Biomedical subjects

Hizir Akyildiz

Publications and source records attributed to Hizir Akyildiz.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Single dose of anti-transforming growth factor-beta1 monoclonal antibody enhances liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in biliary-obstructed rats.

BACKGROUND: Transforming growth factor (TGF) beta is a potent inhibitor of hepatocyte DNA synthesis and liver regeneration. TGF-beta(1) expression progressively increases in obstructive jaundice. We investigated the effect of TGF-beta(1) blockage on liver regeneration in rats induced with obstructive jaundice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Wistar-albino rats were divided into three groups: sham, control, and study groups. In the study and control groups, the common bile duct was ligated and divided, and 7 days later a partial hepatectomy was performed. In the study group, anti-TGF-beta(1) monoclonal antibody (10-microg single dose) was administered immediately after the 70% hepatectomy. In the control group, those rats in which obstructive jaundice was induced received normal saline after the 70% hepatectomy, and nonjaundiced rats received anti-TGF-beta(1) monoclonal antibody after the 70% hepatectomy. Rats were sacrificed after 48 or 72 h. Relative liver weight, AST, ALT, total and conjugated bilirubin, and TGF-beta(1) levels were measured. The mitotic index and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling index were evaluated as histopathologic parameters. RESULTS: At 72 h, the TGF-beta(1) level in the study group was similar to that in the sham group, whereas TGF-beta(1) in the study group was significantly lower than that of the jaundiced control group at 48 or 72 h (P < 0.001). The relative liver weight, mitotic index, and PCNA labeling index were significantly higher in the study group than in the jaundiced control group at 48 and 72 h (P < 0.001). The AST, ALT, and TGF-beta(1) levels were significantly higher in the jaundiced control group compared to the study group after 48 and 72 h, whereas these values were significantly lower in the nonjaundiced control group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In obstructive jaundiced rats, TGF-beta(1) blockage with anti-TGF-beta(1) monoclonal antibody after liver resection improved liver regeneration both morphologically and functionally.

Alanine Transaminase↗

PubMed2006

Granulomatous lobular mastitis: a complex diagnostic and therapeutic problem.

BACKGROUND: Granulomatous lobular mastitis is a rare chronic inflammatory disease of the breast. Clinical and radiological features may mimic breast carcinoma. Since this entity was first described, several clinical and pathologic features of the disease have been reported, but diagnostic features and treatment alternatives are still unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate diagnostic difficulties and discuss the outcome of surgical treatment in a series of 21 patients with granulomatous lobular mastitis. METHODS: A retrospective review of 21 patients with histologically confirmed granulomatous lobular mastitis treated in our center between January 1995 and May 2005 was analyzed to identify issues in the diagnosis and treatment of this rare condition. RESULTS: The most common presenting symptoms were a mass in the breast and pain. Four patients had no significant mammographic findings (MMG), but on ultrasound (US), 2 had irregular hypoechoic mass, and 2 hypoechoic nodular structures had abnormalities-one parenchymal distortion and 1 mass formation in 2 of these 4 patients' magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In recurrent cases, limited excision under local anesthesia was performed, as the clinical examination suggested carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Although some findings on MMG and US are suggestive of benign breast disease, these modalities do not rule out malignancy. MRI may be helpful in patients who do not have significant pathology at MMG or US. Fine-needle aspiration cytology may be useful in some cases but diagnosis is potentially difficult because of its cytologic characteristics. Wide excision, particularly under general anesthesia, can be therapeutic as well as useful in providing an exact diagnosis.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Treatment with Met-RANTES decreases bacterial translocation in experimental colitis.

BACKGROUND: During colitis, epithelial function is impaired, leading to increased bacterial translocation. Recent studies have shown the important role of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted), in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). In this study, we evaluated the role of Met-RANTES, an antagonist of the RANTES receptor, on the impairment of bacterial translocation in a rat model of colitis. METHODS: Rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups. Group 1 = control, group 2 = experimental colitis, and group 3 = colitis plus Met-RANTES treatment. On day 7 after colitis was induced, plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha colon tissue myeloperoxidase and portal blood endotoxin levels were measured. Lymph node, liver, and spleen culture quantified bacterial translocation. RESULTS: Met-RANTES treatment resulted in significant decreases in colonic damage as well as bacterial translocation in experimental colitis. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that chemokine receptor antagonists may potentially be useful in the treatment of IBDs.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

[Massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding in the elderly].

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to evaluate the results of massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding in the elderly patients. METHODS: The data of patients older than 60 years with massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding were retrospectively analyzed between January 1999 and March 2002. RESULTS: There were 14 (52%) males and 13 (48%), females with mean age of 70.2 years (range 60 to 88). Twenty patients were diagnosed with colonoscopy. Angiography was employed in six, scintigraphy in three and r- enteroclysis in two patients. Colonic diverticulosis was the leading etiologic factor (48%). Mean comorbidity and hospital stay were 1.59 and 6.7 days, respectively. Conservative treatment were performed in eighteen, band JCC, ligation in three, surgery in five and embolization in two patients. Mortality rate was 26%. Mortality was high it in patients who had a lower initial diastolic pressure and required more transfusions (p:0.006 and p:0.025, respectively ) CONCLUSION: Massive lower gastrointestinal system bleeding in the elderly with comorbidities is associated with higher rate of mortality. Surgery in these patients has high mortality rates. Endoscopic and conservative diagnosis and treatment methods should be the first choice in the elderly. Key words: Bleeding, lower gastrointestinal system, elderly.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The results of caustic ingestions.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The ingestion of caustic substances is a common condition, which may result in serious injuries of the upper gastrointestinal system. The purpose of this study is to assess the outcomes of patients who had a history of the ingestion of caustic substances. METHODOLOGY: Between January 1995 and May 2002, 53 patients with clinical and/or endoscopic signs of caustic agents injury admitted to the Emergency Surgery Service of University of Istanbul, Istanbul Medical School, were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS: The group consisted of 29 females and 24 males with a mean age of 33 years (range 15 to 77). Caustic ingestion was accidental in 31 (59%) and suicidal in 22 (41%). Twenty-five (47%) patients had history of acid ingestions, 21 (40%) alkaline and 7 (12%) unknown agents. The findings of upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy in 37 patients were as follows: i) fourteen patients had Grade I esophagitis, ii) fourteen patients had Grade II esophagitis; four with gastric mucosal burn, three with gastric and duodenal mucosal burn, five with pharyngeal mucosal burns, iii) two patients had gastric and duodenal mucosal burns, iv) four patients had gastric mucosal burn, vi) three patients had esophageal, gastric and duodenal mucosal burn. Eight patients (15%) with signs of acute abdomen underwent urgent surgery (six of these cases were acid ingestions and seven were suicidal ingestions); four of these patients with esophageal necrosis and gastric perforation, two with esophageal, gastric, duodenal and jejunal necrosis, one with local necrosis in the gastric fundus, and one had normal findings at laparotomy. The mean follow-up period was 11.6 months (range 1 to 42 months). During the follow-up one patient presented with pyloric stenosis, which required surgery. The mortality rate was 11%. CONCLUSIONS: Suicidal caustic ingestion and acid ingestion seem to cause more severe injuries. Early admission to the hospital with clinical and endoscopic evaluation and early surgery when required may reduce morbidity and mortality.

Accidents↗