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Biomedical subjects

H W Pabst

Publications and source records attributed to H W Pabst.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Pretherapeutic metastases diagnosis in bronchial cancer with special reference to nuclear medicine procedures].

In a retrospective study of 280 patients with histologically verified bronchogenic carcinoma, pretherapeutic diagnosis using scanning procedures yielded 13.6% skeletal metastases, 8.6% liver metastases and 3.6% brain metastases. The total 23.9% of hematogenous metastases proved to be dependent on the histological type of tumor: it was highest in small cell anaplastic carcinomas (38.8%) and large cell carcinomas (32.5%), and lowest in epidermoid carcinomas (13.3%). If the localization of metastases was also taken into account, the highest rates of metastases in the skeleton (17.5% and 22.5%) the liver (15%) and the brain (7.5%) were always found with small cell anaplastic and large cell carcinomas. Besides the histopathological type of tumor, the frequency of metastases depended also on the local stage of bronchial cancer. While scanning of the skeleton and the liver for clinical staging of bronchogenic carcinoma should always be regarded as an essential part of primary diagnosis (alternatively ultrasonography and computed tomography of liver) the necessity for brain scan and/or computed tomography depends on the neurological findings and the histomorphological type of tumor.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Determination of total and individual kidney function in children by means of 123-I-hippuran whole body clearance and scintillation camera.

In 153 children suffering from various renal or urological disease a total of 179 individual and regional renal clearance studies were performed using 123-I-hippuran and a scintillation camera. The clinical diagnoses and questions before and the therapeutic consequences after clearance determinations are analyzed. The dynamic information fo sequential scintigraphy combined with renal clearance determination allow a quantitative estimation of the individual and regional kidney function. The method is considerably helpful in cases of unilateral small kidneys, obstructive uropathies, duplication of the urinary tract, and segmental renal disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Skeletal scintigraphy for the observation of course and treatment of carcinoma of the prostate ].

Serial skeletal scintigraphy was carried out on 259 patients with carcinoma of the prostate; 5-10% developed bone metastases each year. Isotope uptake was measured in 79 patients receiving treatment; in 60.6% (48 patients) there was a reduction or disappearance of the areas of uptake, in 16.6% (13 patients) they were stationary and 22.8% (18 patients) the metastases progressed. Skeletal scintigraphy is therefore useful during the course of the disease in showing its extent and the effect of treatment.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1981

[Assessment of haemodynamic parameters using a scintillation camera and ECG-triggered data acquisition (author's transl)].

Useful ECG-gated scintigrams of the heart can only be obtained when using a suitable tracer (99mTc-HSA or labeled red cells), a good camera and a computer system with special hard and software. The haemodynamic parameters of left (and right) heart function as derived from scintigrams are only precise when the representative cycle was reconstructed correctly. In patients with arrhythmia, counts should be only summed up when the cardiac cycle follows a preceding heart beat of well defined length. The frames composing the representative cycle must be normalized to the same recording time. When these prerequisites are fulfilled, correct values for ejection fraction and maximal rates of systolic emptying and diastolic filling as global parameters of heart function can be derived. Evaluation of these parameters by means of a completely automated computer program is difficult in pathologically altered heart function. In our nuclear medicine department an interactive computer program has been developed which supplies the investigator with certain information facilitating the definition of the end-diastolic and end-systolic ROI. The program allows for an exact and reproducible evaluation within a short time. Functional images of both amplitudes and phases are very helpful. Functional scintigraphy of the heart is only possible when using certain instrumentation, which is much more expensive than when using a 'cardiac probe', but the additional visual information obtained does significantly improve diagnostic sensitivity.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1980

[Lingual goiter with special regard to diagnosis and therapy].

Starting with a case report, epidemiology, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of lingual thyroid are discussed with special reference to the decisive value of scintigraphy. The usual 99mTc-scan often fails in detection of ectopic thyroid tissue because of tracer accumulation in salivary glands and its excretion into the oral cavity. Another disadvantage is the relatively high tissue absorption of 99mTc-photons. According to the low sensitivity and specificity of usual 99mTc-scintigraphy, all patients with suspected ectopic thyroid tissue and especially in case of suspected tumor in the retrolingual region should be examined by radio-iodine-imaging (123I, 123I). The decision between conservative and surgical therapy depends on subjective complaints, regional iodine uptake and growth behaviour of the lingual thyroid, and especially on cytological findings of fine needle biopsy, which is not dangerous in expert hands.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1980

[Myocardial scintigraphy and radionuclide ventriculography in myocardial infarction (author's transl)].

149 patients with acute (n = 75) myocardial infarction and 74 post-infarctions, angiographically confirmed, were investigated by 201T1 myocardial scintigraphy and subsequent radionuclide ventriculography. Quantitative evaluation of the scintigram showed 201T1 storage defects in 92% in the acute stage in 79% in the later stage. The sensitivity of identification of the posterior wall infarction was consistently markedly less than for anterior wall infarctions and could not be increased by additional application of 99mTc methylene diphosphonate. By the combined application of myocardial scintigraphy and radionuclide ventriculography the functional effects of the infarction can be described non-invasively.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical value of scintigraphic tumor diagnosis by means of test substances with tumor affinity. 2. Gallium radioisotopes].

Deriving from the principle of direct tumor visualization and the beginnings of positive imaging of malignant tumors, radiotracers with tumor affinity are distinguished by those with tumor-specific and non-specific uptake. With special regard to the tumor-specific localization of thyroid carcinomas using radioiodine (131J) and of osteoplastic bone tumors or metastases using 99m-labelled phosphate compounds, the tumor scintigraphy results mainly with radiopharmaceuticals possessing tumors affinity, however not a tumor-specific uptake. On the basis of experimental and clinical results Gallium-67, one of these tumor-seeking agents, has become most important tumor scintigraphy. The diagnostic possibilities and limitations in using Gallium-67 for tumor imaging are derived from: 1) the non-specific uptake of Gallium-67, 2) the diagnosis accuracy and its reasons, and 3) the determinant factor of viability of tumor affecting the Gallium-67 accummulation.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

[Bone metastases of prostatic neoplasms with reference to the histological type and local tumor stage].

In prostatic cancer the frequency of osseous metastases - detected earliest by bone scintigraphy - amounts to 21.8% at the time of histological verification of the primary tumour. This frequency depends on the histological type of the prostatic carcinoma and yields 10.5% in uniform adenocarcinomas and 40.4% in pluriform carcinomas. The rate of metastases in the uniform adenocarcinomas rises with increasing histological dedifferentiation. The percentage of prostatic carcinomas with pluriform pattern in comparison with uniform adenocarcinomas rises markedly, corresponding to the local tumour extent (T2 = 36.4%, T3 = 52.2%, T4 = 61.1%). For the purpose of stage-related therapy of prostatic cancer, histological grading and clinical staging, including bone scanning, are absolutely essential.

Adenocarcinoma↗