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Biomedical subjects

H Wolf

Publications and source records attributed to H Wolf.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The influence of maternal fat metabolism on fetal carnitine levels.

Carnitine facilitates fatty acid transport across mitochondrial membranes, playing a key role in fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis. To investigate the mechanism by which carnitine and its esters are supplied to the fetus, we measured free carnitine (FC) and acyl carnitine (AC) in amniotic fluid during late pregnancy, and FC, AC and beta-hydroxybutyrate (beta-OHB) in maternal and fetal plasma at vaginal term delivery. Amniotic fluid AC levels were elevated in pregnancies complicated by toxemia and diabetes mellitus, possibly reflecting placental transfer during abnormal fat catabolism. Maternal plasma levels of beta-OHB and AC were elevated and positively correlated at vaginal delivery, indicating enhanced fatty acid utilization. The positive correlation between maternal and fetal FC, AC and beta-OHB plasma levels suggests placental transfer. The maternal-fetal concentration gradient was descending for beta-OHB and AC and ascending for FC. No umbilical venous-arterial gradient for AF and beta-OHB was found, suggesting that the fetus does not utilize substantial amounts of either substance. The results demonstrate that fetal FC and AC levels are influenced by changes in maternal fat metabolism.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1981

An Epstein--Barr virus early protein induces cell fusion.

Superinfection of Raji cells with Epstein--Barr virus (EBV) leads to syncytium formation. Studies using metabolic inhibitors and amino acid analogues suggest that the fusion-inducing factor belongs to the early group of virus-specified proteins. Induction of early EBV protein synthesis in Raji cells by using various chemicals also leads to syncytium formation, indicating that the fusion process is not caused by a virion membrane protein introduced into the cells upon infection. The relevance of these findings to the association of EBV with carcinoma of the nasopharynx is discussed.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1981

The spontaneous and induced synthesis of Epstein-Barr virus antigens in Raji cells immobilized on surface coated with anti-lymphocyte globulin.

Immobilization of Raji cells on surface coated with anti-lymphocyte globulin (ALG) at low cell densities lead to the synthesis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) early antigen (EA) in up to 5% of the cells. At higher cell densities the percentage of antigen-positive cells decreased and at confluency no antigen synthesis was observed. Addition of iododeoxyuridine (IdUrd) to low density cultures increased the expression of EA to 20%, whereas in confluent cultures the cells could not be induced to synthesize EA. Treatment of cells in suspension with ALG failed to induced EA synthesis and did not potentiate the effect of IdUrd. Immobilized Raji cells proved to be suitable targets for superinfection with EBV derived from P3HR1 cultures.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1981

The regulated expression of Epstein-Barr virus. III. Proteins specified by EBV during the lytic cycle.

The experiments show that 30 virus-induced or virus-specified proteins were synthesized in Raji cells after superinfection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) derived from P3HR1 cells. Using a combination of pulse labelling, application of cycloheximide blocks at different times post-infection, treatment with amino acid analogues and inhibition of DNA synthesis it was shown that three groups of proteins appear in Raji cells after superinfection; the synthesis of the proteins in any one group appears to be coordinately regulated. Amongst the six virus-induced proteins which were synthesized immediately after release from an early cycloheximide block one would expect to find those proteins essential for the transition from EBNA to EA synthesis. Using human sera with differing specificities for the various antigen groups 11 proteins were identified as being specifically precipitated by sera having high titres against the EBV-induced early antigen complex.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1981

Localization of IgGFc and complement receptors in chicken lymphoid tissue.

Chicken lymphoid organs were examined for IgGFc and complement receptors (FcR/CR) by immune adherence on frozen tissue sections. Indicator systems were sheep erythrocytes (E) coated with chicken anti-E IgG (EAch), E coated with rabbit anti-E IgG (EArab) and normal chicken serum (EAC), and FITC-labelled zymosan particles coated with chicken serum (ZyC). In the spleen, FcR and CR activity was confined to B-dependent areas, i.e. the periellipsoidal sheaths and germinal centres and the red pulp. No FcR were found in the thymic or bursal lymphoid tissue, but CR activity was observed in the medulla of bursal follicles. Chicken and turkey IgG, chicken IgGFc, and bovine serum albumin (BSA)--chicken anti-BSA complexes inhibited binding of Each. No inhibition was obtained with chicken IgGF(ab')2, IgM or albumin, or with BSA--rabbit anti-BSA complexes and human or rabbit IgG. E did not adhere to the sections, nor did EArab, EArab incubated with heat-inactivated chicken serum, or EAC complexes prepared with EArab and guinea-pig complement. The data suggest that chicken B lymphocytes and macrophages have receptors for avian IgGFc and C which can be demonstrated in tissue sections.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The clinical course in patients with renal carcinoma subjected to extracorporeal immunoadsorption.

The clinical course in 4 patients with renal carcinoma stages II, III or IV subjected to periods of extracorporeal immunoadsorption is reported. By this technique we have previously demonstrated that it is possible to isolate and remove circulating tumour associated antigens from the blood stream. The removal of these antigens should, according to present-day concepts, make it possible to control "antigenic inhibition" and/or "blocking", thus facilitating the immune mediated destruction of residual tumour cells in advanced disease. The clinical course in these patients, however, did not differ from the expected clinical course in other such patients. The failure of extracorporeal immunoadsorption to alter the natural course of the disease may be due either to too large a tumour burden or to the possibility that spontaneous tumours during evolution and progression become independent of immune restrictions.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1981

Urinary protein profiles in patients with urothelial bladder tumours.

Urinary protein profiles were studied in 32 patients with urothelial bladder tumours, using immunonephelometry. In patients without residual or recurrent tumours a glomerular type of proteinuria was demonstrated. In patients with grade III-IV transitional cell carcinoma the glomerular proteinuria was more severe than in patients with grade I-II tumours. Increased excretion of low molecular weight proteins was observed only in patients with grade III-IV tumours. The use of the increased relative clearance of albumin, transferrin, and haptoglobin as a diagnostic test was attempted in detecting residual or recurrent tumours. In patients with grade III-IV tumours the predictive value of a positive or negative test was 92% and 100% respectively, whereas the relative protein clearance was without predictive value in patients with grade I-II tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Epstein-Barr virus--a clinically relevant feature of nasopharyngeal carcinoma? (author's transl)].

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has been linked to Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) by seroepidemiological evidence and by the regular proof of EBV-DNA in the epithelial tumor cells. We have been able to study the serological parameters of 62 NPC patients of the local ENT-Clinic. All patients were kaukasians in contrast to a previous study by Henle et al. Our results emphasize the remarkable predominance of EBV-IgA antibodies to viral capsid antigen (VCA) and early antigen (EA) in NPC patients and prove the value of the test for the initial diagnosis of the disease. Follow-up studies with subsequent serological tests strongly suggest that this test is related to the stage of the disease. We have also found NPC-typical serological EBV-IgA titers in 3 lymphoepithelial carcinomas of the tonsil and the soft palate. Similar titers have been found in two cases of poorly differentiated carcinomas of the base of the tongue. All these tumors arise in the lymphoepithelial tissue of Waldeyer's ring. We conclude that possibly some carcinomas of Waldeyer's ring are similarly related to EBV as nasopharyngeal carcinomas are.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Evidence for the persistence of Epstein-Barr-virus in the parotid gland (author's transl)].

EBV is associated with B-lymphocytes. It is, however, not clear whether spontaneous activation of EBV genomes in carrier lymphocytes, which are present in the lymphocyte rich area of the oropharynx, is responsible for lifelong persistence of antibody-titers directed against EBV related antigens and the shedding of virus into the oropharynx. Alternatively EBV could reside in specific sites of the body and be produced there resembling somehow the situation of Marek's disease virus of chicken. That virus is found in T-lymphocytes and produced and spread from the epithelium of featherfollicles. In situ hybridisations with frozen sections of tonsils and parotid glands reveiled that EBV genomes are present in the tissue of the parotid gland of healthy seropositive persons. The data from in situ hybridisations could be confirmed using stringent reassociationkinetics. It is suggested that spontaneous activation of the lymphocytes is a very rare event and neither the source of virus in the saliva nor the reason for the lifelong persistence of antibodies to EBV related antigens.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1981

[On the viral etiology of Bell's palsy (An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay study) (author's transl)].

In a prospective study paired sera of 14 patients suffering from Bell's palsy were examined for antibodies against Varicella-zoster Virus (VZV), Herpes-simplex Virus (HSV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV). For determination of antibodies against VZV, HSV and CMV an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was carried out. Indirect immunofluorescence was carried out to determine antibodies against EBV. Serum samples were taken within 5 days of Bell's palsy having been diagnosed and were compared with further serum samples taken 4 weeks later. No evidence of significant differences between the antibody titers of the paired sera was found. The viral etiology of Bell's palsy due to an exogenous infection or by activation of a latent infection seems unlikely.

Antibodies, Viral↗