Biomedical subjects

Helen M Berschneider

Publications and source records attributed to Helen M Berschneider.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2002

Alternative diets.

As pet owners become more conscious of their own diets and the impact it has on their health, they naturally become more interested in what their animal companions are eating and how that might be affecting their pet's health. Many are exploring alternatives to standard commercial pet foods, and some are asking their veterinarians for advice. Small-animal nutrition is an ever-changing field. What veterinarians were taught 10 years ago may no longer be sound advice. This article explores some of the reasoning behind the development of both conventional commercial pet foods and the alternative foods and diets. It questions some of the conventional dogma as well as some of the trendy assumptions in the current marketplace. The intent is to provide the veterinarian with some balanced information on which to base nutritional advice to clients, and to begin forming new opinions or at least asking new questions. Guidelines on formulating a homemade diet for dogs are included.

Animal Feed↗

PubMed2002

Complementary and alternative veterinary medicine and gastrointestinal disease.

Gastrointestinal, hepatic, and pancreatic diseases provide a significant challenge to the veterinary practitioner. Specific causes and effective therapies can be elusive and sometimes frustrate both the animal caretaker and the veterinarian. The therapeutic options of a conventional veterinary practice are frequently limited and may come down to a decision of which is worse: the disease or the side effects of the treatment. This article provides information for the veterinary practitioner to consider for expanding his/her options. Acupuncture, herbal remedies, and homeopathy are not newly discovered modalities. They are old practices that are getting a fresh look from Western medicine as we seek new ways to better serve our patients and clients. The goal of this article is to provide the reader with many ideas and sufficient solid information to consider the use of these options. Specific therapies are suggested for numerous gastrointestinal and liver problems. Many of these may be used in conjunction with conventional therapies to aid in the healing process.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Regulation of triacylglycerol and phospholipid trafficking by fatty acids in newborn swine enterocytes.

We (Wang H, Berschneider HM, Du J, and Black DD. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 272: G935-G942, 1997; Wang H, Lu S, Du J, Yao Y, Berschneider HM, and Black DD. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 280: G1137-G1144, 2001) previously showed that different fatty acids influence synthesis and secretion of triacylglycerol (TG) and phospholipid (PL) in a newborn swine enterocyte cell line (IPEC-1). The most striking effects were produced by stearic acid (SA; 18:0), which modestly affected TG and PL synthesis but reduced TG and PL secretion, and by eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5), which reduced TG and PL synthesis and TG secretion relative to oleic acid (OA; 18:1). To define the mechanism of these effects, differentiated IPEC-1 cells were incubated for 24 h with OA, SA, or EPA and [(3)H]glycerol. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi (G) content of labeled lipids and apolipoprotein (apo) B and apoAI protein were measured. Relative to OA, SA did not impair ER TG synthesis, but reduced movement of labeled TG from ER to G. EPA impaired both ER TG synthesis and movement of labeled TG from ER to G. PL followed the same pattern, except ER synthesis of PL was relatively unaffected by EPA. Carbonate treatment demonstrated decreased partitioning of labeled lipid from ER membrane to lumen in EPA-treated cells. Organelle apoB and apoAI content demonstrated opposite patterns after SA and EPA incubation. We conclude that SA and EPA adversely influence immature enterocyte ER to G lipid trafficking, compared with OA. Furthermore, EPA inhibits ER lipid synthesis and transfer of membrane lipid to luminal particles. Regulation of apoAI ER to G trafficking is independent of that of apoB.

Animals↗