Biomedical subjects

Hans Strenge

Publications and source records attributed to Hans Strenge.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Effects of regular switching between languages during random number generation.

Random number generation is a task that engages working memory and executive processes within the domain of number representation. In the present study we address the role of language in number processing by switching languages during random number generation (numbers 1-9), using German (L1) and English (L2), and alternating L1/L2. Results indicate large correspondence between performance in L1 and L2. In contrast to nonswitching performance, randomization with alternating languages showed a significant increase of omitted responses, whereas the random sequences were less stereotyped, showing significantly less repetition avoidance and cycling behavior. During an intentional switch between languages, errors in language sequence appeared in 23% of responses on the average, independently of the quality of randomization but associated with a clear persistence of L2. These results indicate that random number generation is more closely linked to auditory-phonological representation of numerals than to visual arabic notation.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Random number generation in native and foreign languages.

The effects of different levels of language proficiency on random number generation were examined in this study. 16 healthy right-handed students (7 women, 9 men; aged 22 to 25 years, M=23.8, SD=.83) attempted to generate a random sequence of the digits 1 to 9 at pacing frequencies of 1, 1.5, and 2 Hz. Randomization was done in German (native language L1), English (first foreign language L2), and French (second foreign language L3). There was a pattern of redundancy and seriation tendencies, increasing with speed of generation for all languages (L1-L3). While using L2 and L3, responses slowed and the number of errors committed increased. Further, there was a peculiar pattern of dissociation in nonrandom performance with an increase of habitual counting in ones and a strong reduction of counting in twos. All effects were most pronounced when subjects used L3 and 2-Hz pacing rates. Slowing and nonrandomness was not correlated with self-assessment parameters regarding language proficiency. We suggest that in a task involving number activation in a nonnative language, lack of proficiency will interfere with random number generation, leading to interruptions and rule breaking, at least when reaching the limits of attentional capacity at higher pacing rates.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Morning headaches in patients with sleep disorders: a systematic polysomnographic study.

OBJECTIVES: Patients with sleep disorders suffer more often from headache after awakening than healthy subjects. However, it still is a matter of controversy whether this applies only to patients with sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) or also to patients with other diagnoses of sleep disorders. METHODS: We asked all patients in our sleep laboratory about the frequency of past headaches and also ascertained the occurrence of morning headaches after awakening in the sleep laboratory. Polysomnographic recordings from nights before morning headache were compared with nights without following headache. Four hundred and thirty-two patients with sleep disorders (age range 18-86 years, 37% women) and 30 healthy subjects (age range 24-55 years, 27% women) participated in this prospective study. RESULTS: The reported frequency of past headaches and the frequency of morning headache in the sleep laboratory were significantly increased in patients with SAS and other sleep disorders compared with healthy subjects. The occurrence of morning headache in the sleep laboratory was associated polysomnographically with a decrease in total sleep time, sleep efficiency and amount of rapid eye movement sleep and with an increase in the wake-time during the preceding night. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that morning headaches in patients with sleep disorders might be associated with particular disturbances of the preceding night's sleep. We speculate that dysregulation in anatomically identical central regions modulating sleep and nociception might be relevant to morning headache, rather than one particular sleep disorder such as SAS.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Correlation between tests of attention and performance on grooved and Purdue pegboards in normal subjects.

This study investigated the relation between tests of manual dexterity and attentional functions with 49 normal, right-handed medical students (26 women, 23 men, ages 19-30 years) who were assessed with a Purdue Pegboard Test, Grooved Pegboard Test, and a Test for Attentional Performance, comprising measures of tonic and phasic alertness and divided attention. Weak to moderately high partial correlations controlling for finger size were obtained between pegboard test performance of the left hand and phasic alertness (r = .31-.50). Purdue Pegboard Assembly subtest scores were weakly correlated with divided attention (r = -.39). These findings suggest that attention is an important determinant of performance for manual dexterity tests of the nondominant hand.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in cortical dynamics in the preictal stage of a migraine attack.

Neurophysiologic studies suggest that migraineurs without aura have a dysfunction of cortical information processing in the pain-free interval. In this study, the advanced method of nonlinear multielectrode sleep-EEG analysis is used to investigate changes of cortical activity in the preictal time span. Five patients (four women, one man; age range, 29 to 58 years) experiencing migraine without aura participated in the study. The patients spent two blocks in the sleep laboratory. The first block was taken in a headache-free interictal time interval, and the second block when the onset of a migraine attack was most likely. After a nocturnal migraine attack, the patient was asked to mark the maximum of migraine pain in a surface-head scheme. The comparison of preictal and interictal EEGs enabled the authors to obtain a topographical view of changes in cortical dynamics. In each patient map, an area was found that displayed a pronounced focus indicating the region of maximum change in dimensional complexity. It shows a clearly recognizable correspondence with the scalp topography of the later pain perception. These findings indicate an association between cortical status and pain lateralization in the preictal time span.

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