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Biomedical subjects

H Yasukochi

Publications and source records attributed to H Yasukochi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[67Ga scintigram and MRI in malignant bone tumors and malignant soft tissue tumors].

We have analyzed the characteristics of 67Ga scintigram and MRI in 11 malignant bone tumors and 11 malignant soft tissue tumors. Osteosarcoma showed a high accumulation in 67Ga scintigram and low signal intensity in T1 weighted image. T2 weighted image were not characteristic. Chondrosarcoma showed medium 67Ga accumulation and low signal in T1 weighted image and high signal in T2 weighted image. Ewing sarcoma showed low accumulation in 67Ga scan and medium intensity in MRI. Malignant soft tissue tumors showed rather low 67Ga accumulation compared with malignant bone tumors. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma showed medium accumulation of 67Ga, low signal in T1 weighted image and high signal in T2 weighted image. Liposarcoma showed low 67Ga accumulation and medium signal in T1 weighted image and high signal in T2 weighted image. To summarize these characteristics, three dimensional display is demonstrated.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Injuries of the sigmoid colon following radiation therapy of carcinoma of the uterine cervix--a method of estimating the radiation dose to the sigmoid colon].

Grade 2 or 3 injuries of the sigmoid colon were observed in 4 out of 42 patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix who were treated by radiation therapy. The irradiation was planned as the combination of the external irradiation (whole pelvic 30 Gy and 20 Gy with central shielding by 25 fractions, 5 weeks) and the intracavitary irradiation (RALS, 19 Gy at point A by 3 fractions). To analyze the causes of the radiation sigmoiditis, we have investigated the following factors: age, dose at point A, dose at point C, grade of tandem dislocation, uterine angle, obesity score, evidence of previous surgery to the pelvic cavity and hypertension. The dose at point C and the grade of tandem dislocation were determined from the confirming X-Ps at RALS therapy and external irradiation. The superimposition of these films was performed with corrections for the angle between the projection direction of the X-Ps and the vertical magnification factor of the central shielding area. Point C was defined as a point 2 cm anterior to the intersection of the tandem axis and a curvilinear line 1 cm outside from the margin of central shield on the X-Ps. Grades of tandem disclocation were decided as the number of tandem tips which were outside of the central shielding area on X-Ps. As the results, the doses at point C showed very high statistical significance (p less than 0.001) with the evidence of radiation sigmoiditis. All the cases with radiation sigmoiditis were received over 1290cGy at point C. Age had also some significance (p less than 0.05) with radiation sigmoiditis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Efficacy of pancreatic scan--comparison among conventional scan, SPECT and X-CT].

We studied the efficacy of pancreas scintigraphy using 75Se-selenomethionine by conventional method and SPECT in 26 patients diagnosed as pancreatic tumor or pancreatitis. X-CT was also performed in all patients and compared its efficacy with that of scintigraphy. In order to evaluate the image quality, 4 doctors analysed the images independently without clinical information and score them according to the possible abnormality. The average score of each film was adopted as an index for sensitivity, and the standard deviation was evaluated as objectiveness of the images. As for the detection of pancreatic tumor, both the sensitivity and the objectiveness of X-CT were superior to those of scintigraphies. However, evaluation by scintigraphy combined with X-CT increased the diagnostic sensitivity of pancreatitis than that of X-CT alone in some cases. These results suggest that the scintigraphy has no indication to suspected pancreatic tumor, but it still has some value in limited cases of pancreatitis. Almost no advantage was noted in SPECT combined with conventional image. Main reason was the artifact of SPECT preventing the accurate interpretation. Only benefits of SPECT were to decrease the false positive rate and to increase the objectiveness of 75Se-selenomethionine scan. When the scan is discussed as the examination, careful considerations should be done on the point of limited advantage on diagnostic efficacy and marked disadvantage of radiation to patients and environment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Radiotherapy of uterine cervix carcinoma].

Seventy-eight patients with uterine cervix cancer were treated radically with standardized radiation therapy at Teikyo University Hospital in Tokyo from January 1979 to December 1985. The age of these patients ranged from 32 to 88 years old (average age 66.0). The pathology and the stage of them were 71 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (1 in stage I, 11 in stage II, 58 in stage III and 1 in stage IV) and 7 cases of adenocarcinoma (6 in stage III and 1 in stage IV). The cumulative survival rates for 5 years by Kaplan-Meier method were 71.5% for squamous cell carcinoma stage II, 47.4% for squamous cell carcinoma stage III and 0% for adenocarcinoma stage III. Radiation injury was studied by the grading system of Kottmeier-NIRS in Japan. The incidence of the injuries for grade 2 and 3 was 12.8% (10/78), and the items of those were rectal injury 5.1% (4/78) and sigmoidal colonic injury 7.7% (6/78). The results of survival rate were fair for the squamous cell carcinoma compared with the other reports but poor for adenocarcinoma stage III. Concerning the therapy for advanced adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix, special consideration should be given for irradiation doses or infusion chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[The effects of angiographic contrast media on the aggregation and morphology of red cells in vitro].

The effects of four angiographic contrast media on the aggregation and morphology of human red cells in vitro, using microscopic observations were studied. The media included an ionic contrast medium, sodium meglumine amidotrizoate (amidotrizoate); non-ionic low-osmolal contrast media, iopamidol and iohexol; and an ionic low-osmolal contrast medium, sodium meglumine ioxaglate (ioxaglate). Strong, large aggregates formed in the control blood, without media, where aggregation of red cells was inhibited by contrast media mixed with the blood in a ratio of 2:1. Almost no aggregates were observed for amidotrizoate, an ionic contrast medium, while there were a few rouleaux formed in the presence of ioxaglate. Nearly all of the red cells aggregated in the presence of iopamidol and iohexol; iohexol produced the greater aggregation of the two. Besides rouleaux, irregular aggregates were formed with iohexol. When the contrast media were mixed with blood in a ratio of 1:2, their inhibitory effects on aggregation declined. These results clearly indicate that contrast media inhibit the in vitro aggregation of red cells, and ionic-contrast media produced more potent inhibitory effects than non-ionic media. With added NaCl and meglumine, iohexol did not induce red cell aggregation. This suggests that ionic-contrast media have greater inhibitory effects on aggregation than non-ionic media, a result of their ionic properties. Red cells were morphologically quite normal in the presence of ioxaglate, where most red cells were crenated in the presence of iopamidol and iohexol, and shrank in the presence of amidotrizoate. In the presence of iopamidol and iohexol with the osmolality adjusted to that of a saline solution, both normal red cells and crenation were observed. This suggests that non-ionic contrast media may directly effect morphological changes in red blood cells. These results revealed that ioxaglate, an ionic contrast medium, was the best in vitro medium, to prevent aggregation of red cells and crenation deformity of erythrocytes.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1989

[Improved contrast enhancement with a positive pressure drip infusion method and 350 mg I/ml high concentration contrast media in routine contrast enhanced CT].

Sixty cases of routine contrast enhanced CT were analyzed about the utilities of positive pressure drip infusion method using high concentration contrast media 350 mgI/ml, 100 ml. They were divided into three groups and each twenty cases were received positive pressure drip infusion method using Iohexol 350 mg/ml, 100 ml (350PP), positive pressure drip infusion method using Iohexol 300 mgI/ml, 100 ml (300PP) or conventional drip infusion method using Iohexol 300 mgI/ml, 100 ml (300DI). Enhancement effects of the liver parenchyma, the aorta and the spleen at upper, middle and lower levels of the liver were evaluated with increased attenuation on pre- and postcontrast CT. And intrahepatic contrast was evaluated with attenuation difference between liver parenchyma and intrahepatic vessels on postcontrast CT. In result, 300PP kept better enhancement effects and obtained better intrahepatic contrast than 300DI at the each level of the liver, and 350PP was still better than 300PP. The analysis of relationship between intrahepatic contrast and body weight suggested that 300PP was the optimal choice for the cases with 40-50 kg body weight and 350PP was for the ones with 50-60 kg as the infusion method of routine contrast enhanced CT. And the dose of contrast media seemed to be more needed for the cases over 60 kg body weight. 350PP and 300PP were concluded as useful, safe and simple methods for routine contrast enhanced CT of the liver.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1988

[Boron-neutron capture therapy in brain tumors and other cancers--a radiosurgery].

If a certain means enables a selective loading of tumor cells with a stable isotope of boron-10, the tumor tissue can be selectively destroyed when the tumor-containing organ is exposed to slow neutron beams as the result of intracellular heavy particle radiations which arise from boron-10 atoms in the neutron capture reactions. An early clinical trial in the U.S.A. was discontinued after the 1953-1961 series, but the clinical trial resumed in Japan in 1968 has so far treated almost 90 patients with malignant brain tumors. The longest surviving patient has lived 16 years, and two others have lived 10 years. A median survival of 2 years was obtained with 12 patients with grade III - IV gliomas which had been within 6 cm from the cortical surface. This success has caused a reassessment of this therapy throughout the world, and there is an internationally concerted effort is going on in most countries with advanced technology. Application of this therapy to other incurable cancers, such as those of the liver, pancreas, skin and even of the bone-marrow is being sought.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Changes in frontal lobe size with age. A CT study in children.

A series of linear measurements on computed tomography of the brain was performed in 481 children (from newborns up to 5 years of age). Each measurement increased with age in infancy and early childhood. In addition to the commonly used linear measurements, a new index has been devised. This index equals the ratio between the sagittal diameter of the brain and the sagittal midline distance from the anterior border of the brain to a line tangential to the anterior horns. All measurements were made on the scan at the level of the foramen of Monro. This index was called the frontal force index (FFI), because it seemed to reflect the morphologic change in the frontal lobes. The functions related to the frontal lobes, i.e. cognitive functions, develop rapidly during infancy and early childhood. In normally or subnormally developed children the FFI increased during early infancy and decreased in severely retarded children. The FFI is obviously useful in the evaluation of the development of the frontal lobes.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1986

The bifrontal fluid collection area and other cerebrospinal fluid spaces at computed tomography in children. Its variations with increasing age and pathologic conditions.

A total of 592 computed tomography examinations of the brain in children were studied from the aspect of age and development. The series was divided into 3 groups with respect to neurologic development: 1) normal without neurologic symptoms, 2) normal or subnormal with neurologic symptoms, and 3) moderately to severely retarded. For evaluation, a method of visual grading was applied for each cerebrospinal fluid space. Concerning the ventricular system, the most significant changes in size with increasing age were noted in the lateral ventricles. There were no significant changes in the third and fourth ventricles. Among the three groups, the enlargement was most prominent in group 3 and less prominent in groups 1 and 2. Concerning the extraventricular spaces, the enlarged bifrontal fluid collection area, the sylvian fissure, the interhemispheric fissure, and the cerebral sulci vanished with increasing age. Similarly to the ventricular system, the enlargement was most prominent in group 3, and less prominent in groups 1 and 2, above the age of 1 year. The relation of these results to age and developmental factors are discussed.

Adolescent↗