Biomedical subjects

Henryk Tchórzewski

Publications and source records attributed to Henryk Tchórzewski.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Lipopolysaccharide-activated CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells inhibit neutrophil function and promote their apoptosis and death.

CD4+CD25+ T regulatory (Treg) cells play a central role in the suppression of immune response and prevention of autoimmune reactions. Pathogen recognition receptors expressed by immune cells, such as TLRs, may provide a critical link between the innate and adaptive immune systems. There is also evidence that TLR ligands can directly modulate the suppressive capacity of Treg cells. Here, we showed that CD4+CD25+ Treg cells affect neutrophil function and survival and that the TLR4 ligand is involved in the regulation of the cell interactions. We found that LPS-activated Treg cells inhibit reactive oxygen intermediates and cytokine production by neutrophils. Moreover, Treg cells reverse LPS-induced survival of neutrophils and promote their apoptosis and death. We also found that TCR-activated Treg cells induce the same effects on polymorphonuclear neutrophils as those achieved by TLR4 stimulation. Importantly, the suppressive potential of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells induced by LPS seems to be partially IL-10 and TGF-beta dependent, whereas anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation is rather contact dependent. Together, these observations suggest that Treg cells have the ability to directly regulate neutrophil function and life span when both types of the cells are exposed to LPS.

Apoptosis↗

PubMed2006

Interleukin 6 and 8 levels in plasma and fibroblast cultures in psoriasis.

Fibroblasts have been implicated in psoriatic inflammatory processes. The aim of the study was to evaluate soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interleukin 8 (IL-8) plasma levels in psoriatic patients and IL-6 and IL-8 levels in fibroblast culture supernatants. Cytokines levels in plasma and supernatants were measured by ELISA. Plasma sIL-2R, IL-6, and IL-8 levels were higher before the treatment in comparison to healthy controls (P < 0.001) and decreased after treatment. Fibroblasts from healthy controls, psoriatic lesional skin, and noninvolved psoriatic skin, when stimulated with tumor necrosis factor alpha, released considerable amounts of IL-6 and IL-8. No significant difference between healthy controls and psoriatic fibroblasts was observed. Monitoring plasma sIL-2R levels could be employed as a reliable method of psoriasis activity. IL-8 and IL-6 plasma levels seem to reflect psoriasis activity, and treatment response, respectively. Fibroblasts are not a major source of increased IL-6 and IL-8 production in psoriasis.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Does the hearing loss affect the child's innate immunity?--preliminary].

UNLABELLED: Human neutrophiles play a crucial role in inmate immunity. Inmate and aquired immune response depend on their functional condition at the first stage of an inflammation process. Reactive forms of oxygen (RFO) produced by neutrophiles play a significant role in the eradication of pathogens as well as in the regulation of immune response. The aim of this study is question, does the hearing loss affect the inmate immunity? METHOD: The RFO production was directly examined in four systems - without stimulation, after stimulation with fMLP, opsonized zymosan or PMA. Direct RFO measurement was performed chemiluminescency evaluation using the whole blood, which indirectly depend on RFO production. RESULT: In the group of children with hearing loss was observed disturbances in RFO productions. CONCLUSION: This observation is very original and important for general practice.

Hearing Disorders↗

PubMed2006

[Inflammation is a key effector phase in immune reactions].

Inflammation is key element in effector phase of all immune processes and create a cascade system of specific enzyme functions regulated in autocrine way. Humoral antigen-antibody reaction activate the complement system which is responsible for secondary mediatots generation and tissues destruction. Liberated mediators like kinins, leukotriens inflammatory cytokines and activated cell bound metalloproteases in tissues and blood vessels are responsible for oedema of tissues, pain, cell destruction and organ dysfunction. Induction of T cell dependent inflammatory reaction involve antigen dependent activation of T cells which usually is delayed and long lasting. The immune reactions responsible for specific activation induce inflammation.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

[Biological action and clinical application of shark liver oil].

Fish oils contain several active compounds that modify cell activity and influence various functions of the body. Shark liver oils are rich in alkylglycerols and squalene, but contain relatively low amounts of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Alkylglycerols may control immune response possibly throw modification of platelet activating factor (PAF) and diacylglycerol (DAG) production. Squalene enhances antigen presentation and induction of inflammatory response. Moreover, alkylglycerols and squalene have antitumour activity, that is possibly based on different mechanisms, ie., induction of apoptosis of neoplastic cells, suppression of signal transduction, inhibition of angiogenesis and promoting of transmembrane transport of cytotoxic agents. Shark liver oil has been found to be useful in treatment of conditions resulted from inadequate immune response, and in adjunctive treatment of several types of cancer.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Influence of systemic photochemotherapy on regulatory T cells and selected cytokine production in psoriatic patients: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of the skin with strong genetic and environmental risk factors and is regarded as a Th1 cell-type disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of one-month PUVA (Psoralen Ultraviolet A) therapy on a regulatory T-cell subpopulation (CD4+CD25+) and the production of some cytokines. MATERIAL/METHODS: The study was performed on the group of 12 patients with severe psoriasis. They were put on PUVA therapy for one month. We analyzed the level of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells using a FACSCalibur cytometer and CellQuest Software. The production of IFN-gamma (interferon-gamma), TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha), IL (interleukin) -10, IL-5, IL-4, and IL-2 by lymphocytes was estimated by using a CBA system. The control group consisted of 11 healthy volunteers. RESULTS: We found that the production of INF-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-2, and IL-10 in psoriatic patients before PUVA application increased significantly compared with the control group. In patients after PUVA therapy we observed decreased production of TNF-alpha and a decreased number of CD4+CD25+ cells in the blood compared with the same group of patients before the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that systemic PUVA therapy led to a marked reduction in CD4+CD25+ T cells and a change in cytokine production.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Flow cytometric evaluation of human neutrophil apoptosis during nitric oxide generation in vitro: the role of exogenous antioxidants.

Among numerous inflammatory mediators a nitric oxide molecule is supposed to be important in the modulation of neutrophil survival in vivo and in vitro. The effect of exogenous supply of NO donors such as SNP, SIN-1, and GEA-3162 on the course of human neutrophil apoptosis and the role of extracellular antioxidants in this process was investigated. Isolated from peripheral blood, neutrophils were cultured in the presence or absence of NO donor compounds and antioxidants for 8, 12, and 20 hours. Apoptosis of neutrophils was determined in vitro by flow cytometric analysis of cellular DNA content and Annexin V protein binding to the cell surface. Exposure of human neutrophils to GEA-3162 and SIN-1 significantly accelerates and enhances their apoptosis in vitro in a time-dependent fashion. In the presence of SNP, intensification of apoptosis has not been revealed until 12 hours after the culture. The inhibition of GEA-3162- and SIN-1-mediated neutrophil apoptosis by superoxide dismutase (SOD) but not by catalase (CAT) was observed. Our results show that SOD and CAT can protect neutrophils against NO-donors-induced apoptosis and suggest that the interaction of NO and oxygen metabolites signals may determine the destructive or protective role of NO donor compounds during apoptotic neutrophil death.

Antioxidants↗

PubMed2005

Cytokines locally produced by lymphocytes removed from the hypertrophic nasopharyngeal and palatine tonsils.

OBJECTIVE: Human palatine tonsils and the nasopharyngheal tonsil are the largest components of the Waldeyer's ring. Subepithelial and intraepithelial lymphocytes of human adenoids and tonsils are responsible for the local and the systemic immune response. We studied the cytokine production by lymphoid cells isolated from 16 nasopharyngeal tonsils (adenoid) and 9 palatine tonsils surgically removed by from 25 children (aged from 4 to 15 years) suffering from tonsil hypertrophy. METHODS: We evaluated (by the cytometry method, using BD Bioscience kits, San Diego, CA) the concentration of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, TNF(alpha) and IFN(gamma) released from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MC) (activated or not activated by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)) cultured in vitro during 72 h. The fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis was also performed and the percentage of mononuclear cells (unstimulated or activated by phorbol acetate during 24 h) stained with the monoclonal antibodies anti-CD3 containing the intracellular cytokines was calculated. RESULTS: The increased secretion of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, TNF(alpha) and IFN(gamma) from PHA activated palatine origin immune cell cultures, as compared to adenoids, was revealed. The higher mobilization (Delta%) of CD3+ T-lymphocytes containing IL-12 in palatine cell cultures (798.5+/-276.29%), in comparison with to the adenoids (298.5+/-49.16%; p< or =0.05), was also noted. CONCLUSION: In palatine tonsils, as compared to adenoids, the cellular immune (Th1) response dominates over humoral immune (Th2) reaction.

Adenoidectomy↗

PubMed2005

Epidermal growth factor enhances TNF-alpha-induced priming of human neutrophils.

The intensity of neutrophil inflammatory response could be rapidly amplified by priming with pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-alpha, GM-CSF or LPS at low concentrations prior to stimuli. We proposed that epidermal growth factor (EGF) increases TNF-alpha-induced priming of human neutrophils. This study showed that EGF enhanced TNF-alpha-induced activation of neutrophils functions. The addition of EGF to neutrophils cultured with TNF-alpha resulted in increased respiratory burst and phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and up-regulation of adhesion molecule CD11b. Moreover, EGF enhanced IL-8 production by TNF-alpha-primed PMN. EGF alone was able to prime CD11b expression and IL-8 production by PMN. EGF receptor selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin AG-1517, blocked the effect of priming with EGF, whereas the status of non-primed and TNF-alpha-primed neutrophils remained unaffected. EGFR expression on neutrophils was confirmed by flow cytometry and CELISA methods. These data provide the original evidence that EGF significantly enhances TNF-alpha-induced priming of human neutrophils acting through EGFR tyrosine kinase pathway. The observed effect may be a result of co-operative action of EGF, TNF-alpha and reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI).

CD11b Antigen↗

PubMed2005

Predominance of Type 1 cytokines and decreased number of CD4(+)CD25(+high) T regulatory cells in peripheral blood of patients with recurrent aphthous ulcerations.

Recurrent aphthous ulcerations (RAU) are a chronic inflammatory disease with evidence of inappropriate immune response. Previous studies have suggested cell-mediated activation of immune response towards common micro-organisms of oral cavity in RAU. In this investigation, we explored cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and T regulatory cell population in blood of active and remission RAU patients as crucial factors for maintenance of peripheral tolerance. Ten patients with minor RAU and 12 healthy individuals were selected for the study. Cytokine levels were analysed in supernatants using Cytometric Bead Array Kit for flow cytometry and ELISA. We have demonstrated increased production of Type 1 cytokines IL-2, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha as well as IL-5, IL-6 and IL-8 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in RAU. In contrast, IL-10 and TGF-beta anti-inflammatory cytokine production was decreased in RAU patients compared to healthy individuals. Moreover, we have found that CD4(+)CD25(+high) T regulatory cell proportion was decreased in RAU and represented 3.58+/-0.654% of CD4(+) T cells in active RAU, 4.66+/-0.561% of CD4(+) T cells in remission RAU, whereas in healthy controls CD4(+)CD25(+high) T cells represented 7.30+/-1.238% of CD4(+) T cells (p<0.001). Thus, the obtained results indicate that disproportion in cytokine production may be contributing factor in the pathogenesis of RAU. Alteration in the number of CD4(+)CD25(+high) T regulatory cells in RAU may additionally influence the development of the disease. We propose that imbalance in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine network may lead to the breakdown of peripheral tolerance in RAU and the excessive immune response towards harmless micro-organisms colonized oral mucosa or self-antigens.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

The involvement of immunoregulatory T cells in the pathogenesis of lichen sclerosus.

BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of lichen sclerosus (LS) and the mechanism of involution of LS-affected tissues is controversial. Autoimmune factors are proposed as a cause of disease. The involvement of autoimmune T lymphocytes in the disease development and progression is considered. MATERIAL/METHODS: The investigation included 41 woman divided into two groups: a study group and controls. In the study group were 22 vulvular LS patients. Nineteen healthy woman underwent plastic surgery of the same area and served as controls. We analyzed reactive oxygen intermediate (ROI) production by peripheral blood granulocytes, the production of IL-2, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-alpha cytokines by lymphocytes, and the activation of CD25, CD26, CD69, CD71, and HLA DR antigen expression. RESULTS: An increase in CD4+CD25+ suppressor T cells together with a decrease in CD3+CD26+ activated lymphocytes paralleled an increase in IL-10 production by peripheral blood lymphocytes of the lichen sclerosus patients. Diminished ROI production by peripheral blood granulocytes of LS patients was observed after both receptor-dependent and -independent stimulation. Baseline increase in IL-12 and stimulated increases in IL-2, IL-5, IL-10, and TNF-alpha production by lymphocytes of LS patients were also observed. CONCLUSIONS: The involution of lichen sclerosus-affected tissues may be the suppressive effect exerted by CD4+CD25+ suppressor T lymphocytes, the increase in IL-10 inhibitory cytokine production, and diminished granulocyte ROI production. Inflammatory infiltrates in the affected regions of the skin are characterized by a diminished number of CD3 lymphocytes bearing the CD26 molecule, which may be responsible for an autocrine defect in bioactive mediator degradation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

[CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells: their physiology and role in modulating immune response].

Understanding the role of immune system homeostatic balance is crucial for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of many diseases. The efficient regulation of immune response has been recently investigated in numerous studies that emphasize the important role of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. These regulatory cells suppress the proliferation and cytokine secretion of effector cells directly via cell-cell contact and probably indirectly via TGF-beta. This makes T regulatory cells responsible for the control and suppression of inappropriate immune response to self antigens. Moreover, CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells have an important function in the immunopathology of cancer, allotransplantion, and allergy. Based on murine and human studies, this review presents a characterization of the origin, phenotype, and function of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. In addition, we show a hypothetical mode of the in vivo action of regulatory T cells, which play a central role in maintaining immune homeostasis.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells in pathophysiology and therapy of immunologic diseases].

Naturally arising CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells actively maintain immunological tolerance to self and non-self antigens. Treg cells inhibit proliferative response and cytokine production by effector cells, basically via cell-cell contact. Deficiency or dysfunction in these cells may result in autoimmune diseases. Treg cells may also influence the outcome of infection, cancer, transplantation, allergy, and even some forms of infertility. Enhancement or blockade of natural Treg cells may represent a therapeutic approach to many immunopathologies. However, Treg cells act like a 'double-edged sword', which is why all therapeutic manipulation of these cells on humans should be done with great caution.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Effect of high doses of shark liver oil supplementation on T cell polarization and peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cell function].

Fish oils supplementation has been recently widely used in prevention and treatment of the diseases in humans. Fish oil beneficial effects have been investigated in a number of animal disease models as well as human studies. Here, we examined clinical, immunological and biochemical effects of shark liver oil supplementation in high doses in 13 volunteers. The experiment was based on the consumption of 3.6 g of squalene, 3.6 g of alkylglycerols and 750 mg of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) per day for 4 weeks. We have shown the increased response of neutrophils towards bacteria, the increased level of C4 component of complement in blood, the rise of total antioxidant status of serum, and the predominance of Type I cytokine IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-2 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells after shark liver oil intake. Moreover, shark liver oil supplementation markedly affect lipid metabolism and cholesterol balance. The increase of total cholesterol level from 182.92 +/- 29.290 mg/dl before oil consumption to 224.46 +/- 62.198 mg/dl after diet rich in oil, and the decrease of HDL fraction were noted. However, metabolism of lipids normalised spontaneously after the end of the experiment in all the individuals. The results of the present study have shown, that the main effects of shark liver oil are the result of the biological activity of squalene and 1-O-alkylglycerols, which dominate in the composition of the oil quantitatively. On the contrary, anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 PUFA do not manifest, when taking together with high doses of squalene and alkylglycerols. On the bases of these observations, we propose that shark liver oil supplementation in high doses is beneficial in bacterial, viral and fungal infections, whereas patients with atherosclerosis or autoimmune diseases should avoid the consumption of high amounts of shark liver oil.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Perspectives of endometriosis treatment].

In recent years a dynamic development of research on endometriosis has been observed. Complex and not definitively recognized etiopathogenesis, impedes diagnostic progress and effective treatment. Frequent incidence of endometriosis in reproductive age and high percentage of the illness in the group of patients with infertility, both determine the importance of that issue. The article below presents the latest lines of research on efficient therapeutical scheme, covering reproductive abilities. Attempts of implementation of aromatase inhibitors, selective estrogen receptor modulators, immunomodulators and antiinflammatory agents have been described. Considering groups of medicines mentioned in the article, the outcome of examination using aromatase inhibitors, immunomodulators mainly IL-2, INF-alpha-2b, as well as antiinflammatory agents--recombinant human TNF binding protein-1, seem to be most encouraging. Part of the survey was conducted on animal models therefore it requires verification of usefulness and effectiveness on people. The results are very promising, they set the trend of future research aimed at application of modern and efficient treatment of endometriosis.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗

PubMed2004

[Oxidative potential of neutrophils in cyclosporine A treated children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome].

UNLABELLED: Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a potent immunosuppressant introduced to the treatment of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in children. Besides beneficial effects on the clinical course of the disease, this drug may also influence the function of first line defence cells. The aim of the study was to assess the granulocyte generation of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) in children suffering from idiopathic nephrotic syndrome treated with cyclosporine A. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 10 children (aged 4-18 yrs.) in at least 2 month-long remission of steroid-dependent INS treated with CsA (group A), 16 children in long-term remission (at least 18 months without treatment) of INS (group B). Twelve healthy age-matched children (group C) constituted control group. ROI generation was measured by the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of whole blood using MLX Microtiter Plate Luminometer, Dynex. The following parameters were evaluated: spontaneous chemiluminescence, chemiluminescence induced by formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP), opsonized zymosan (OZ) and phorbol acetate (PMA). RESULTS: The primary results were corrected according to the absolute number of neutrophils and hemoglobin concentration. Final results were presented as relative luminescence units RLUmax (Relative Light Units Max). In children treated with CsA we found significantly increased spontaneous, fLMP and OZ stimulated chemiluminescence activity compared to patients from group C. Chemiluminescence tests conducted in the long-term remission of INS gave similar results with respect to neutrophil reactivity. CONCLUSION. The neutrophil function measured by spontaneous and receptor-dependent oxidative burst in children with either cyclosporine-induced or long-term treatment-free remission seems to be upregulated. The potential clinical implications of these observations remain to be established.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[Serum total antioxidative capacity in patients with essential hypertension].

UNLABELLED: Development of vascular changes in the course of essential hypertension (EH) is associated with, among others, the decrease of the organism antioxidative barrier. The aim of the study was to assess serum total antioxidative capacity (TAC) in patients with EH. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Investigations were performed in 109 subjects allotted into 4 groups: I--31 patients with EH with no complications; II--33 patients with EH with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH); III--33 patients with EH and ischaemic heart disease with or without LVH, and IV--12 healthy subjects. Age and sex of the investigated subjects were similar. TAC assessment was carried out with colorimetric method based on the reduction of cation-radical ABTS. Statistically significant decrease of TAC was observed in all the investigated groups of patients with EH as compared to the healthy subjects. The lowest TAC values were found in group I (statistically significant differences as compared to group II and III), whereas TAC values did not differ significantly between groups II and III. The highest observed TAC decrease in patients with EH with no complications suggest that intensified adrenergic stimulation in the initial stage of EH plays an important role in the development of oxidative stress.

Antioxidants↗

PubMed2003

Lymphocyte subset distribution and cytokine secretion in third trimester decidua in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia.

BACKGROUND: Excessive Th1 activity in peripheral blood plays a probable role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The aim of the study was to investigate whether disturbed local immune reactions are also present in decidua. METHODS: Flow cytometric analysis of CD3, CD19, CD56/CD16, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD29, CD4/CD45RA, CD4/CD45RO, CD8/CD28, CD3/CD69 lymphocyte subsets isolated from third trimester decidua of pregnants with preeclampsia (n=21) and pregnant controls (n=11) subjected to elective caesarean sections. Spontaneous and phytohemaglutynine stimulated "in vitro" secretion of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-gamma and TGF-beta by decidual lymphocytes was studied by ELISA. For the statistical significance of differences between the groups the U Mann-Whitney test was performed (confidence interval P<0.05). RESULTS: Preeclamptic patients were characterized with an increased percentage of the CD3-/CD56+CD16+, CD8+/CD28+ and decreased percentage of CD3+, CD19+, CD4+/CD45RA+ lymphocytes. The profile of secreted cytokines shifts in favor of Th1 activity (extremely high IFN-gamma and low IL-6 and IL-10 secretion). Decidual IL-12 secretion in preeclamptic patients is decreased compared to controls. CONCLUSION: Changes in NK and T lymphocyte subsets followed with Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma over-activity, could affect local immunoregulatory mechanisms in third trimester decidua of preeclamptic patients.

Antigens, CD↗