Biomedical subjects

H van Bree

Publications and source records attributed to H van Bree.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Evaluation of subchondral lesion size in osteochondrosis of the scapulohumeral joint in dogs.

In 62 dogs, the size of 104 subchondral osteochondrosis lesions, expressed as a percentage of the width of the humeral head (the length of the axis from the intertubercular groove to the edge of the humeral head), was significantly (P < 0.0001) different in joints with intact vs ruptured articular cartilage and in joints associated with vs without clinical signs. The status of the articular cartilage covering the subchondral defect was evaluated by use of positive-contrast arthrography.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of positive-contrast arthrography and arthrotomy in evaluation of osteochondrosis lesions in the scapulohumeral joint in dogs.

During a 6-year-period (1985-1991), 120 positive-contrast arthrograms were made in 70 dogs to evaluate osteochondrosis lesions in the scapulohumeral joint. In 76 shoulders, the arthrographic findings were compared with surgical or histopathologic findings to evaluate the accuracy of the arthrographic technique. Positive-contrast arthrography was found to be accurate in evaluation of the status of the articular cartilage. In revealing discontinuity of the articular cartilage, the results of arthrography were false-negative in 4 shoulders (58/66; accuracy, 88%). In detecting thick cartilage covering a subchondral defect, the results of positive-contrast arthrography were false-positive in 4 joints (6/11; accuracy, 55%). In detecting fragmentation of the cartilage, arthrography provided false-negative results in 4 joints (7/11; accuracy, 64%). This technique enabled detection of joint mice, especially within the bicipital tendon sheath (no false-positive results). Arthrography failed to reveal joint mice within the caudal pouch in 2 joints (15/17; accuracy, 88%). Joint effusion also could be evaluated and was correlated with synovitis, degenerative joint disease, and loose or detached cartilage flaps. Postarthrography complications were not observed with this technique.

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PubMed1993

Pathologic correlations with magnetic resonance images of osteochondrosis lesions in canine shoulders.

Twelve shoulders in 6 dogs with clinical and radiographic evidence of osteochondrosis were examined by magnetic resonance imaging performed on a 0.5-T superconductive system. Scans were obtained with 5-mm-thick slices and 0.75-mm pixel size. Unenhanced T1-weighted spin-echo and unenhanced T2*-weighted gradient-echo images were obtained, using a high-resolution surface coil. The T1-weighted sequences were repeated after IV injection of 0.1 mmol of gadopentetate dimeglumine/kg of body weight (0.2 ml/kg). In 6 joints, histologic examination of synovia and articular cartilage was carried out. The magnetic resonance images were correlated with arthrographic, arthroscopic, and histologic findings. Magnetic resonance imaging was useful in evaluating the extent of subchondral lesions and the severity of inflammatory changes within the subchondral bone. Areas of low signal (visible subchondrally on T1-weighted images that were enhanced by administration of contrast medium) indicated active inflammatory changes within the subchondral bone. Although articular cartilage discontinuity could be detected, loose cartilage flaps could not always be reliably demonstrated. Signal inhomogeneity within the articular cartilage was presumed to correspond with zones of cartilage degeneration.

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PubMed1993

Elbow arthroscopy in clinically normal dogs.

After a detailed anatomic study to determine puncture sites, 10 cadaver elbows from 5 dogs were examined arthroscopically to study the normal intraarticular anatomy, as viewed from the medial side. Subsequent dissection revealed absence of neurovascular injury and only minor iatrogenic damage to the cartilage. The technique was clinically applied and evaluated in 13 dogs (26 joints). The dogs recovered without complications. The technique proved to be safe and reliable for direct examination of nearly the entire joint. More specifically, it allowed systematic inspection of the medial and lateral humeral condyles, the medial and lateral coronoid processes, the caudal and middle parts of the head of the radius, the olecranon (including the anconeal process), and the medial collateral ligament.

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PubMed1992

Vacuum phenomenon associated with osteochondrosis of the scapulohumeral joint in dogs: 100 cases (1985-1991).

The vacuum phenomenon was visualized in 20 of 100 scapulohumeral joints with osteochondritic lesions in 65 dogs. The phenomenon was associated with the finding of a cartilage flap, lack of joint effusion, and clinical signs of pain and lameness. The vacuum phenomenon was not observed on radiography of 30 clinically normal contralateral joints, and it could not be induced in 36 clinically normal scapulohumeral joints radiographed under stressed extension.

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PubMed1992

Comparison of the nonionic contrast agents, iopromide and iotrolan, for positive-contrast arthrography of the scapulohumeral joint in dogs.

Arthrographic quality and synovial inflammatory response were examined to compare the use of iopromide with that of iotrolan for arthrography of the scapulohumeral joint in 6 dogs. Radiographs obtained 1 and 3 minutes after injection of either nonionic compound were of similar quality, but radiographs obtained 5 minutes after injection of iotrolan were significantly (P less than 0.05) better than those obtained after injection of iopromide. Results of analysis of synovial fluid samples obtained at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after injection of contrast media were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Histologic examination of synovium and articular cartilage 2 weeks after injection of iopromide or iotrolan revealed minimal inflammatory response for both contrast agents. Injection of iopromide and iotrolan into the scapulohumeral joints of dogs had less effect on synovial fluid than that reported after injection of ionic compounds.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Comparison of nonionic contrast agents iohexol and iotrolan for cisternal myelography in dogs.

During this investigation, the use of iohexol was compared with iotrolan for canine cisternal myelography. Iohexol and iotrolan myelography was done in 6 dogs by cisternal puncture with a 6-week interval between both procedures; each dog served as its own control. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected for baseline analysis from each dog immediately before the contrast agent was injected. Cerebrospinal fluid samples were obtained at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after injection of each contrast medium for cytologic and chemical analysis. Total CSF leucocyte count and glucose concentration did not change significantly in comparison with baseline data in any of the samples. After the injection of iohexol, protein concentration increased significantly in the 24-hour sample, and lactate dehydrogenase activity increased significantly in the 3-day sample. Significant difference was not found between the different samples collected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days, compared with both contrast media. None of the dogs had seizure activity during a 5-hour postmyelographic observation period. Pathologic changes were not found by gross or microscopic examination of the spinal cord. Although a degradation in time of radiographic quality of all myelograms took place, the average radiographic score decreased more rapidly with iohexol. The average score at 90 minutes with iotrolan was comparable with the score at 45 minutes with iohexol, and the average score at 150 minutes with iotrolan was better than the score at 90 minutes with iohexol. At 5 and 10 minutes after cisternal injection, no significant difference was observable between the myelograms, but from 45 minutes onward, myelograms with iotrolan were superior.

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PubMed1990

Evaluation of the prognostic value of positive-contrast shoulder arthrography for bilateral osteochondrosis lesions in dogs.

To investigate whether arthrographic findings had any prognostic value with respect to treatment and outcome of bilateral osteochondrosis, shoulder arthrograms (n = 80) from 40 dogs with bilateral lesions were evaluated. Arthrography was performed, using 1.5 to 4 ml of a 25% solution of meglumine-sodium diatrizoate, with admixture of 0.2 mg of epinephrine. A shoulder with signs of pain and lameness was surgically treated. The contralateral shoulder was treated conservatively, and the final outcome was compared with the arthrographic findings. In 37 dogs, signs of lameness and pain were associated with a loose cartilage flap and, in 3, with a detached cartilage flap. In 2 dogs, admitted with bilateral lameness, a loose cartilage flap was detected in both shoulders. Of 12 dogs with a detectable loose cartilage flap in the contralateral shoulder joint, 6 became lame 2 to 4 months after initial surgical intervention and needed bilateral surgery. In the contralateral joint, development of thick articular cartilage over the subchondral defect or a detached cartilage flap lodged in the caudal pouch of the shoulder joint was a favorable prognostic sign. Such dogs had no signs of lameness on the contralateral side during a follow-up period that ranged from 1 to 7 years.

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PubMed1989

Positive contrast arthrography of the dog's shoulder with meglumine-sodium diatrizoate.

Different volumes with varying concentrations of meglumine-sodium diatrizoate were injected to study positive contrast shoulder arthrograms in six experimental dogs weighing 23-37 kg. The best delineation of the articular cartilage was obtained following injection of 1.5 ml of a 25% solution (185 mg iodine/joint). To visualize the bicipital tendon sheet and the different pouches of the shoulder joint, 6 ml of a 25% solution (750 mg iodine/joint) should be used. If no definite lesions are previewed, 6 ml of a 19% solution (550 mg iodine/joint) offers an acceptable compromise since with this volume and concentration no pooling of contrast medium overlapping the caudal area of the humeral head was seen. Radiographs should be obtained within 5 minutes after injection of the contrast medium. After that period the delineation of the joint structures is vaguening by absorption of the contrast medium. Repeated contrast examination with meglumine-sodium diatrizoate should be avoided. After four procedures at weekly intervals, the necropsy performed on two dogs showed inflammatory changes of the synovial membrane.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

The diagnostic significance of increased urinary and serum amylase activity in bitches with pyometra.

The serum amylase and the serum lipase activities determined simultaneously were normal in 92 bitches with pyometra (group A). To determine the usefulness of the information provided by the measurement of urinary amylase activity in pyometra dogs, the relation of serum and urinary amylase activity to urinary protein and serum lipase activity in paired serum and urine samples was investigated in 39 control bitches and in a second group of 66 bitches with pyometra (group B). The 39 control bitches and 18 pyometra bitches (group B1) had normal urinary amylase activity and showed neither a change in urinary protein nor in serum amylase or lipase activities. There was no relationship between the urinary amylase activity and the urinary protein level or the serum amylase activity. The remaining forty-eight pyometra bitches (group B2) had normal serum lipase activity and increased urinary amylase activity (amylasuria), which correlated highly with the increased urinary protein concentration and to a lesser degree with the increased serum amylase activity. Renal failure in 15 of those bitches had no influence on the degree of increase in the urinary or serum amylase activity. It was concluded that, in the absence of any significant indication of pancreatic disease, amylasuria and amylasaemia in bitches with pyometra are a strong indication of renal glomerular disease. Amylasuria was indicative to some degree of an increased serum amylase activity, but was unrelated to renal failure.

Amylases↗

PubMed1989

Epinephrine enhanced positive contrast shoulder arthrography in the dog.

Positive contrast shoulder arthrograms were obtained with and without the intra-articular injection of 0.2 mg of epinephrine in 6 experimental dogs and were compared after completion of the study. Radiographs were made 1, 3, 5, 9, 13, 17, 25 and 30 minutes after injection of the contrast medium. Admixture of epinephrine to the contrast medium resulted in an improvement in the sharpness of the contrast outlined joint structures as well as in the persistence of this enhanced detail on delayed radiographs. Detailed ECG recordings in 2 dogs during this procedure showed no abnormalities.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Radiographic assessment of liver volume in dogs.

In a group of 65 dogs, radiographic liver length, the length of the axis from the most cranial part of the diaphragm to the apex of the liver tip, was correlated significantly (P less than 0.000001) with real liver volume. Within this group, radiographic liver length, compared with the length of the eleventh thoracic vertebra, was correlated with liver volume per kilogram of body weight. In a group of 30 dogs, with histologically normal liver, this measurement was not affected by thoracic conformation. These findings suggest that radiographic liver length is a reliable measurement for estimating liver volume in dogs and that it is not influenced by thoracic conformation. For 60 of the 65 dogs, a method of assessment of liver volume was formulated that required 2 measurements to be made on the lateral abdominal radiograph and 1 to be made on the dog itself.

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PubMed1988