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Biomedical subjects

Henry Milgrom

Publications and source records attributed to Henry Milgrom.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Prevalence and correlates of household exposures to tobacco smoke and pets in children with asthma.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence rates of household smoking and ownership of a furred or feathered pet, the intercorrelation of these home environment measures, and their association with sociodemographic, family, and child asthma variables. STUDY DESIGN: Children with asthma (n = 152, aged 7-18 years) with asthma and their primary parent were evaluated through the use of reliable and valid questionnaires focusing on exposure to household smoke and furred or feathered pets as well as sociodemographic, family, and asthma variables. RESULTS: Prevalence of household smoking and pet ownership were high and comparable to normal levels in the US population. Smoking and pet ownership were not correlated with each other or with asthma medication adherence. Sociodemographic, family, and asthma variables showed distinct patterns of correlation with smoking and pet status. Household smoking was associated with poorer family resources and greater stress; pet ownership was associated with greater resources. CONCLUSIONS: Smoke exposure and pet ownership are not related to one another in children with asthma and will require independent counseling strategies because they relate in different and opposite ways to socioeconomic status.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Monitoring adherence to the therapy of asthma.

Acceptance of current treatment guidelines by physicians and adherence to the recommended clinical regimens by patients are essential for effective asthma therapy. Treatment plans must be based on up-to-date management guidelines and should comprise a strategy for the evaluation and support of patient adherence. Monitoring of adherence with electronic devices enables physicians to base clinical decisions on reliable and objective data. Assessment of prescribing quality should be used to improve treatment of all patients.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed2002

Attainments in atop: special aspects of allergy and IgE.

Positive skin tests or elevated levels of specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the serum define IgE sensitization or "atopy." The term "allergy" refers to the clinical expression of atopic IgE-mediated disease. Genetic predisposition and decreased infections in early childhood, together with exposure and sensitization to environmental allergens, fix the basis for the elevation of IgE in infancy. Elevated IgE shortly after birth is associated with later onset of allergic disorders. IgE participates both in the immediate hypersensitivity response and in the induction of chronic allergic inflammation. The allergic response is distinct from other immune reactions in its reliance on IgE, its high-affinity receptor FcepsilonRI, and the primary effector cell-the tissue mast cell. IgE initiates the process of allergic inflammation by binding to FcepsilonRI on inflammatory cells in the airways, the gut, and the skin. Cross-linking of the IgE molecules bound to FcepsilonRI on the surface of mast cells by allergen initiates the early-phase allergic reaction. IgE bound to FcepsilonRI sets off the release of inflammatory mediators, including histamine, leukotrienes and cytokines, and leads to eosinophilic infiltration and inflammation in the affected mucosa or skin. IgE, attached to the low-affinity receptor FcepsilonRII on activated B cells and antigen-presenting cells, enhances allergen capture and type 2 helper T (Th2) cell activation, and may trigger other immunoregulatory pathways. Considerable effort in therapeutic research has focused on interference with IgE function because of its position high in the allergic cascade. Therapy with anti-IgE is one such approach that shows much promise. Large clinical studies of anti-IgE in adults and children have documented its safety and effectiveness by demonstrating the reduction of free IgE in circulation, inhibition of both early- and late-phase allergic reactions, steroid sparing, and protection against exacerbation of asthma and allergic rhinitis.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗