Biomedical subjects

Hal D Martin

Publications and source records attributed to Hal D Martin.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2007

Contrast reaction from hip arthrogram.

Arthrography is considered a safe procedure with rare reactions to intra-articular contrast administration. Although the use of intra-articular contrast carries a small risk of reaction, no prior serious complications had been encountered in our experience with arthrography. We report a patient's prolonged reaction to contrast media after an arthrogram of the hip. Literature review demonstrated no prior report of contrast media reactions to hip arthrography. Therefore, we decided to review the literature and report our case.

Arthrography↗

PubMed2007

Transoral vertebral augmentation with polymethylmethacrylate in the treatment of a patient with a dens fracture nonunion and subarticular vertebral body fracture of C2.

The injection of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is a minimally invasive, image-guided procedure used to treat vertebral fractures due to osteoporosis, metastatic lesions, multiple myeloma, and benign but destabilizing bone tumors. The injection of PMMA into the C2 vertebral body using the transoral technique has been reported in three separate patients for treatment of benign tumors (a vertebral hemangioma and an aneurysmal bone cyst) and for multiple myeloma in the third patient. Although the injection of PMMA into the vertebral body is most commonly performed to treat benign vertebral compression fractures, a transoral C2 approach has not been reported in the English literature as a treatment for a benign fracture of C2. We report the treatment of a fracture and nonunion of the base of the dens and a subarticular fracture of the vertebral body of C2 using a bilateral transoral approach.

Aged, 80 and over↗

PubMed2006

Technical strategies and anatomic considerations for parapedicular access to thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodies.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate and illustrate a variation on the traditional percutaneous access to the vertebral body via a parapedicular approach. DESIGN: An effective parapedicular access technique that could safely and reliably guide the needle tip into the center of the vertebral body was developed from cadaver dissection observations for the purpose of clinical use. PATIENTS: A total of 102 vertebral compression fractures from T-4 to L-5 were treated via the parapedicular access at our institution between July 2005 and March 2006. There were 72 patients between the ages of 17 and 96 years (mean age: 68.2 years) who underwent treatment. RESULTS: The cadaver dissection revealed a relatively avascular and aneural portion of the vertebral body along the superior margin of the vertebral body-pedicle junction. A total 102 vertebral fractures were treated using the parapedicular access technique without any recognized clinical complications from the needle access or the instrumentation. CONCLUSIONS: The thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodies may be safely, reliably, and reproducibly accessed using a percutaneous parapedicular access technique. The technique presented represents a relatively avascular and aneural approach to vertebral body.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Clinical examination of the athletic hip.

This article provides a succinct and complete method for the clinical evaluation of the hip. Included are descriptions of examination tests as well as their relationships to possible pathology of the hip. The examination is divided into five stages: seated, standing, supine, lateral, and prone; with a total of 11 assessment points. The method for evaluation outlined will assist physicians in determining the location and etiology of presenting hip pathologies. As with any examination, practice and repetition are essential to gain an appreciation of what constitutes a normal as well as an abnormal examination.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Neuromuscular hip biomechanics and pathology in the athlete.

Although hip arthroscopic techniques have been developed and evolved over the last 5 to 10 years to help active athletes, the mechanisms of athletic hip injuries across various sports are not well understood. The purpose of this article is to review the literature related to the osseous and ligamentous support as well as the neuromuscular control strategies associated with hip joint mechanics. The neuromuscular contributions to hip stability and mobility with respect to gait will be provided because this data represents the largest body of knowledge regarding hip function. Further, this article will present and describe probable mechanisms of injury in sporting activities most often associated with hip injury in the young athlete.

Athletic Injuries↗

PubMed2006

Postoperative imaging of the hip.

The number and type of operative procedures involving the hip continue to increase, placing a greater emphasis on characterizing patient postoperative condition accurately. Optimal postoperative imaging evaluation may involve multiple modalities, including conventional radiography, radionuclide scintigraphy, and cross-sectional imaging. Many of the surgical procedures involve the placement of metallic joint replacements or fixation that can make the imaging evaluation of the postoperative anatomy challenging. Clinical examination of patients combined with the type of procedure performed direct the appropriate imaging evaluation; adequate clinical knowledge of these procedures and how to optimally image them provide an opportunity to attain the most accurate evaluation possible.

Arthrography↗

PubMed2006

Magnetic resonance imaging of the rotator cuff interval.

The rotator cuff interval (RCI) is an important and anatomically complex region of the rotator cuff that is critically important to normal glenohumeral function. Recognition of common pathologies in this region on imaging examinations is especially important as injuries may be difficult to detect on clinical examination and even at arthroscopy. Familiarity with the magnetic resonance imaging appearance of the normal and abnormal RCI and the ability to convey findings to orthopedic and sports medicine referrers are essential to facilitate prompt creation of effective treatment plans.

Humans↗

PubMed2005

Imaging findings of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome.

Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI) is a pathologic entity which can lead to chronic symptoms of pain, reduced range of motion in flexion and internal rotation, and has been shown to correlate with degenerative arthritis of the hip. History, physical examination, and supportive radiographic findings such as evidence of articular cartilage damage, acetabular labral tearing, and early-onset degenerative changes can help physicians diagnose this entity. Several pathologic changes of the femur and acetabulum are known to predispose patients to develop FAI and recognition of these findings can ultimately lead to therapeutic interventions. The two basic mechanisms of impingement-cam impingement and pincer impingement-are based on the type of anatomic anomaly contributing to the impingement process. These changes can be found on conventional radiography, MR imaging, and CT examinations. However, the radiographic findings of this entity are not widely discussed and recognized by physicians. In this paper, we will introduce these risk factors, the proposed supportive imaging criteria, and the ultimate interventions that can help alleviate patients' symptoms.

Acetabulum↗