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Biomedical subjects

H Yuasa

Publications and source records attributed to H Yuasa.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Surgical treatment for aortic diseases associated with coronary artery stenosis].

Three hundred and one patients undergoing aortic surgery (247 aneurysm cases and 54 arteriosclerotic obstruction cases) were evaluated in respect to the treatment for the associated coronary artery stenosis. Twenty-four among total cases (8%) showed the presence of coronary artery stenosis; 16 cases among aneurysm cases (6.5%) and 8 cases among arteriosclerotic obstruction cases (14.8%). Coronary revascularization was performed in 10 cases and the early operate death was observed in one case. Two abdominal aneurysm cases and 4 arteriosclerotic obstruction cases received two-staged aortic and coronary operation, since either aortic or coronary lesion was considered lethal. However, 3 cases of dissecting aneurysm (type I or II), and case of arteriosclerotic obstruction case having left ventricular aneurysm received simultaneous aortic and coronary surgery, since both of the lesions were highly lethal. These data are consistent with the conclusion that the combined aortic and coronary lesion should be treated with the two-staged operation, and that the simultaneous aortic and coronary surgery should be performed only when the both lesions are lethal.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The results of experimental study of six-hour heart-lung preservation by autoperfusion method--its evaluation of optimal conditions and lung function after preservation].

Up to date, it has been reported that the maintenance of ideal function of the preserved lungs were much more difficult than that of the hearts in heart-lung preservation. In this communication the authors have reported the results of experimental study for optimal conditions for preserving better function of the lungs by autoperfusion method by means of heart-lung preparation using 43 dogs. In this study the conditions of the preservation were fixed as following: perfusing blood temperature 29 degrees C, blood flow 30 ml/kg/min., FiO2 30%, FiCO2 5%, tidal volume 15 ml/kg, ventilation rate 10/min., and PEEP 5 cmH2O. Glucose-Insulin-Potassium (0.03 gm., 0.05 U., 0.02 mEq/kg/hr. respectively) were administered continuously by an infusion pump. The results showed that extravascular lung water contents after 6 hours of preservation was 0.79 (mean) +/- 0.01 (SD), which was increased only 1% over than the control group: 0.78 +/- 0.01. There was no significant difference of static lung compliance in two groups: the preserved group was 0.47 +/- 0.02 ml/gm.cmH2O compared to 0.51 +/- 0.06 in the control group. These results suggest that the autoperfusion method on our preserving conditions seems to be very promising and very effective to keep much better condition of the lungs in heart-lung preservation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical treatment of left ventricular aneurysm associated with mitral regurgitation].

The purpose of this study is to analyze the early and late results of left ventricular aneurysmectomy in patients with mitral regurgitation secondary to myocardial infarction. Twenty patients who had left ventricular aneurysm combined with mitral regurgitation underwent the isolated or combined aneurysmectomy during the last 10 years. There were 18 male cases and 2 female cases, and their age ranged from 31 to 64 (mean age 52.6 years). In 19 cases, the left ventricular aneurysm were caused secondary to antero-septal infarction due to the occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. In one case, the coronary spasm of circumflex artery provoked the posterolateral myocardial infarction and the tendon rupture of posterior papillary muscle. The isolated left ventricular aneurysmectomy were performed in 6 cases and the combined operations were coronary artery bypass grafting in 11 cases, mitral annuloplasty in 1 case, mitral annuloplasty and bypass grafting in 1 case, and mitral replacement in 1 case. There were no operative death cases. The preoperative mean functional class (NYHA classification) was 2.9 and the postoperative class was 1.4. The preoperative mitral regurgitation of grade 1 in Sellers' classification was observed in 11 cases. Grade 2 regurgitation was observed in 6 cases, grade 3 in 2 and grade 4 in 1. After surgery, mitral regurgitation more than grade 2 was recognized in 3 cases (group A) and regurgitation less than grade 1 was seen in 17 cases (group B).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study on stab wounds of chest--factors that may influence their mortality].

Stab wounds of the chest occupy an important position in penetrating thoracic injuries in Japan. A retrospective review of 117 patients with stab wounds of the chest admitted to our hospital over the past 12 years (from 1975 to 1987) revealed some factors that might influence their mortality. Seven patients died from trans-diaphragmatic injuries of intra-abdominal organs. The management of intra-abdominal injuries was very important in thoracic stab wounds. Many of the patients with stab wounds of the precordial chest (danger zone) had cardiac or major vascular injuries, and the mortality rate of them was high. The mortality rate of the patients with stab wounds of the right lateral thorax was high, because many of them had trans-diaphragmatic liver injuries. We thought that right lateral thorax as well as precordial chest is the danger zone in thoracic stab wounds. Survival rate in the patients whose circulatory condition had been unstable when they admitted was very low. Five DOA (dead on arrival) patients with stab wounds of the chest required emergency room thoracotomy (ERT). One of them survived. Survival rate in the DOA patients with stab wounds of the chest was higher than that in the DOA patients with blunt thoracic injuries. ERT for cardiac insufficiency following stab wounds of the chest was thought an effective procedure for surviving. Survival rate of the patients with cardiac stab wounds was 63.6 per cent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The effects of administration of haptoglobin for hemolysis by extracorporeal circulation].

It is well known that hemolysis by extracorporeal circulation is major cause of renal failure after open heart surgery. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of administration of haptoglobin (Hp) during extracorporeal circulation. The patients were divided into two groups: Group I 10 patients underwent open heart surgery for extracorporeal circulation; Group II 10 patients underwent open heart surgery for extracorporeal circulation with the administration of 4,000 IU of Hp. The serum level of total Hp was elevated in group II during bypass, and reduced at 1st day in both groups more than pre-operative level. The serum level of total Hb was elevated in both groups during bypass, and reduced at 1st day within normal limits. Free serum Hb was found in group I at 30 min after start bypass and increased during bypass and urinary Hb was also found. However, in group II free Hb was not found during and after bypass. Urinary NAG and alpha 1 Mg levels of group I were significantly higher than those of group II. The administration of Hp during extracorporeal circulation prevents the increment of serum free Hb and is effective for protection of renal function.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1988

Comparative assessment of the resistance of the unstirred water layer to solute transport between two different intestinal perfusion systems.

The resistance of the unstirred water layer to solute transport was estimated in two different intestinal single-pass perfusion systems for a comparative study, using D-glucose as a model compound. One is a well established perfusion system in anesthetized rats as a standard (system A). The other is the one in unanesthetized rats for comparison (system B). It was demonstrated that in system B as well as in system A the resistance of the unstirred water layer to D-glucose transport should be taken into account and this resistance, accordingly, the effective thickness of the unstirred water layer (delta) which is assumed to be in proportion to its resistance, could be described as a function of the perfusion rate by using a film model. The delta decreased with increasing perfusion rate and was larger in system A than in system B at each perfusion rate; 785 microns in system A versus 319 microns in system B at the perfusion rate of 0.16 ml/min and 337 microns versus 184 micron at that of 2.95 ml/min. Thus in system B the effective thickness, accordingly, the resistance, of the unstirred water layer was reduced to about 50% of that in system A, but the resistance of the unstirred water layer could still account for 85% of the total resistance at the maximum as far as D-glucose absorption was concerned, while 93% in system A. These results suggest that, compared with perfusion experiments in anesthetized rats (system A), the resistance of the unstirred water layer is reduced but cannot be left out of consideration even if perfusion experiments are performed in unanesthetized rats (system B). And the lower resistance of the unstirred water layer in system B was attributed to a turbulent flow in contrary to a laminar flow in system A.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Regulation of in vivo immunological reactions by monoclonal antibody against lymphocyte activation antigen.

In vivo effects of a monoclonal antibody that recognizes rat lymphocyte activation antigen were studied. Spleen cells obtained from sheep red blood cell (SRBC)-immunized rats developed strong PFC response against SRBC. However, the 5C6-F4 treatment resulted in the inhibition of subsequent development of PFC response. The suppression of PFC response was due to the inhibition of generation of helper T cells, but not due to the preferential induction of suppressor cells. In addition, 5C6-F4 antibody was also found to inhibit the clinical expression of collagen-induced rat arthritis and the synovial inflammation in collagen-induced arthritis rats. Furthermore, the in vivo generation of cytotoxic cells against syngeneic tumor cells was also inhibited by 5C6-F4 antibody. The in vivo administration of 5C6-F4 antibody did not cause any pathological changes in brain, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Inter-organ relation between salivary gland and kidney in lithium excretion. I. Effects of continuous stimulation of salivation on salivary, renal and systemic clearances of lithium in dog.

The effects of continuous stimulation of salivation on salivary, renal and systemic clearances of lithium were investigated following bolus intravenous administration of lithium chloride (0.145 meq/kg) in three beagle dogs. The salivation was frequently stimulated with citric acid solution, then parotid saliva and mandibular-sublingual saliva were collected separately by means of permanent fistulae. Although the continuous stimulation of salivation markedly increased the salivary clearance of lithium, no significant change was observed in plasma concentrations or systemic clearance of lithium. This was because the decrement in the renal clearance of lithium canceled out the effect of increased salivary clearance. It is suggested that the reabsorption of lithium in the renal tubule was enhanced under the continuous stimulation of salivation, and this seemed to be caused by loss of water or sodium through the salivary glands.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Studies on improvement of pharmaceutical preparations prescribed in hospitals. VI. Oxaprozin nasal spray.

Many nasal sprays used in the treatment of rhinitis contain a steroidal agent, giving rise to fear of side effects when they are used frequently and continually. Accordingly, we undertook the development of a nasal spray containing oxaprozin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Suitable discharge pressure and surfactants were determined by applying trial aerosols to human subjects in "feeling" tests to assess approval rating. Other tests showed that about 80% of the expelled oxaprozin was released into the nasal cavity, and that the chosen formulation caused only a low level of irritation to the nasal mucosa. Most of the aerosol particles were found to adhere to Kiesselbach's area and the frontal region of the inferior concha, which are the major areas where inflammation and nasal haemorrhage occur. When the nasal spray was administered to 50 patients, a sufficient therapeutic effect was achieved, especially in the treatment of nasal haemorrhage, and side effects have not yet been detected.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1988

[Graft patency and myocardial viability after aorto-coronary bypass surgery evaluated by exercise 201T1 myocardial SPECT].

To evaluate graft patency and myocardial viability after aorto-coronary (AC) bypass surgery, 58 patients (29 with old myocardial infarction and 29 with effort angina) underwent symptom-limited exercise 201T1 myocardial SPECT using a bicycle ergometer before and after surgery. The results were as follows: 1. The overall angiographic graft patency was 87% (97 of 112 grafts). 2. According to the stress SPECT images, graft patencies were 98% for areas with postoperative improvement by 201T1 uptakes, 79% for areas with unchanged patterns, and 53% for areas with worsened patterns. In spite of patent grafts, among cases with worsened 201T1 uptakes the etiologies included perioperative infarction, anastomotic strictures, and poor run-off distal to the anastomoses. 3. Following patency of grafts, postoperative normalized perfusion patterns were observed in 69% (27 of 39 segments) of segments with persistent preoperative low uptakes and 25% (4 of 16 segments) of segments with persistent preoperative defects. Thus, exercise 201T1 myocardial SPECT proved a useful diagnostic means of assessing graft patency and effectiveness. However, after AC bypass surgery, 25% of the regions which had persistent defects before surgery exhibited normal perfusion patterns. These findings suggest that persistent defects may represent hypoperfusion of viable myocardium, and that we should carefully diagnose myocardial scars.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Stimulation of T lymphocyte proliferation by monoclonal antibodies against GD3 ganglioside.

Cell-surface gangliosides are presumed to play a role in cell growth and differentiation. With the use of monoclonal antibodies directed against GD3, a disialoganglioside expressed predominantly by cells of neuroectodermal origin, we have found that GD3 is expressed by a subpopulation of cells of the immune system including: 1) fetal thymocytes in subcortical regions and near vessels, 2) lymph node lymphocytes in interfollicular areas and near vessels, and 3) a small subset of T cells in the peripheral blood. Mouse monoclonal antibodies (two IgGs, one IgM, and F(ab')2 fragments) reacting with GD3 were found to stimulate proliferation of T cells derived from peripheral blood. Proliferation of T cells was observed even in cultures depleted of macrophages, suggesting that activation by anti-GD3 was not dependent on the presence of accessory cells. T cell proliferation was maximum between days 5 and 7 of stimulation and was preceded by expression of interleukin 2 receptors. No stimulation was observed with control antibodies of the identical isotype or with monoclonal antibodies recognizing the gangliosides GD2 or GM2. During stimulation by anti-GD3 monoclonal antibodies, there was an expansion of the GD3+ pool of T cells, but depletion of GD3+ T cells prior to stimulation abrogated the response. Proliferation induced by binding to GD3 could be augmented by exogenous interleukin 2 and phytohemagglutinin. Anti-CD3 (T3) monoclonal antibodies had little or no effect. These results demonstrate that binding to GD3 on the surface of T cells can elicit signals for T cell proliferation.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗