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Biomedical subjects

H Winterleitner

Publications and source records attributed to H Winterleitner.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Sensible immunologic diagnosis and therapy in children with recurrent infections].

This retrospective study of immunological findings in 108 children with various infections shows that the majority of patients were younger than 6 years of age. In the main, the study resulted in the following immunological findings. In children with recurrent infections of the lower respiratory tract, there was the notable selective IgA deficiency, much more common than in the rest of the population. Children with otitis and pyogenic infections of the skin, which are mainly bacterial infections, had in particular a low number of anti-bacterial antibodies and were lacking in opsonins. This missing opsonization was significantly higher (p greater than 0,05) in children with recurrent otitis than in the other patients. Anti-bacterial antibodies and osponization of bacteria are only present in effective numbers from the age of about 3 in 90% of healthy children. Patients over 3 with various recurring infections had, in comparison to healthy children, significantly higher numbers a reduced ability to opsonize (p less than 0,00001) or a lack of antibodies (p less than 0,05). These deficiencies occurred separately. Children with infections of the upper respiratory tract or polytope infections had no characteristic deficiencies. In children with a recurring tendency to infection, there are 3 important factors to consider for a meaningful diagnosis and therapy: age, type of illness and the epidemiological situation of the child. If these factors are taken into consideration, the decision as to whether, when and what kind of an immunological test should be carried, is facilitated. The therapy is then also more effective and more selective.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Acute myelogenous leukaemia after renal transplantation (author's transl)].

7 years after successful renal transplantation pancytopenia developed in a 35 years old patient. After a latency period of 1 year an acute myelogenous leukaemia occurred, which--together with septic complications--caused the patient's death. Renal transplant patients have an increased risk for development of neoplasia. However, acute myelogenous leukaemias have been reported rarely up to this time. Presenting this case, the possible causal connections between transplantation and neoplasia are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Expression of a non-T, non-B ALL associated antigen on leukemic cells, lymphoblastoid cell lines and normal blood cells.

Two of our preparations of rabbit immune sera against Non-T, Non-B ALL cells were characterized. After a previously described absorption schedule used at present with some modifications, the sera were tested by indirect immunofluorescence and by a complement-dependent microcytotoxicity technique on a panel of cells: various types of ALL, lymphoblastoid cell lines of T, B and Non-T, Non-B surface characteristics, other leukemias (AML, CLL, Ph1 positive CML-BC), nonleukemic tissue of normal bone marrow, lymph-nodes and tonsils and also PBL. About 70% of Non-T, Non-B ALL, the Non-T, Non-B ALL line "REH" and CML cells in Ph1 positive "lymphoid" blast crisis were reactive in both test systems. Non-regenerating normal bone marrow, peripheral blood lymphocytes, and lymph node cells were non-reactive. CLL cells and tonsil cels, however, showed a positive fluorescence, yet gave a negative reaction in the complement-dependent microcytotoxicity test. This phenomenon might be explained by unspecific binding to Fc receptors. The antisera thus appear to detect a common Non-T, Non-B ALL antigen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Characteristics of a cell line established from a child with familial acute myeloid leukaemia.

The properties of an unusual new cell line from a child with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is described. The patient, his mother and grandmother all died within 2 years of AML. Karyotypic analysis suggests that the cells which grow in vitro represent a proliferation of the child's leukaemic cells. The presence of myeloid alkaline phosphatase in these cells suggests that they represent a proliferation of malignant myeloblasts. During the first year in culture a significant percentage of the cells formed E-rosettes, but the cells failed to react with monoclonal anti-T-cell antibodies. The cells are SmIg, Fc, C3 and EBNA negative. Ultrastructural examination of the cells revealed cytoplasmic inclusion bodies which contained virus-like particles. These inclusion bodies and particles were similar to those observed by us in two other human leukaemic cell lines and not unlike those in fresh human leukaemic cells, as reported by others.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

Con A-induced suppressor cells in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

The function of Con A stimulation was investigated in patients with ALL in remission and in patients with ALL in the acute phase of the disease as compared to healthy controls. Suppression of the Con A response brought about by autologous Con A-activated cells was significantly lower in ALL patients in remission (mean value 29.33%) and in the acute phase (mean value 10%) than in the controls (mean value 64.86%). Suppression of the Con A stimulation of control lymphocytes by Con A-activated homologous cells of ALL patients had a mean value of 51.65%. This was significantly higher than the suppression obtained by the same ALL cells in the autologous system and of the same order of magnitude as the suppression obtained by control Con A-activated cells on control Con A stimulation (57.67%). Suppression of the Con a response of ALL lymphocytes produced by control Con A-activated cells was 23.17% and comparable to healthy controls. These results demonstrate that the function of Con A-induced suppression is significantly lower in ALL patients. They further indicate that at least two cell types are involved in this kind of suppression in humans.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Influence of thymosin on E-rosette formation of lymphoid cells in leukemic and nonleukemic children.

The influence of two thymosin and two spleen control preparations on the E-rosette formation of peripheral blood lymphocytes and leukemic cells from non-leukemic children with depressed T cell values and leukemic children was investigated. Both thymosin preparations but also one of the control preparations induced a significant increase in the mean percentage of E-rosette forming PBL in the non-leukemic children with depressed T cell values. Thymosin and spleen preparations, however, did not convert the non-erythrocyte binding blasts to erythrocyte binding cells in either common or pre-T-ALL.

Child↗
PubMed1979

MLC-activation by acute lymphatic leukemia blasts.

The MLC-activating potential of 25 ALL blasts (16 "common" ALL, 6 T-ALL, 3 not identified) was investigated. Mitomycin-treated leukemic blasts or X-irradiated lymphocytes were cultured with heparinized whole blood from different healthy donors. MLC activation by blast cells was expressed as percentage of MLC activation by X-irradiated lymphocytes. Leukemic blasts showed a heterogeneous pattern of MLC activation, ranging from 2% to 245%. Eleven out of 25 cases of ALL poorly stimulated the MLC (2% to 33% response). Twelve ALL stimulated a normal response (50% to 120%); and 2/25 ALL stimulated a supranormal response (more than 200%). Four of six cases of T-ALL stimulated the MLC as efficiently as irradiated lymphocytes, 2/6 were among the poor stimulators. Most poor stimulator blasts had, however, normal MLC-activating properties if, instead of whole blood, isolated lymphocytes were used as the responding cells. The poor activation of lymphocytes by some leukemic blasts in whole blood appeared to be associated with impaired release of blastogenic factor(s) during the MLBC. No evidence for active suppressor mechanisms was found. The significance of the MLC-activating properties of leukemic blasts for the classification and immunotherapeutic use of ALL is discussed.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1978

[The prognostic value of lymphocyte transformation by phytohemagglutinin in children with acute lymphatic leukemia].

The response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) of lymphocytes from 62 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was tested before and during cytostatic therapy. Nineteen patients were tested as well for reactivity in autologous mixed lymphocyte-blast cell cultures. The prognostic value of the results obtained has been assessed. Children remained longer in their first complete remission 1) if the response to PHA before therapy was normal or only slightly diminished, or 2) if it returned to normal as soon as complete remission was attained, and 3) if periodic intensification therapy was followed by a rebound in spontaneous lymphocyte proliferation. The stimulatory response to PHA during maintenance therapy and the reactivity in mixed lymphocyte- blast cell cultures were not helpful prognostic criteria. In conclusion, determination of the PHA responsiveness at specific times, i.e. before therapy, after remission induction and after periodic intensification therapy, could help identify poor risk patients in ALL.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1978

Immunological properties of lymphoblasts and lymphocytes in children with acute lymphatic or undifferentiated leukemia.

In 35 children with acute lymphatic or undifferentiated leukemia, immunological properties of normal lymphocytes and lymphoblasts were investigated. In most cases the number of circulating normal lymphocytes with surface or B markers and delayed type hypersensitivity was depressed. On the other hand, the response to mitogenic stimulation with PHA as well as the antibody and immunoglobulin serum concentrations were found to be normal. Lymphoblasts did not exhibit surface receptors in any but four patients, who showed 10--18% of leukemic blasts being positive for E-rosette formation at 0 degree but not at 37 degrees.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

A simplified one-step procedure for the simultaneous determination of complement receptor lymphocytes and lymphocytes with membrane-bound immunoglobulins.

A simple one-step procedure for the demonstration of complement receptor lymphocytes (CRL) with complement-coated bacteria (BC) as indicator particles is described. With this assay the percentage of CRL in normal peripheral blood ranged between 6 and 21% (mean 11%). In a separately performed combined assay for lymphocytes with membrane-bound immunoglobulins (M-Ig) and lymphocytes, which form rosettes with complement-coated bacteria (BC-RFC), four different fractions of lymphocytes could be detected: (M-Ig+-BC+, M-Ig+-BC-,M-Ig--BC+, M-Ig--BC-). These results suggest that the subpopulation of lymphocytes with complement receptor sites overlaps with, but is not totally identical with the lymphocyte subpopulation bearing Ig on the surface.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Immunological studies in a case of congenital nephrotic syndrome with focal extracapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis (author's transl)].

An immunological study in a case of nephrotic syndrome in early infancy with mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis with focal crescents revealed deficiencies in humoral and cellular immunity. Serum Ig-G antibody levels such as pertussis-agglutinins, tetanus and diophtheria-antitoxing were decreased. A loss of tetanus antibodies in the urine could be observed. The production of tetanus-antibodies after immunogenic stimulation with tetanus-antigen was not diminished. The loss of Ig-A in the urine might have been compensated by a higher synthesis rate, which could also be the cause of the increased serum levels of Ig-M, since a loss of Ig-M in urine was not observed. The diminished serum levels of Ig-G antibodies were considered not only to be the result of loss, but possibly also of higher catabolism, and an insufficient compensation by a higher rate of synthesis. The percentage of T-cells in peripheral blood was found to be low. Stimulation of lymphocytes with PHA was at first normal, but in the last investigations diminished. Special experiments lead to the assumption, that this partial defect of cellular immunity might be the result of lacking or diminution of nutritive plasmafactors.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1976

B- and T-cell determination in ALL.

The influence of different cytostatic treatment schemes on T- and B-cell behaviour has been studied in children with ALL and UAL. Under these treatment schemes the percentage of B-cells decreased, while the percentage of T-cells remained within normal limits. In long-term remissions, we found normal values. In the first attack of ALL before therapy, a different behaviour of lymphoid cells was found. One group of patients had no lymphoid cells with membrane-bound Ig and no rosette forming cells; a second group had mainly T-cells, and a third group showed normal values of lymphoid cells with membrane-bound Ig, but the ability of rosette formation was slightly diminished. Whether this membrane-bound Ig is really cell-produced or only attached to the cell-membrane (blocking antibodies?) is discussed. Capping and pitching behaviour was observed. There were no differences in cell-membrane fluidity as compared with the normal controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Immunologic types of lymphocytes in acute lymphatic leukemia during remission (author's transl)].

The rates of B and T-cell-subpopulations of lymphocytes were examined on 15 children with acute lymphatic leukemia during the first complete remission under maintenance in the Pinkel VII scheme and in 6 further cases with modification of this scheme of treatment compared to normal children in the same age groups. Further on 4 children during a relapse, on 1 during the second remission, and on 3 during long-term remissions. The most important result was a significant reduction of B cells during intensive maintenance therapy of the Pinkel scheme. In the few cases of long-term remissions a reduction of B cells was no longer observed.

Adolescent↗