Which species concept for pathogenic bacteria? An E-Debate.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
Haroun Shah
Publications and source records attributed to Haroun Shah.
New approaches to identification of bacterial pathogens by surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry in concert with artificial neural networks, with special reference to Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS) has been applied in large numbers of oncological studies but the microbiological field has not been extensively explored to date. This paper describes the application of SELDI-TOF MS in concert with a multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network (ANN) with a back propagation algorithm for the identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. N. gonorrhoeae, the aetiological agent of gonorrhoea, is the second most common sexually transmitted disease in the UK and USA. Analysis of over 350 strains of N. gonorrhoeae and closely related species by SELDI-TOF MS facilitated the design of an ANN model and revealed 20 ion peak descriptors of positive, negative and secondary nature that were paramount for the identification of the pathogen. The model performed with over 96 % efficiency when based on these 20 ion peak descriptors and exhibited a sensitivity of 95.7 % and a specificity of 97.1 %, with an area under the curve value of 0.996. The technology has the potential to link several ANN models for a comprehensive rapid identification platform for clinically important pathogens.
Bacteria↗
Gastrointestinal microflora studies in late-onset autism.
Some cases of late-onset (regressive) autism may involve abnormal flora because oral vancomycin, which is poorly absorbed, may lead to significant improvement in these children. Fecal flora of children with regressive autism was compared with that of control children, and clostridial counts were higher. The number of clostridial species found in the stools of children with autism was greater than in the stools of control children. Children with autism had 9 species of Clostridium not found in controls, whereas controls yielded only 3 species not found in children with autism. In all, there were 25 different clostridial species found. In gastric and duodenal specimens, the most striking finding was total absence of non-spore-forming anaerobes and microaerophilic bacteria from control children and significant numbers of such bacteria from children with autism. These studies demonstrate significant alterations in the upper and lower intestinal flora of children with late-onset autism and may provide insights into the nature of this disorder.
Age of Onset↗