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Biomedical subjects

H de Crémoux

Publications and source records attributed to H de Crémoux.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Pulmonary sarcoidosis: evaluation with high-resolution CT.

Forty-four patients with histologically confirmed sarcoidosis were prospectively studied with high-resolution computed tomography (CT). Nodules were seen in all cases. They were isolated in 19 cases and associated with other lesions in 25 cases. Other abnormalities were irregular interfaces (n = 18, 41%), linear network (n = 14, 32%), thickening of the pleural surface (n = 9, 20%), ground-glass opacities (n = 7, 16%), lung distortion (n = 11, 25%), traction bronchiectasis (n = 3, 7%), and network of air-filled cavities (n = 3, 7%). Predominant sites of lesions were the upper and middle zones (n = 30, 68%) and posterior zones (n = 13, 30%). Nodular abnormalities were noted at CT in six cases in which the pulmonary parenchyma appeared normal on radiographs. Lung distortion was noted at CT in eight cases without visible fibrosis on chest radiographs. The majority of patients with lung distortion (nine of 11, 82%) had disease of greater than a years duration. CT improved sensitivity for the detection of all types of lesions, mainly lung distortion. Low but significant correlations were found between visual score at CT and total lung capacity, vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and diffusing capacity.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Collagenase and diffuse interstitial pneumopathy].

Chronic elastolytic activity in the lung is currently believed to be a major factor in pathogenesis of emphysema. Collagenase may have similar role in disorganizing lung collagen network, leading to fibrotic lung diseases (FLD). The possible involvement of collagenase in FLD is suggested by: 1) an increase collagenolitic activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis or adult respiratory distress syndrome; 2) the accumulation and the activation of cells able to produce collagenases in FLD: fibroblasts, macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils. However the exact role of collagenase in FLD is still unknown: it could inhibit neocollagen deposition, limiting fibrotic process or lead to further destruction of collagen network. Recent data suggest that genomic macrophage activation (such the proto oncogene c-SIS) may lead to several cellular events: 1) increase number and activation of fibroblasts with collagen synthesis; 2) increase collagenase production resulting of accumulation and activation of fibroblasts, macrophages, neutrophils. So we conclude that such a genomic macrophage activation may be the major factor contributing to the collagen network damage leading to lung tissue fibrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Non-ventilatory functions of the cells of the respiratory system].

The physiology of the respiratory system was limited until recently to study of the structures subjected to simple physical laws and involved in gas exchanges only. Today, the airways and lung itself are conceived as complex living structures adapted to defence against exogenous, microbiological, organic and inorganic substances which reach the respiratory epithelium, contained in the 10 to 12 m3 of air entering and leaving the lungs daily. In addition, the considerable surface area represented by the endothelium of the pulmonary circulation is a site of synthesis and elimination, the implications of which are increasingly important in the area of the metabolism of endogenous substances: prostaglandins, vasomotor substances and the bioconversion of drugs and toxic agents. This is an increasingly large area of research and investigation, the clinical applications of which appear to be more and more frequent and important.

Arachidonic Acids↗