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Hiroshi Honda

Publications and source records attributed to Hiroshi Honda.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson syndrome following radiotherapy.

Erythema multiforme (EM) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) are thought to be hypersensitivity syndromes with various causes, and radiotherapy might be one of the causes of these syndromes. We herein report two cases of EM/SJS following radiotherapy. The first case was a 63-year-old woman with breast cancer. At the end of postoperative radiotherapy with 60 Gy, severe pruritic erythema appeared in the irradiated area and spread over the whole body. She was diagnosed with EM by a skin biopsy. The second case was a 77-year-old woman with uterine cervical cancer who underwent postoperative radiotherapy. At a dose of 30.6 Gy, pruritic redness appeared in the irradiated area and the precordial region, and it became widespread rapidly with polymorphic transformation. Although without any histological confirmation, SJS was strongly suspected because of her pruritic conjunctivitis. Because both patients were given medicines during irradiation, radiotherapy may not be the only cause of EM/SJS. However, it should be noted that radiotherapy might trigger EM/SJS.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Significance of mesenteric lymphadenopathy after pancreaticoduodenectomy for periampullary carcinomas: evaluation with serial MDCT studies.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the significance of mesenteric lymphadenopathy arising after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for periampullary carcinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Serial multidetector CT (MDCT) studies in 44 patients after PD for periampullary carcinomas (Group A) were retrospectively reviewed, the incidence and interval changes of mesenteric lymphadenopathy were evaluated, and comparisons were made with 21 patients who underwent PD for benign diseases (Group B). RESULTS: In Group A, mesenteric lymphadenopathy was seen in 31 of 44 (70.5%) patients. The short axis diameter of the largest lymph node ranged from 6.2 to 11.5mm (mean+/-S.D.: 8.6+/-1.4mm), and the short-axis-to-long-axis (S/L) ratio ranged from 0.46 to 0.99 (mean+/-S.D.: 0.69+/-0.12). Six of the 31 (19.4%) mesenteric lymphadenopathy cases showed interval increases in size on follow-up studies, and three cases showed new development of mesenteric lymphadenopathy: all of these nine cases had concurrent recurrence in the mesenteric root. In Group B, 11 (52.4%) had mesenteric lymphadenopathy. The short axis diameter of the largest lymph node ranged from 5.6 to 10.9mm (mean+/-S.D.: 8.0+/-1.9mm) and the S/L ratio ranged from 0.48 to 0.93 (mean+/-S.D.: 0.67+/-0.12). Differences in the incidence, short axis diameter and S/L ratio were not significant between Groups A and B (p=0.154, 0.271 and 0.654, respectively). CONCLUSION: Mesenetric lymphadenopathy after PD less likely reflects recurrence. Lymph node metastasis may be suggested only when coexisting recurrent mass is found in the proximal mesenteric root.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Detection of masses and microcalcifications of breast cancer on digital mammograms: comparison among hard-copy film, 3-megapixel liquid crystal display (LCD) monitors and 5-megapixel LCD monitors: an observer performance study.

The purpose of the study was to compare observer performance in the detection of masses and microcalcifications of breast cancer among hard-copy reading and soft-copy readings using 3-megapixel (3M) and 5-megapixel (5M) liquid crystal display (LCD) monitors. For the microcalcification detection test, we prepared 100 mammograms: 40 surgically verified cancer cases and 60 normal cases. For the mass detection test, we prepared 100 mammograms: 50 cancer cases and 50 normal cases. After six readers assessed both microcalcifications and masses set for each modality, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed. The average A(z)s for mass detection using a hard copy and 3M and 5M LCD monitors were 0.923, 0.927 and 0.920, respectively; there were no significant differences. The average A(z) for microcalcification detection using hard copy, 3M and 5M LCD monitors was 0.977, 0.954 and 0.972, respectively. There were no significant differences, but the P-values between the hard copy and 3M LCD monitor and that between the 3M and 5M LCD monitor were 0.08 and 0.09, respectively. In conclusion, the observer performances for detecting masses of breast cancers were comparable among the hard copy and two LCD monitors; however, soft-copy reading with a 3M LCD monitor showed slightly lower observer performance for detecting microcalcifications of breast cancers than hard-copy or 5M LCD monitor reading.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Phyllodes tumor of the breast: correlation between MR findings and histologic grade.

PURPOSE: To retrospectively evaluate the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings of phyllodes tumor of the breast and to compare these findings with the histologic grade. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained. The authors reviewed the MR findings in 30 female patients aged 16-73 years (mean, 40.2 years) with surgically confirmed phyllodes tumors. Analyzed MR findings included tumor shape, margin, internal enhancement, and size; signal intensity (SI) of tumor higher than that of normal breast tissue on T1-weighted images; SI of tumor lower than or equal to that of normal tissue on T2-weighted images; cyst wall appearance; kinetic curve assessment; and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). The MR findings and histologic grade were statistically analyzed to determine whether any correlations existed. Significant MR findings were compared with histopathologic findings. RESULTS: Nineteen benign, six intermediate (characterized by five to nine cell reproductions at 10 high-power fields, pushing or infiltrative margins, moderate stromal cellularity, and atypia and overgrowth), and five malignant phyllodes tumors were assessed. Irregular cyst wall (P = .003), tumor SI lower than or equal to normal tissue SI on T2-weighted images (P = .005), and low ADC (P = .001) correlated significantly with histologic grade. Tumor SI higher than normal tissue SI on T1-weighted images was more frequent in the malignant (in three of five tumors) and intermediate (in three of six tumors) groups than in the benign group (in two of 19 tumors); however, it was not a significant finding (P = .024). Tumor SI higher than normal tissue SI on T1-weighted images and irregular cyst wall corresponded histopathologically to hemorrhagic infarction and necrosis, respectively. Tumor SI lower than or equal to normal tissue SI on T2-weighted images and low ADC corresponded histopathologically to stromal hypercellularity. Other findings were not significant. CONCLUSION: Several MR findings can be used to help determine the histologic grade of phyllodes breast tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Long-term functional outcome of brachytherapy for carcinoma of the mobile tongue: focus on the atrophic change of irradiated tongue.

OBJECTIVE: To assess tongue atrophy and long-term functional outcome of mobile tongue cancer patients after interstitial radiotherapy. METHODS: Of 493 patients whose squamous cell carcinoma of the mobile tongue had been treated with low dose rate brachytherapy, there were 57 patients evaluated between July 2002 and April 2004 whose tongue had not been modified by surgical procedures and who had no primary recurrence. The median time from treatment to evaluation was 96 months (range: 9-214 months). Almost all of the patients belonged to the early stage tongue cancer (T1/T2/T3/T4=30:24:3:0), and all had received interstitial radiotherapy with a single-plane implant. To evaluate the deformity of the tongue, we used a grading system that classified the atrophic changes of the tongue into four categories (G0-G3). RESULTS: Thirty-nine patients (70%) showed mild tongue hemiatrophy (G1 or G2) in the irradiated side. However, no patients showed severe atrophy where the tongue cannot be made to protrude beyond the incisors (G3). The length of time after brachytherapy was >72 months and the age of the patients at brachytherapy had the same statistical significance (P=0.0366). As for functional outcome, understandability of speech and a normal diet were preserved for almost all patients. CONCLUSION: The progression of atrophic change in the irradiated tongue occurred over a long term after brachytherapy. However, most patients could maintain their activities of daily life without severe restriction.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2006

MR imaging features of pure mucinous carcinoma of the breast.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize MR imaging features of pure mucinous carcinoma of the breast. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images obtained from 16 women (age range, 29-81; mean age, 57 years) with pure mucinous carcinoma of the breast determined at surgery were reviewed. The MR findings used were shape, margin, internal mass enhancement, kinetic curve pattern on dynamic study, signal intensity on short time inversion recovery (STIR) T2-weighted images, and non-mass-like enhancement around the main tumor. Non-mass-like enhancement was compared with the presence of extensive intraductal component (EIC) on histopathological findings. RESULTS: Eleven tumors (69%) had lobular contour, and nine tumors (56%) had smooth margin. Eight tumors (50%) showed rim enhancement and six tumors (38%) showed heterogeneous enhancement. Fourteen tumors (88%) showed a persistent enhancing pattern on kinetic curve. Fifteen tumors exhibited homogenous strongly high signal intensity on STIR T2-weighted images. In six cases with EIC, five cases had non-mass-like enhancement around the main mass. CONCLUSIONS: MR findings such as lobular shape, rim or heterogeneous enhancement, persistent pattern on kinetic curve, and homogeneous strongly high signal intensity on STIR T2-weighted images may be useful in diagnosing pure mucinous carcinoma. Moreover, linear-ductal enhancement around main mass may indicate presence of EIC.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed2006

[Change in awareness of waste reduction as observed among female students attending a college of nursing].

We conducted a survey from 1999 to 2004 of female students attending a college of nursing, regarding their awareness of the municipal waste reduction policy as well as the problems caused by dioxins. The questionnaire survey showed that over the six years a majority of students supported a stricter waste-sorting policy. The students were willing to sort waste in more minute details. Only a handful of students was aware of the municipal government's waste-reduction campaign. Furthermore, the students' awareness regarding problems caused by dioxins was high, but decreased from 94.7% in 1999 to 76.5% in 2004, with more than 90.0% of the students recognizing that it is necessary to reduce the total amount of waste in order to decrease dioxin emission from incineration plants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Crucial roles of Sp1 and epigenetic modifications in the regulation of the CLDN4 promoter in ovarian cancer cells.

Claudins form a large family of tight junction proteins that have essential roles in the control of paracellular ion flux and the maintenance of cell polarity. Many studies have shown that several claudin family members are abnormally expressed in various cancers. In particular, CLDN4 (encoding claudin-4) is overexpressed in ovarian cancer. However, although CLDN4 overexpression is well established, the mechanisms responsible for this abnormal regulation remain unknown. In the present study, we delineate a small region of the CLDN4 promoter critical for its expression. This region contains two Sp1 sites, both of which are required for promoter activity. However, because of the ubiquitous expression of Sp1, these sites, although necessary, are not sufficient to explain the patterns of gene expression of CLDN4 in various ovarian tissues. We show that the CLDN4 promoter is further controlled by epigenetic modifications of the Sp1-containing critical promoter region. Cells that overexpress CLDN4 exhibit low DNA methylation and high histone H3 acetylation of the critical CLDN4 promoter region, and the reverse is observed in cells that do not express CLDN4. Moreover, the CLDN4-negative cells can be induced to express CLDN4 through treatment with demethylating and/or acetylating agents. Because CLDN4 is elevated in a large fraction of ovarian cancer, the mechanism leading to deregulation may represent a general pathway in ovarian tumorigenesis and may lead to novel strategies for therapy and an overall better understanding of the biology of this disease.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2006

Is glossectomy necessary for late nodal metastases without clinical local recurrence after initial brachytherapy for N0 tongue cancer? A retrospective experience in 111 patients who received salvage therapy for cervical failure.

PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy of neck dissection (ND) without glossectomy (GL) for late nodal metastases without local recurrence after brachytherapy for N0 tongue cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among 396 patients with N0 tongue cancer treated with brachytherapy, a retrospective analysis was performed in 111 patients who were clinically diagnosed as having nodal metastases without local recurrence and whose neck lymph nodes turned out to be pathologically positive after salvage surgery. One hundred and five patients had undergone only ND (the ND group), six patients had undergone ND with GL (the ND+GL group). RESULTS: The 5 year disease-free and cause-specific survival rates after salvage therapy for the 111 patients included in this study were 58.1 and 61.9%, respectively. In the ND group, there were only nine patients who had local recurrence after ND. In addition, only six patients (5.7%) had a local recurrence within 2 years in the ND group. Sixty-three patients were free of disease after ND, 31 patients had regional or distant metastases without local recurrence and two patients had progressive disease at ND. In the ND+GL group, four patients were alive without disease and two died from regional or distant metastases. None of the patients in the ND+GL group were found to have malignant tissue in the pathological findings from the excised tongue. CONCLUSION: GL should be avoided or suspended when the clinical evaluation had revealed cervical failure without apparent local recurrence in the mobile tongue cancer patients after initial brachytherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Papillary renal carcinoma: diagnostic approach by chemical shift gradient-echo and echo-planar MR imaging.

PURPOSE: To elucidate whether MRI can detect fat in interstitial histiocytes and hemosiderin (Hs) deposition (both of which are histological characteristics of papillary renal carcinoma (RCpap)) within RCpap. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Preoperative MR images of nine surgically confirmed RCpap and 57 clear cell renal carcinoma (RCcc) cases were retrospectively studied. Solid components of the lesions were evaluated. For fat detection, signal reduction on opposed-phase images of chemical shift MRI (CSI) was used. For Hs detection, signal reduction on echo-planar images or in-phase images of CSI was used. The prevalence of fat and Hs detection was compared between RCpap and RCcc. RESULTS: In five of nine RCpap (54%), and 38 of 57 RCcc (67%), the presence of fat within the tumor was suggested by CSI (P = 0.71). Hs deposition within tumors was suggested by either EPI or CSI in nine of nine RCpap (100%), and 28 of 57 RCcc (51%) (P = 0.0036). Hs in RCpap was observed without or apart from necrosis or hemorrhage, whereas Hs in RCcc was located predominantly around necrosis. CONCLUSION: Detecting intratumoral Hs by EPI or CSI, particularly that unrelated to necrosis or hemorrhage, may help differentiate RCpap from RCcc.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Evaluation of the image quality of temporal subtraction images produced automatically in a PACS environment.

The aim of the study is to evaluate the reliable production of temporal subtraction images in a picture archiving and communication system environment and to establish objective criteria for the evaluation of image quality. A total of 117 temporal subtraction chest images (55 in the upright position, 62 in the supine position) were obtained in five consecutive days. In all of these, we confirmed that there were no interval changes on the original images, and cases with diffuse lung disease were excluded. The temporal subtraction images were classified by three chest radiologists into five levels: 5, excellent; 4, good; 3, acceptable; 2, poor; and 1, very poor. The following were examined: (1) the yield of adequate quality of the temporal subtraction images; (2) whether the temporal subtraction images were obtained in the warping or nonwarping mode; and (3) the correlation of the overall subjective image quality with the relative shift angles, relative shift distances, and the standard deviation of gray levels in the temporal subtraction images. The percentages of acceptable temporal subtraction images were 100% and 66% in the upright and supine positions, respectively. Sixteen (26%) of the 62 supine-position images were made in nonwarping mode, whereas all upright images were made in warping mode. Significant correlations were obtained in the relative shift angle (P < 0.05), relative horizontal shift distance (P < 0.05), and standard deviation of gray levels (P < 0.0001). Temporal subtraction images with acceptable image quality were obtained in the upright position. The objective criteria may be useful for the evaluation of image quality.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

Computer-aided nodule detection on digital chest radiography: validation test on consecutive T1 cases of resectable lung cancer.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of a commercially available computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD) system on operable T1 cases of lung cancer by use of digital chest radiography equipment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty consecutive patients underwent surgery for primary lung cancer, and 50 normal cases were selected. All cancer cases were histopathologically confirmed T1 cases. All normal individuals were selected on the basis of chest computed tomography (CT) confirmation and were matched with cancer cases in terms of age and gender distributions. All chest radiographs were obtained with one computed radiography or two flat-panel detector systems. Eight radiologists (four chest radiologists and four residents) participated in observer tests and interpreted soft copy images by using an exclusive display system without and with CAD output. When radiologists diagnosed cases as positives, the locations of lesions were recorded on hard copies. The observers' performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS: The overall detectability of lung cancer cases with CAD system was 74% (37/50), and the false-positive rate was 2.28 (114/50) false positives per case for normal cases. The mean A(z) value increased significantly from 0.896 without CAD output to 0.923 with CAD output (P = 0.018). The main cause of the improvement in performance is attributable to changes from false negatives without CAD to true positives with CAD (19/31, 61%). Moreover, improvement in the location of the tumor was observed in 1.5 cases, on average, for radiology residents. CONCLUSION: This CAD system for digital chest radiographs is useful in assisting radiologists in the detection of early resectable lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Long-term local control of recurrent adenoid cystic carcinoma in the parotid gland with radiotherapy and intraarterial infusion chemotherapy.

We report a case of postoperative recurrence of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the left parotid gland treated with radiotherapy and arterial infusion chemotherapy. A 52-year-old woman had a history of surgical resection for an adenoid cystic carcinoma arising from the left parotid gland 25 years before. Despite two reoperations for local recurrence after the initial surgery, she had a third local recurrence in the remnant of the left parotid gland. The patient was treated with a concurrent combination of radiotherapy (60 Gy/30F) and intraarterial infusion chemotherapy with carboplatin (750 mg/30 days) from which she obtained a complete response. The patient has remained free of local progression 54 months after treatment. Radiotherapy and arterial infusion chemotherapy is effective treatment for local recurrence of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the head and neck.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2006

Small bowel perforation resulting from blunt abdominal trauma: interval change of radiological characteristics.

PURPOSE: We analyzed radiography and computed tomography (CT) findings of small bowel perforation due to blunt trauma to identify the keys to diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve patients with surgically proven small bowel perforation were retrospectively studied. All patients underwent radiography and CT, and five underwent presurgical follow-up CT. Radiological findings were evaluated and correlated to the elapsed time from the onset of the trauma retrospectively. RESULTS: Radiography demonstrated free air in only 8% (1/12) and 25% (3/12) at the initial and follow-up examinations, respectively. In contrast, the initial and follow-up CT scans detected extraluminal air in 58% (7/12) and 92% (11/12), respectively. Mesenteric fat obliteration was seen in 58% (7/12) and 75% (9/12) at initial and follow-up CT, respectively. The incidence of both extraluminal air and mesenteric fat obliteration on CT increased as time elapsed, particularly after 8 h. High-density ascites was seen in 75% at initial CT, including two patients without extraluminal air, but was observed in all but one patient at follow-up CT. CONCLUSION: The chance of detecting extraluminal air increases as time elapses. High-density ascites may be seen without extraluminal air and might be an indirect or precedent sign of small bowel perforation. Radiologists need to be familiar with these radiological features.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed2006

Hepatocellular carcinoma with a prominent vascular scar in the center: MR imaging findings.

We report herein a case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with a prominent central scar. Dynamic CT and MRI studies revealed a hypervascular liver mass and a washout of contrast material in the delayed phase. The tumor center showed particular hyperintensity on T2-weighted images and delayed or prolonged enhancement. The surgical specimen revealed moderately differentiated HCC with a central scar. The central scar consisted of prominent vascular channels and loose fibrous tissue, indicative of a vascular scar. We should understand MR imaging findings of this type of central scar in the HCC.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Usefulness of artificial neural network for differential diagnosis of hepatic masses on CT images.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE: Our purpose in this study is to apply an artificial neural network (ANN) for differential diagnosis of certain hepatic masses on computed tomographic (CT) images and evaluate the effect of ANN output on radiologist diagnostic performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected 120 cases of hepatic disease. We used a single three-layer feed-forward ANN with a back-propagation algorithm. The ANN is designed to differentiate four hepatic masses (hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic peripheral cholangiocarcinoma, hemangioma, and metastasis) by using nine clinical parameters and 24 radiological findings in dual-phase contrast-enhanced CT images. Thus, the ANN consisted of 33 input units and four output units. Subjective ratings for the 24 radiological findings were provided independently by two attending radiologists. All clinical cases were used for training and testing of the ANN by implementation of a round-robin technique. In the observer test, CT images of all 120 cases (30 cases for each disease) were used. CT images were viewed by seven radiologists first without and then with ANN output. Radiologist performance was evaluated by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis on a continuous rating scale. RESULTS: Averaged area under the ROC curve for ANN alone was 0.961. The diagnostic performance of seven radiologists increased from 0.888 to 0.934 (P < .02) when they used ANN output. CONCLUSION: The ANN can provide useful output as a second opinion to improve radiologist diagnostic performance in the differential diagnosis of hepatic masses seen on contrast-enhanced CT.

Aged, 80 and over↗