee. Radiological examination in two planes showed degenerative changes corresponding to age. Needle puncture of the knee-joint demonstrated numerous neutrophil granulocytes. As the effusion recurred after one week, despite rest and avoidance of weight bearing, arthroscopy with removal of the cyst was indicated. But surprisingly histological examination of synovial tissue revealed epithelioid granulomas and Langerhans giant cells. Culture of fluid obtained on repeat puncture finally grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis. There was no evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. The knee-joint tuberculosis healed completely without residual damage on antituberculosis treatment, initially 600 mg rifampicin daily, 300 mg isoniazid daily and 2.5 g pyrazinamide daily for 3 months, followed by rifampicin and isoniazid for a further 6 months.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

31-P mr spectroscopy of a leg lymphangiosarcoma.

In a 64 year old man with a large, low grade lymphangiosarcoma of the right thigh, we correlated the results of in vivo 31-P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), proton magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and digital subtraction (DSA) with the pathologic specimen and histology. The 31-P MRS spectra of the tumor showed well-resolved peaks as follows: intense PCr (phosphocreatine), PDE (phosphodiester) and Pi (inorganic phosphate), and low PME (phosphomonoester). The Pi peak revealed an intratumor pH of 6.96 compared with 7.16 of normal skeletal muscle. The lower PME signal was consistent with low histopathologic mitotic activity of the tumor.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗
PubMed1994

[Baker's cysts. A follow-up study after surgical therapy].

Baker's cysts have to be regarded as a secondary phenomenon of knee-joint diseases. In the treatment of Baker's cysts, therefore, arthroscopy should be done before extirpation. In our study we wanted to look at the results of this therapeutic concept. In the surgical clinic within the Ruhr University of Bochum 34 patients with Baker's cysts underwent an operation between 1985 and 1992. In 22 patients the main symptom was swelling in the hollow of the knee, while the others reported effusions of the knee joint, pain or restricted joint movement. In 27 cases the diagnosis was made by ultrasound alone; in the others arthrography or NMR tomography was necessary. Arthroscopy was performed in all patients, revealing lesions of the meniscus in 12 cases, rupture of the cruciate ligament in 1, degenerative changes in 15 and chronic polyarthritis in 1. In 5 patients we could not find any pathologic changes. We observed 1 severe postoperative complication in the form of a joint infection. Histological examination of the cysts showed chronic synovialitis in 21 patients and tuberculous arthritis in 1. In 25 of our patients clinical and ultrasound examination were then performed on average of 34 months after their operations. In 4 patients we found recurrence of cysts: 2 of these patients were found to be suffering from chronic knee-joint disease with effusions; 1 had recurrent hydrarthrosis together with chronic renal insufficiency; and the fourth patient had constant knee pain, though the arthroscopy did not show any pathologic changes. In the last case our diagnosis was therefore called in question.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Appendicitis in the aged].

From 1984 to 1989 78 patients over the age of 60 years were operated on acute appendicitis. Compared to appendicitis in younger people these older patients showed 3 times longer an interval between the first appearance of symptoms and their contact to the doctor, or surgical treatment. As result of this longer period appeared the high perforation rate 53.8%. In this group of patients with perforation the complication rate was 4 times higher than the intraoperative and histologically confirmed acute appendicitis. From these facts results a mortality rate of 4%. In the retrospective evaluation was also seen that there was no conclusion between the laboratory parameters, the physical symptoms and the degree of the inflammation of the evidence of perforation with local or diffused peritonitis. The inclusion of appendicitis in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain in older people offers the chance of an earlier surgical treatment, so reducing the risk of postoperative complication and mortality.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1989

Influence of prostaglandin E1 on muscular tissue-PO2 in patients with diabetic gangrene.

Intraarterial infusions of short acting vasoactive drugs have been established in the treatment of peripheral occlusive disease. We studied the effect of prostaglandin E1 on the tissue pO2 of the tibialis ant. muscle. Using a fast responding polarographic pO2-probe of the hypodermic needle type, tip diameter 300 microns, we made tissue pO2 investigations in 9 patients with diabetic gangrene. pO2-measurements were done before, during and after administration of 0.2 microgram PGE1/min i.a.. PGE1 led to a slight decrease of the mean muscular pO2 during application followed by a reincrease after the end of infusion. It is known that intraarterial PGE1 infusion leads to an increase of transcutaneous pO2 of the forefoot. Our results show, that there is no increase of tissue pO2 of the tibialis ant. muscle. The reason might be a changed distribution of blood flow in favour of an increased oxygenation of the skin due to PGE1 administration.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Development of muscular tissue PO2 after vascular reconstructive surgery.

Using a fast responding polarographic pO2-probe of the hypodermic needle type with a tip diameter of 300 microns we investigated the influence of vascular reconstructive surgery on the tissue pO2 of the tibialis ant. muscle. In 10 patients suffering from a peripheral occlusive disease state II-III according to FONTAINE measurements of tissue pO2, pain free walking distance and doppler-index were done preoperatively, 2 weeks and 6 weeks after surgery. The results show that reconstructive vascular surgery leads to an immediate improvement of the doppler-index. In contrast to that there is a time dependent increase of the mean tissue pO2 in the tibialis ant. muscle. This development of muscular oxygenation coincides with an increasing walking distance.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Intra-arterial infusion therapy of progressive diabetic foot gangrene with prostaglandin E1 amd cefotaxime].

15 patients with severe diabetic gangrene were treated with a combined intra-arterial PGE1/Cefotaxime infusion therapy. There was no indication for vascular reconstructive surgery. The average treatment took 24.7 days. 11 of the 15 patients were responsive to the therapy. Nevertheless 5 of these 11 patients had to be amputated below-knee in the further course of treatment. In 6 cases we succeeded in preserving the affected extremity in a state of acceptable use. One patient died during the study. No complications due to the therapy were seen. Considering that all patients were near to amputation when entering the study the result to have saved the extremities in 40% of the cases must be regarded as a success.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1989

[Fully implantable catheter systems for arterial extremity infusion].

Twenty totally implanted arterial access systems for drug administration were used in 19 patients with peripheral arterial disease. A total of 458 short-term infusions were administered through the systems. The observation period was maximally 13 months. Infection occurred in one patient (5%), as well as one catheter occlusion and one arterial thrombosis, which was successfully treated by local thrombolysis. Long period usability with low complication rate distinguishes the system from conventional arterial access. Patient's acceptance was excellent.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Primary malignant tumors of the small intestine--symptoms, diagnosis and therapy].

26 patients with a primary malignant tumor of the small intestine could be found in the cases in the surgical department of the Marienhospital Herne, University of Bochum, from 1978 to 1987. By the anamnesis and findings on admission various symptoms and clinical results only a few cases advising symptoms for a malignant tumor of the small intestine were found. Often the diagnosis only could be found by an emergency operation. An amelioration of the bad prognosis will be possible with shortening the long latency between the first uncharacteristic symptoms and the right diagnosis. After going through the endoscopy and radiology with strong anamnesis and findings, the explorative laparotomy must be done as an compulsory step.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Densitometric follow-up of algodystrophy using computerized tomography].

Clinical and radiological findings obtained from diagnosis and follow-up examination of post-traumatic algodystrophy (Morbus Sudeck) are very much open to subjective interpretation. Decisive importance is attributed not only to alteration of soft tissue but also to typical distribution patterns and severity of bone demineralisation. No objectifiable and quantifiable have so far become available for proper assessment but are urgently desirable in view of the great number of therapeutic approaches. Densitometry integrated with computed tomography was applied to nine patients with algodystrophy of hand or foot in the region of spongy bones to determine absorption values which were then compared with those on the clinically intact side. Significant differences between sides proved to be objectifiable and were quantifiable measures by which demineralisation of the effected extremity could be assessed. Repeated examinations were undertaken for follow-up through a period up to nine months.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Surgical treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation using the Balser hookplate].

The surgical technique applied to 17 patients for acromioclavicular separation is described in this paper. Ligament repair and Balser's hookplate were used. Advantages over surgical joint fixation were recorded from twelve patients in clinical and radiological follow-up checks. No major complications were recordable from implants. Postoperative immobilisation of the patients was not necessary. Timing of plate removal is variable. In follow-up examinations, ten of the twelve patients were satisfied with the therapeutic result.

Acromioclavicular Joint↗