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Biomedical subjects

H WEINER

Publications and source records attributed to H WEINER.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1964

CONDITIONING HISTORY AND HUMAN FIXED-INTERVAL PERFORMANCE.

The effects of two different conditioning histories upon human operant behavior under a FI 10-sec schedule of point reinforcements were investigated. Relatively high rates of continuous inter-reinforcement responding characterized the FI 10-sec performance of subjects with an FR 40 conditioning history. Low response rates with little or no inter-reinforcement responding were emitted by Ss with a DRL 20-sec conditioning history.

Conditioning, Psychological↗
PubMed1964

RESPONSE COST AND FIXED-RATIO PERFORMANCE.

The effects of several conditions of response cost (response-produced point loss) upon FR 50 performance maintained by 100-point reinforcements were investigated. Post-reinforcement pauses did not appear under no-cost (no points deducted per response) conditions. Such pauses were effected, however, by introducing 5-sec periods of one-point and two-point costs after each reinforcement. Continuous response cost did not affect responding as long as the cost was less than the 100-point reinforcements. Rapid cessation of responding occurred when continuous response cost was made equal to reinforcement.

Reinforcement, Psychology↗
PubMed1963

Response cost and the aversive control of human operant behavior.

The effects of cost (point-loss per response) upon human avoidance, escape, and avoidance-escape behavior maintained by PLPs (point-loss periods) were investigated. Cost had a marked but differentially suppressive effect upon responding under all schedules. The greatest number of PLPs taken under cost occurred on the escape schedule. In most instances PLPs were more frequent on the avoidance-escape schedule than on the avoidance schedule under cost. Inferior avoidance performance appeared only under cost conditions. Under no-cost, all subjects (Ss) successfully avoided all PLPs after the first hour of conditioning. These results indicate that the development and maintenance of human avoidance and escape behavior may, in part, be dependent upon response cost conditions. Aversive control of human operant behavior may be limited without an adequate specification of response-cost conditions.

Humans↗
PubMed1962

Some effects of response cost upon human operant behavior.

Three experiments are reported which investigated the effects of cost (point loss per response) upon human-observer responses maintained by VI and FI schedules of reinforcement (acquisition of points via critical-signal detections). (I) Cost attenuated VI response rates without substantially disturbing the constancy of responding, regardless of the presentation sequence of the no-cost and cost conditions. (II) FI scalloping appeared only under cost conditions. Under no cost, a constant rate of responding (similar to VI performance) characterized inter-reinforcement intervals. Exposure to cost did not prevent the recovery of previously established no-cost baselines. (III) FI irregularities, analogous to those commonly observed under FI reinforcement schedules, may be produced by different temporal presentations of the no-cost and cost conditions. The results of all three experiments emphasize the importance of cost as a factor in the maintenance of human behavior on schedules of positive reinforcement.

Learning↗
PubMed1960

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis is a rare condition manifested by recurrent pulmonary hemorrhage of unknown cause, diffuse radiologic abnormalities, cough, hemoptysis and moderate to severe hypochromic anemia. Diagnosis can be confirmed by iron stains of the sputum or lung aspiration or by biopsy. Prolonged spontaneous remission may occur without the use of corticosteroid therapy. Studies here reported indicated that the anemia is hypochromic and microcytic anemia of blood loss and iron deficiency, in spite of the presence of large amounts of iron in the pulmonary tissue. Correction of the anemia by intensive iron therapy and transfusion is considered an important part of therapy.

Anemia↗