Under the supposition that retrovirus is inactivated by heating at 56 degrees C, we explored what time was necessary to reach 65 degrees C as a central temperature in a femoral head by heating (14 femoral heads). We found that at a stove temperature of 85 degrees C and a femoral head volume of 81 ml the average central temperature was 66.1 degrees C after 1 hour. After 1.5 hours of heating a sufficient security should be guaranteed to avoid Aids-transmission by bone grafts.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[10-year follow-up of C3-C7 cervical laminectomy for intramedullary grade I astrocytoma].

In an eight years old boy we operated an intramedullary astrocytoma grade I and reimplanted the laminae C4-7 en bloc. A good stability was achieved. Ten years later only one segment remained intact, the others showing spontaneous fusion as a major draw back. This is possibly due to subperiostal dissection and bracing. No spinal stenosis occurred. An overuse of the remaining disc C4/5 might lead to a secondary degenerative stenosis. The operation is simple and might avoid swan neck deformity in children after large decompression of dorsal structures.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Preoperative skin disinfection in interventions on the hip joint].

Gram-positive cocci in particular, mainly Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis, can be identified on patients' skin as facultative causes of wound bed infection. Disinfection the evening prior to surgery causes a statistically significant reduction in the number of skin organisms. The only explanation of the increase in the number of such organisms in isolated patients following disinfection the evening prior to surgery, and also after preoperative disinfection, is recontamination of the disinfected skin areas. Covering them with sterile surgical trousers and adhesive foils does not provide sure protection from recontamination. Studies of this kind may enable specific hospitals to establish a perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis for their own spectrum of micro-organisms.

Bacteriological Techniques↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Selective changes in size and distribution of fibre types in vastus muscle from cases of different knee joint affections.

Different knee joint affections are apt to initiate different specific atrophy forms in quadriceps muscle. By a biopsy-technique using the histochemical demonstration of ATPase and succinate dehydrogenase fast twitch fibre atrophy can be correlated with increasing age and a moderate impairment but still ambulatory condition. Fast twitch and slow twitch fibres together show atrophy in those cases which are severely impaired and nearly immobilized. An isolated atrophy of slow twitch fibres was found in three patients suffering from frequent sudden short-lasting pain in the knee joint, although this condition may not be alone the cause for slow twitch fibre atrophy. The mechanisms leading to a selective atrophy of muscle fibre types are not fully understood. Nevertheless, a more clear understanding of the nature of skeletal muscle atrophy brought about by joint affections should be of benefit for a better concept of physiotherapeutical approaches: In fast twitch fibre atrophy maximal short lasting contractions followed by rather long periods of recovery should be performed (30). Slow twitch fibre atrophy should be influenced beneficially by chronic submaximal activity (46), whereas both fibre type atrophy should be treated by a combination of isometric techniques and chronic submaximal activities.

Adolescent↗