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Biomedical subjects

Hisaji Oshima

Publications and source records attributed to Hisaji Oshima.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Vitamin K2 as a potential therapeutic agent for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis].

Most of the guidelines for management of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) recommend bisphosphonates as therapeutic agents. However, bisphosphonates have a gastrointestinal side effect, and a potential risk for pregnant women and children. Moreover, an efficacy of combination therapy with proved drugs for GIOP remains to be clarified. An analog of vitamin K(2) reduced the fracture risk independent from the bone mineral densities in GIOP. Since GIOP induced bone fracture even in the high bone mass, the vitamin K(2) analog should be an effective therapeutic agent for GIOP through increasing bone strength without an increase in bone mineral density.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed2005

Prognostic value of serum concentration of heart-type fatty acid-binding protein relative to cardiac troponin T on admission in the early hours of acute coronary syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) is proposed as an early biomarker for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but its prognostic value is unclear in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We evaluated the prognostic value of the H-FABP concentration relative to cardiac troponin T (cTnT) in the early hours of ACS. METHODS: Serum concentrations of H-FABP and cTnT were measured on admission in 328 consecutive patients hospitalized for ACS within 6 h after the onset of chest pain [AMI, 241 (73.5%) patients; ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, 154 (47.0%) patients; and emergent coronary angiography within 24 h after admission, 287 (87.5%) patients]. Cardiac events, which were defined as cardiac death or subsequent nonfatal AMI, were monitored for 6 months after admission. RESULTS: During the 6-month follow-up period, there were 25 cardiac events, including 15 cardiac deaths and 10 subsequent nonfatal AMIs. Stepwise multivariate analyses including clinical, electrocardiographic, and biochemical variables revealed that increased H-FABP (above the median of 9.8 microg/L), but not increased cTnT (above the median of 0.02 microg/L), was independently associated with cardiac events in all patients [relative risk (RR) = 8.96; P = 0.0004], the subgroup of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (RR = 11.3; P = 0.02), and the subgroup of patients with unstable angina and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (RR = 8.31; P = 0.007). The area under the ROC curve was higher for H-FABP than for cTnT (0.711 vs 0.578; P = 0.08), suggesting that H-FABP concentrations have a greater predictive capacity for cardiac events than cTnT. CONCLUSION: Serum H-FABP is a potential independent predictor of cardiac events within 6 months of patient admission and may provide prognostic information superior to cTnT in the early hours of ACS.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

Therapeutic effects of the combination of methotrexate and bucillamine in early rheumatoid arthritis: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled study.

Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) combination therapies are used widely, but there have been few reports clearly demonstrating that combination therapy is more effective than DMARD monotherapy. We conducted a multicenter, double-blind controlled trial in order to clarify that the combination of methotrexate and bucillamine is more effective than either alone. The subjects of this study were 71 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis within 2 years of onset. Dosages were 8 mg methotrexate with 5 mg folic acid per week (MTX group), 200 mg bucillamine per day (BUC group), or both MTX and BUC (combination group). Clinical effects and adverse reactions were observed for 96 weeks. The ACR 20 response rate was 79.2% in the combination group, significantly higher than the rates of 43.5% for the MTX group (P = 0.008) and 45.8% for the BUC group (P = 0.0178). The cumulative survival curve of maintaining the ACR 20 response was significantly higher in the combination group than in the MTX and BUC groups (P = 0.0123 and P = 0.0088, respectively). The mean increase in the total Sharp score over 96 weeks was 12.6 +/- 9.0 in the combination group, significantly lower (P = 0.0468) than the value of 28.0 +/- 28.3 for the single DMARD (combined MTX and BUC) group. The incidence of adverse reactions did not differ significantly between the three groups. It was concluded that the combination therapy with MTX and BUC showed significantly higher clinical efficacy than either of the single DMARD therapies.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

[Corticosteroids].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
PubMed2004

[Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and bone mineral densimetry].

While the diagnosis and management of primary osteoporosis have been established and widely utilized, these for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP), i.e. a representative of secondary osteoporosis, are on their way. GIOP caused fractures at a higher bone mineral density (BMD) compared to primary osteoporosis. The cut off value of the BMD for prediction of fractures was around 80% of the young adult means (T-score; -1.5). As this value would give a useful diagnostic point for initiating treatments, measurements of BMD should be a significant tool for management of GIOP.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2003

Highly conjugative pMG1-like plasmids carrying Tn1546-like transposons that encode vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus faecium.

A total of 12 VanA-type vancomycin-resistant enterococci, consisting of 10 Enterococcus faecium isolates and two Enterococcus avium isolates, were examined in detail. The vancomycin resistance conjugative plasmids pHTalpha (65.9 kbp), pHTbeta (63.7 kbp), and pHTgamma (66.5 kbp) were isolated from each of three different E. faecium strains. The plasmids transferred highly efficiently between enterococcus strains during broth mating and were homologous with pMG1 (Gm(r); 65.1 kb).

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2003

Prognostic value of combination of cardiac troponin T and B-type natriuretic peptide after initiation of treatment in patients with chronic heart failure.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have suggested that cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and troponin I may detect ongoing myocardial damage involved in the progression of chronic heart failure (CHF). This study was prospectively designed to examine whether the combination of cTnT, a marker for ongoing myocardial damage, and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), a marker for left ventricular overload, would effectively stratify patients with CHF after initiation of treatment. METHODS: We measured serum cTnT, plasma BNP, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on admission for worsening CHF [New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class III to IV] and 2 months after initiation of treatment to stabilize CHF (n = 100; mean age, 68 years). RESULTS: Mean (SD) concentrations of cTnT [0.023 (0.066) vs 0.063 (0.20) micro g/L] and BNP [249 (276) vs 753 (598) ng/L], percentage increased cTnT (>0.01 micro g/L; 35% vs 60%), NYHA functional class [2.5 (0.6) vs 3.5 (5)], and LVEF [43 (13)% vs 36 (12)%] were significantly (P <0.01) improved 2 months after treatment compared with admission. During a mean follow-up of 391 days, there were 44 cardiac events, including 12 cardiac deaths and 32 readmissions for worsening CHF. On a stepwise Cox regression analysis, increased cTnT and BNP were independent predictors of cardiac events (P <0.001). cTnT >0.01 micro g/L and/or BNP >160 ng/L 2 months after initiation of treatment were associated with increased cardiac mortality and morbidity rates. CONCLUSION: The combination of cTnT and BNP measurements after initiation of treatment may be highly effective for risk stratification in patients with CHF.

Aged↗