PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Hideaki Kishimoto

Publications and source records attributed to Hideaki Kishimoto.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Change in the definition of osteoporosis especially on bone quality].

In recent years the term Bone Quality has been used with increasing frequency in the field of osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment. Bone quality is an umbrella term which describes a set of characteristics that influence bone strength. The strength of bone depends on its structure and material properties which are affected by bone remodeling and modeling. The structural property is determined by the size and shape of bone and also the microarchitecture. Material property can be determined by mineral crystallinity, collagen structure and micro-damage in bone. Osteoporosis is defined as a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength predisposing to an increased risk of fracture. Bone strength reflects the integration of two main features: bone density and bone quality.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed2005

[Antiresorptive therapy for osteoporosis and bone quality].

In high turnover osteoporosis antiresorptive therapy is effective in increasing the stiffness and the toughness (bone strength) by increasing the mean degree of mineralization of bone tissue through the prolongation of secondary mineralization. But the long-term use of antiresorber would result in highly mineralized bone and disturbed repair of microcracks by inhibition of bone remodeling. Intermittent use of antiresorber could be recommended to avoid the deterioration of bone quality.

Bone Remodeling↗
PubMed2004

Alendronate reduced vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal Japanese women with osteoporosis: a 3-year follow-up study.

The risk-reducing effect of alendronate on vertebral fractures has been consistently reported. In a 2-year, randomized, double-blind, active drug-controlled (1 microg alfacalcidol) double-dummy study, we also reported that alendronate (5.0 mg) had a fracture-reducing effect in Japanese patients with preexisting vertebral fractures. The present report describes the risk-reducing effect of alendronate (5.0 mg) for 3 years in postmenopausal osteoporotic patients. The 3-year treatment period consisted of the original 2-year double-blind study followed by a 1-year extension. A total of 170 postmenopausal female patients were involved in the third year; 90 received alendronate and 80 received alfacalcidol. Both efficacy and safety were analyzed in these 170 patients. Vertebral fracture was determined by quantitative morphometry, and vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by the DXA method (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry). The primary efficacy endpoint was the incidence of vertebral fracture, excluding fracture cases that occurred in the first 6 months after treatment initiation. The cumulative incidence of vertebral fracture at 3 years was 7.8% (7/90) in the alendronate group and 18.8% (15/80) in the alfacalcidol group, indicating a significantly reduced risk of fractures in the alendronate group (relative risk = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.18-0.97). Lumbar spine BMD increased by 9.2% in the alendronate group (n = 26) and by 1.4% in the alfacalcidol group (n = 22) at 3 years. The safety profile of alendronate during 3 years of treatment was similar to that of alfacalcidol. The present study thus demonstrated that treatment with alendronate 5.0 mg for 3 years increased vertebral BMD and reduced the risk of vertebral fractures in Japanese, postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

A comparison of incidences of vertebral fracture in Japanese patients with involutional osteoporosis treated with risedronate and etidronate: a randomized, double-masked trial.

To demonstrate the clinical benefit of risedronate at 2.5 mg daily in the treatment of involutional osteoporosis, the effect of risedronate on incidence of vertebral fracture was compared with that of etidronate. A total of 547 patients with one to four vertebral fractures were randomized to receive either treatment with 2.5 mg/day of risedronate or intermittent treatment (treatment of 2 weeks and off period of 10 weeks) with 200 mg/day of etidronate for 96 weeks in a double-masked fashion. All patients received 200 mg calcium supplement daily. Lateral and anteroposterior thoracic and lumbar spine radiographs were obtained at baseline and at 24, 48, 72, and 96 weeks. Cumulative incidence rates of patients who had at least one new or worsening vertebral fracture during the 96-week period were 12.3% for risedronate and 14.2% for etidronate, and it was verified that the fracture prevention effect of risedronate was not inferior to that of etidronate. The incidence rates of fracture during the initial 24-week period were 8.8% for risedronate and 6.0% for etidronate, but the cumulative incidence rate of fracture from 24 to 96 weeks was lower in the risedronate group (3.9%) as compared to the etidronate group (8.7%). Height loss was significantly less in the risedronate group (-0.28 cm) than in the etidronate group (-0.70 cm) after 96 weeks. Decreases in bone resorption markers including urinary total deoxypyridinoline and NTX were significantly greater in the risedronate group than in the etidronate group throughout the treatment period. An improvement of patient QOL was observed in both groups. No significant difference in the incidence of adverse events was observed between the two treatments. Daily oral risedronate (2.5 mg) was shown to provide an effective therapy for involutional osteoporosis in Japanese patients with good tolerability.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[CM-100].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Bone Density↗
PubMed2004

[Vitamin K and bone quality].

Dietary vitamin K intakes becomes reduced with aging. Low vitamin K intakes are associated with an increased incidence of hip fractures and an increase of under carboxylated osteocalcin in elderly men and women. The increase of under carboxylated osteocalcin is a risk factor for fractures in osteoporosis. Vitamin K2 treatment is effective for the prevention of fractures, but not for the increase of bone mineral density in osteoporosis. Vitamin K2 administration could be a potential treatment to improve the bone quality.

Aged↗