Biomedical subjects

Herbert Hoijtink

Publications and source records attributed to Herbert Hoijtink.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Inequality constrained analysis of variance: a Bayesian approach.

Researchers often have one or more theories or expectations with respect to the outcome of their empirical research. When researchers talk about the expected relations between variables if a certain theory is correct, their statements are often in terms of one or more parameters expected to be larger or smaller than one or more other parameters. Stated otherwise, their statements are often formulated using inequality constraints. In this article, a Bayesian approach to evaluate analysis of variance or analysis of covariance models with inequality constraints on the (adjusted) means is presented. This evaluation contains two issues: estimation of the parameters given the restrictions using the Gibbs sampler and model selection using Bayes factors in the case of competing theories. The article concludes with two illustrations: a one-way analysis of covariance and an analysis of a three-way table of ordered means.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed2005

Bayesian eggs and Bayesian omelettes: reply to Stern (2005).

In this response to Stern's (2005) discussion of Klugkist, Laudy, and Hoijtink (2005), model inference based on posterior probabilities on the parameter space is discussed. Furthermore, the authors respond to Stern's example in which all possible orderings are included via a short discussion of exploratory versus theory-based modeling. Finally, the authors show that the Bayesian approach is flexible and can deal with many types of constraints. This is illustrated using a model with constraints on the differences between means.

Bayes Theorem↗

PubMed2003

Reliability and validity of the Dutch version of the inventory of traumatic grief (ITG).

The psychometric properties of the Dutch version of the Inventory of Traumatic Grief (ITG) were investigated in two studies with bereaved adults who had suffered the loss of a first-degree relative. In Study 1, exploratory factor analysis indicated that the items of the ITG clustered together into one underlying factor. In addition, the internal consistency of the ITG and its short-term temporal stability were found to be high. In Study 2 it was found that the ITG exhibited adequate discriminative, concurrent, and construct validity. Furthermore, an ITG cutoff score for a diagnosis of traumatic grief was determined, with a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 76%, providing evidence in favor of the predictive validity of the ITG.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Discriminative validity of the Dutch Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the discriminative validity of the Dutch Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) to differentiate functional status between children with and without disabilities. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: A university children's hospital in the Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS: A clinical sample comprising 197 children with disabilities (infantile encephalopathy, n=40; juvenile idiopathic arthritis, n=20; neurometabolic conditions, n=36; neuromuscular disorders, n=9; skeletal disorders, n=28; spina bifida, n=41; traumatic injury, n=23), and 62 children without disabilities. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Functional status was measured by using a Dutch version of the PEDI. RESULTS: Discriminant analysis established the sensitivity and specificity of the PEDI. Correct predictions of group membership (disabled vs nondisabled) were found in both children without disabilities (93.5% correctly predicted) and children with disabling conditions (91.6% correctly predicted). CONCLUSION: The discriminative validity of the Dutch PEDI between children with and without disabilities was excellent.

Activities of Daily Living↗