Filling root canals in three dimensions. 1967.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Gutta-Percha↗
Biomedical subjects
Herbert Schilder
Publications and source records attributed to Herbert Schilder.
Endotoxin content in endodontically involved teeth. 1975.
Fluid was aspirated from the root canals of 40 endodontically involved teeth. This fluid was assayed for endotoxin with the limulus lysate test. Pulpless teeth contained greater concentrations of endotoxin than those with vital pulps. Symptomatic teeth also contained more endotoxin than asymptomatic teeth.
Body Fluids↗
An optimal host response to a bacterium may require the interaction of leukocytes and resident host cells.
Bacterial infection results in inflammatory responses that may lead to soft-tissue damage and bone resorption. However, the mechanisms by which different bacteria contribute to lesions of endodontic origin are not fully understood. This study examined the response to Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas endodontalis in two cell types that are involved in periapical pathology, mononuclear and osteoblastic cells. This was accomplished by measuring the induction of chemokines (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-2) and proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, interferon-gamma). The results demonstrated that S. mutans more efficiently stimulate inflammatory cytokine production by mononuclear cells, whereas P. endodontalis is relatively more potent in activating osteoblastic cells. Moreover, optimal activation of osteoblastic cells by S. mutans requires soluble mediators produced by mononuclear cells, whereas P. endodontalis does not. These results suggest that the association of different bacteria with specific pathologic processes may be partially explained by their capacities to activate specific host cells.
3T3 Cells↗
Root canal anatomy illustrated by microcomputed tomography and clinical cases.
This study was designed to illustrate root anatomy by using microcomputed tomography and radiographs. Fresh human extracted teeth were selected randomly and prepared for scanning by a microscopic scanner. Each tooth was scanned at intervals of 0.9 degrees until it had been rotated 180 degrees. Data collected were used to generate cross-sectional images and three-dimensional tooth anatomy. Radiographs of completed endodontic cases that showed significant root canal anatomy also were collected and evaluated. Microcomputed tomographic scans showed that the main root canals branched out to finer branches and ended in multiple portals of exit. Intercommunication existed between the main and accessory canals. Apical exits of delta configuration were not common. Similar findings were evident in radiographs of the clinical cases. Both microcomputed tomographic scans and radiographs of completed clinical cases depicted similar complex root canal anatomy. This indicates that with an understanding of the anatomy, complex root canal systems can be cleaned, shaped, and obturated.
Anatomy, Cross-Sectional↗