Biomedical subjects

Hong Yan

Publications and source records attributed to Hong Yan.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Study on the influence of hypoxia induced microtubule damage on the opening of mitochondrial permeable transition pore of cardiac myocytes in rat].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of hypoxia induced microtubule damage on the opening of mitochondrial permeable transition pore (MPTP)of cardiac myocytes and on the decrease of respiratory function in rat. METHODS: Primary cultured myocardial cells from 30 neonatal rats were randomized as normoxic group (A), hypoxia group (B), normoxia with microtubule destabilizing agent group (C, with treatment of 8 micromol/L colchicines for 30 minutes before normoxia), and hypoxia with microtubule stabilizing agent group (D, with treatment of 10 micromol/L taxol for 30 minutes before hypoxia). beta-tubulin immunofluorescence ,the opening of mitochondria permeability transition pore, and the mitochondrial inner membrane potential were detected at 0.5, 1, 3, 6 and 12 post-treatment hours (PTH), and the mitochondrial respiratory function was determined by MTT method. The changes in these indices were also determined in A group at the corresponding time-points. RESULTS: Obvious damage of polymerized microtubule, opening of MPTP, mitochondrial inner membrane potential loss and decrease of myocardial respiratory activity were observed in both group B and C at 0.5 PTH, and they became more and more serious afterwards. However, the changes in the above indices in D group were much better than those in B group (P < 0.05 or 0.01), and no difference was found between D (92.8 +/- 4.0)% and C [(100.0 +/- 0.0) %, P > 0.05] groups. CONCLUSION: Hypoxia played a role in the myocardial microtubule damage as well as in the opening of MPTP. Moreover, hypoxia could also impair the mitochondrial respiratory function. Microtubule destabilizing agent could reproduce well the process of hypoxia induced microtubule damage, while the stabilizing agent exerted protective effect by improving the transition of mitochondrial permeability and the mitochondria respiratory function.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Hepatitis B revaccination in healthy non-responder Chinese children: five-year follow-up of immune response and immunologic memory.

To assess persistence of anti-HBs and immunologic memory of non-responders after revaccination, 40 healthy non-responder children were given a three-dose recombinant hepatitis B vaccine revaccination randomly by intramuscular (10 microg per dose) or intradermal (2 microg per dose) route and followed up to five years. All 17 intramuscular and 22 of 23 intradermal children developed a seroprotective antibody response (anti-HBs>or=10 mIU/mL) after revaccination. Children of intramuscular group had significantly higher seroprotection rates and anti-HBs geometric mean titers than the intradermal group. At year 5, 50% of children in intramuscular group, but only 18.2% of intradermal group still maintained seroprotection (P=0.075). By the end of follow-up, a booster dose (5 microg) was given to those who had lost seroprotection. All the eight intramuscular children developed an anamnestic response with increase of anti-HBs level by 215 times, but two of the 18 intradermal children failed to produce seroprotective level. Three-routine-dose intramuscular revaccination was significantly more effective than low-dose intradermal revaccination with the same number of injections. No child seroconverted to HBsAg, and 11 had transient infections indicated by seroconversion to anti-HBc. These results demonstrated that non-responders could benefit from three doses intramuscular revaccination not only in high proportion of anti-HBs conversion but also in long-term persistence of seroprotection, and more importantly in preservation of the immunologic memory years after loss of protective anti-HBs.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Analysis of the Xenopus Werner syndrome protein in DNA double-strand break repair.

Werner syndrome is associated with premature aging and increased risk of cancer. Werner syndrome protein (WRN) is a RecQ-type DNA helicase, which seems to participate in DNA replication, double-strand break (DSB) repair, and telomere maintenance; however, its exact function remains elusive. Using Xenopus egg extracts as the model system, we found that Xenopus WRN (xWRN) is recruited to discrete foci upon induction of DSBs. Depletion of xWRN has no significant effect on nonhomologous end-joining of DSB ends, but it causes a significant reduction in the homology-dependent single-strand annealing DSB repair pathway. These results provide the first direct biochemical evidence that links WRN to a specific DSB repair pathway. The assay for single-strand annealing that was developed in this study also provides a powerful biochemical system for mechanistic analysis of homology-dependent DSB repair.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

The properties of CpG islands in the putative promoter regions of human immunoglobulin (Ig) genes.

CpG island is a GC-rich motif occurred in gene promoter region, which can play important roles in gene silencing and imprinting. Here, we present a set of discriminant functions that can recognize the structural and compositional features of CpG islands in the putative promoter regions (PPRs) of human and mouse immunoglobulin (Ig) genes. We showed that the PPRs of both human and mouse Ig genes irrespective of gene chromosomal localization are apparently CpG island poor, with a low percentage of the CpG islands overlapped with the transcription start site (TSS). The human Ig genes that have CpG islands in the PPRs show a very narrow range of CpG densities. 47% of the Ig genes fall in the range of 3.5-4 CpGs/100 bp. In contrast, the non-Ig genes examined have a wide range of the density of CpG island, with 10.5% having the density of 8.1-15 CpGs/100 bp. Meantime, five patterns of the CpG distributions within the CpG islands have been classified: Pat A, B, C, D, and E. 21.6% and 10.8% of the Ig genes fall into the Pat B and Pat D groups, respectively, which were significantly higher than the non-Ig genes examined (8.2% and 3.8%). Moreover, the length of CpG islands is shorter in human Ig genes than in non-Ig genes but is much longer than in mouse orthologues. These findings provide a clear picture of non-neutral and nonrandom occurrence of the CpG islands in the PPRs of human and mouse Ig genes, which facilitate rational recommendations regarding their nomenclature.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

CYP2E1-dependent hepatotoxicity and oxidative damage after ethanol administration in human primary hepatocytes.

AIM: To observe the relationship between ethanol-induced oxidative damage in human primary cultured hepatocytes and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) activity, in order to address if inhibition of CYP2E1 could attenuate ethanol-induced cellular damage. METHODS: The dose-dependent (25-100 mmol/L) and time-dependent (0-24 h) exposures of primary human cultured hepatocytes to ethanol were carried out. CYP2E1 activity and protein expression were detected by spectrophotometer and Western blot analysis respectively. Hepatotoxicity was investigated by determination of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate transaminase (AST) level in hepatocyte culture supernatants, as well as the intracellular formation of malondialdehyde (MDA). RESULTS: A dose-and time-dependent response between ethanol exposure and CYP2E1 activity in human hepatocytes was demonstrated. Moreover, there was a time-dependent increase of CYP2E1 protein after 100 mmol/L ethanol exposure. Meanwhile, ethanol exposure of hepatocytes caused a time-dependent increase of cellular MDA level, LDH, and AST activities in supernatants. Furthermore, the inhibitor of CYP2E1, diallyl sulfide (DAS) could partly attenuate the increases of MDA, LDH, and AST in human hepatocytes. CONCLUSION: A positive relationship between ethanol-induced oxidative damage in human primary cultured hepatocytes and CYP2E1 activity was exhibited, and the inhibition of CYP2E1 could partly attenuate ethanol-induced oxidative damage.

Cells, Cultured↗

PubMed2005

Cooperative metal-boron interactions in the reaction of nido-1,2-(CpRuH)2B3H7, Cp = eta5-C5Me5, with HC(triple bond)CPh.

Products of the reaction of nido-1,2-(CpRuH)(2)B(3)H(7), 1, and phenylacetylene demonstrate the ways in which cluster metal and main group fragments can combine with an alkyne. Observed at 22 degrees C are (a) reduction to mu-alkylidene Ru-B bridges (isomers nido-1,2-(CpRu)(2)(1,5-mu-C{Ph}Me)B(3)H(7), 2, and nido-1,2-(CpRu)(2)(1,5-mu-C{CH(2)Ph}H)B(3)H(7), 3), (b) reduction to exo-cluster alkyl substituents on boron (nido-1,2-(CpRuH)(2)-3-CH(2)CH(2)Ph-B(3)H(6), 4), (c) cluster insertion with extrusion of a BH(2) fragment into an exo-cluster bridge (nido-1,2-(CpRu)(2)(mu-H)(mu-BH(2))-4-or-5-Ph-4,5-C(2)B(2)H(5), 5), (d) combined insertion with BH(2) extrusion and reduction (nido-1,2-(CpRu)(2)(mu-H)(mu-BH(2))-3-CH(2)CH(2)Ph-5-Ph-4,5-C(2)B(2)H(4), 6), (e) insertion and loss of borane with and without reduction (nido-1,2-(CpRu)(2)-5-Ph-4,5-C(2)B(2)H(7), 7, and isomers nido-1,2-(CpRu)(2)-3-CH(2)CH(2)Ph-4-(and-5-)Ph-C(2)B(2)H(6), 8 and 9), and (f) insertion and borane loss plus reduction (nido-1,2-(CpRu)(2)-3-(trans-CH=CHPh)-5-Ph-4,5-C(2)B(2)H(6), 10). Along with 7, 8, and 10, the reaction at 90 degrees C generates products of insertion and nido- to closo-cluster closure (closo-4-Ph-1,2-(CpRuH)(2)-4,6-C(2)B(2)H(3), 11, closo-1,2-(CpRuH)(2)-3-CH(2)CH(2)Ph-5-Ph-7-CH(2)CH(2)Ph-4,5-C(2)B(3)H(2), 12, closo-1,2-(CpRuH)(2)-5-Ph-4,5-C(2)B(3)H(4), 13, and isomers closo-1,2-(CpRuH)(2)-3-and-7-CH(2)CH(2)Ph-5-Ph-4,5-C(2)B(3)H(3), 14 and 15). The clusters with an exo-cluster bridging BH(2) groups are shown to be intermediates by demonstrating that the major products 5 and 6 rearrange to 13 and convert to 14, respectively. 14 then isomerizes to 15, thus connecting low- and high-temperature products. Finally, all available information shows that the high reactivity of 1 with alkynes can be associated with the "extra" two Ru-H hydrides on the framework of 1 which are required to meet the nido-cluster electron count.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2005

Clinical and protein metabolic efficacy of glutamine granules-supplemented enteral nutrition in severely burned patients.

As an abundant amino acid in the human body, glutamine has many important metabolic roles that may protect or promote tissue integrity and enhance the immune system. A relative deficiency of glutamine in such patients could compromise recovery and result in prolonged illness and an increase in late mortality. The purpose of this clinical study is to observe the effects of enteral supplement with glutamine granules on protein metabolism in severely burned patients. Forty-eight severe burn patients (total burn surface area 30-75%, full thickness burn area 20-58%) who met the requirements of the protocol joined this double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: burn control group (B group, 23 patients) and glutamine treated group (Gln group, 25 patients). There was isonitrogenous and isocaloric intake in both groups, glutamine and B group patents were supplemented with glutamine granules or placebo (glycine) at 0.5 g/kg per day for 14 days with oral feeding or tube feeding, respectively. The level of plasma glutamine, plasma protein content, urine nitrogen and urine 3-methylhistidine (3-MTH) excretion were determined, wound healing rate of the burned area and hospital stay were recorded. The results showed that there were significant reductions in plasma glutamine level and abnormal protein metabolism. After supplement with glutamine granules for 14 days, the plasma glutamine concentration was significantly higher than that in B group (607.86+/-147.25 micromol/L versus 447.63+/-132.38 micromol/L, P<0.01) and the plasma prealbumin and transferrin in Gln group were remarkably higher than those in B group (P<0.01), but the concentration of total protein and albumin were not significantly changed compared with B group (P>0.05). On the other hand, the amount of urine nitrogen and 3-MTH excreted in Gln group were significantly lower than that in B group. In addition, wound healing was faster and hospital stay days were shorter in Gln group than B group (46.59+/-12.98 days versus 55.68+/-17.36 days, P<0.05). These indicated that supplement glutamine granules with oral feeding or tube feeding could abate the degree of glutamine depletion, promote protein synthesis, inhibit protein decompose, improve wound healing and reduce hospital stay.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Genistein inhibited retinal neovascularization and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy.

The effects of genistein on neovascularization, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha) protein expression in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy were studied. The model of oxygen-induced retinal neovascularization was induced in newborn C57BL/6 mice by exposing 7-day-old mice to 75% oxygen for 5 days and then housing them in room air (relative hypoxia). Retinopathy was assessed by quantitation of vascular cell nuclei anterior to inner limiting membrane. Judged by relative fluorescence using a confocal scanning laser microscope coupled to a computer, VEGF and HIF1alpha protein expression were investigated. Genistein markedly inhibited the numbers of nuclei protruding above the inner limiting membrane under relative hypoxia conditions. The levels of nuclei numbers were suppressed by 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight /day genistein to 87.4%, 72.0%, and 59.4%, respectively, compared to that untreated with genistein. VEGF protein was constitutively expressed in the preretinal area under normoxia conditions. Genistein markedly inhibited relative-hypoxia-elicited VEGF expression elevation in a dose-dependent manner. HIF1alpha expression was also observed in normoxia conditions. There was a 2.4-fold induction in preretinal HIF1alpha expression in oxygen-reared animals when compared to room-air-reared animals. Genistein dose-dependently suppressed HIF1alpha protein expression. These results indicated that the inhibition of VEGF and HIF1alpha protein expression by genistein may partly account for its effect on retinal neovascularization in vivo, and genistein could be an effective agent in the prevention and treatment of ocular neovascularization.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors↗

PubMed2005

Effects of melatonin in age-related macular degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of severe visual loss in aged people. Melatonin has been shown to have the capacity to control eye pigmentation and thereby regulate the amount of light reaching the photoreceptors, to scavenge hydroxyradicals and to protect retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells from oxidative damage. Therefore, it is reasonable to think that the physiological decrease of melatonin in aged people may be an important factor in RPE dysfunction, which is a well known cause for initiation of AMD. Our purpose is to explore a new approach to prevent or treat AMD. We began case control study with a follow-up of 6 to 24 months. One hundred patients with AMD were diagnosed and 3 mg melatonin was given orally each night at bedtime for at least 3 months. Both dry and wet forms of AMD were included. Fifty-five patients were followed for more than 6 months. At 6 months of treatment, the visual acuity had been kept stable in general. Though the follow up time is not long, this result is already better than the otherwise estimated natural course.1,2 The change of the fundus picture was remarkable. Only 8 eyes showed more retinal bleeding and 6 eyes more retinal exudates. The majority had reduced pathologic macular changes. We conclude that the daily use of 3 mg melatonin seems to protect the retina and to delay macular degeneration. No significant side effects were observed.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

[Detection of interaction of binding affinity of aromatic hydrocarbon receptor to the specific DNA by exonuclease protection polymerase chain reaction assay].

OBJECTIVE: To establish an exonuclease protection mediated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the non-radioactive, sensitive detection of the binding of protein and DNA. METHODS: The 1 pmol/L-10 nmol/L 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), was added into 100 microl SD rat hepatic cytosol in vitro, which contained different amount of aromatic hydrocarbon receptors (AhR) and relative proteins, and ligand-AhR-DRE complex were formed in addition to 1 fmol/L-100 nmol/L DNAs probes containing the sequence of DRE. With the digestion of Exonuclease III and S1 nuclease, free DNAs were digested to oligonucleotide and binding DNA remained due to protein (AhR) protection and be amplified by PCR. The results of PCRs were shown by loading on 2% agarose electrophoresis. DMSO was used as negative control and blank control was set up. RESULTS: Target DNA (285 bp) could be observed in the ligand groups, but not in the control group. The minimal amount of receptor was 2.5 fmol/L and the minimal amount of DNA probes was 2 fmol. CONCLUSIONS: Exonuclease protection mediated PCR assay should be a good non-radioactive tool to quantify the interaction of protein and DNA with high sensitivity and simplicity.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Application of fractal dimension in heart rate variability analysis during head-down tilt].

OBJECTIVE: The paper applies the fractal dimension to heart rate variability (HRV), and discusses the changes of the fractal dimension of cardiovascular system during head down tilt (HDT). METHOD: ECG of 10 subjects were recorded during HDT, the experiment was repeated in each subject. Fractal dimension was used to analyze the HRV. RESULT: Compared to supine before HDT, the standard deviation of all normal to normal RR intervals (SDNN) at 15-20 min, 20-25 min, 25-30 min and restoration increased significantly; the root mean square of successive differences between adjacent normal cycles (rMSSD) at 20-25 min increased significantly; the fractal dimension at 0-5 min, 5-10 min, 10-15 min, 20-25 min, 25-30 min and restoration increased significantly. CONCLUSION: The result shows that HRV and the nonlinearity of cardiovascular system increase during HDT. It is feasible that the fractal dimension can be used for analyzing HRV.

Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena↗

PubMed2005

Acupuncture for treatment of climacteric syndrome--a report of 35 cases.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of acupuncture for treatment of climacteric syndrome. METHODS: The 65 cases in this series were randomly assigned to the acupuncture group (N=35) and the control group (N=30), with the former treated by acupuncture and the latter by medication respectively. The therapeutic effects were evaluated by means of the clinical outcome, improvement in the symptom scores and the results of radioimmunoassays. RESULTS: In the acupuncture group, 12 cases were cured, 16 cases markedly effective, and 6 cases improved, the total effective rate being as high as 97.14%. The decrease in the symptom scores, and especially the elevation of the decreased E2 level and the decrease of the increased FSH and LH levels, demonstrated that acupuncture therapy was superior to medication. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture for regulating the mental activities and reinforcing the kidney is an effective therapy for climacteric syndrome.

Acupuncture Therapy↗

PubMed2005

Comparative study on effects of burn-blast combined injury and burn-firearm combined injury complicated with seawater immersion on vascular endothelial cells.

OBJECTIVE: To comparatively study the effects and mechanisms of burn-blast combined injury and burn-firearm combined injury complicated with seawater immersion on vascular endothelial cells. METHODS: A total of 40 healthy adult hybrid dogs of both sexes, weighing 12-15 kg, were used in this study. Randomly-selected 20 dogs were established as models of burn-blast combined injury (the burn-blast injury group) and the other 20 dogs as models of burn-firearm combined injury (the burn-firearm injury group). Then the wounds of all the dogs were immediately immersed in seawater for 4 hours, and then they were taken out from the seawater. Blood samples were withdrawn from the central vein of the dogs before injury, and at 4, 7, 10, 20, and 28 hours after injury to measure the circulating endothelial cells and the von Willebrand factor. RESULTS: Circulating endothelial cells increased significantly at 4 hours after injury in all the dogs. But they reached peak at 7 hours after injury in the burn-blast injury group and at 28 hours after injury in the burn-firearm injury group. The changes of circulating endothelial cells in the burn-blast injury group were significantly different from those in the burn-firearm injury group at 4, 7, 20, and 28 hours after injury (P < 0.01). The von Willebrand factor reached peak at 4 hours after injury in the burn-blast injury group and at 28 hours in the burn-firearm injury group. The changes of von Willebrand factor in the burn-blast injury group were significantly different from those in the burn-firearm injury group at 4, 20, and 28 hours after injury (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In burn-blast injury combined with seawater immersion, the vascular endothelial cells changed most significantly at 4 hours or 7 hours after injury, while burn-firearm injury combined with seawater immersion have the same at 20 hours or 28 hours after injury.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Assessment on nutritional status among children under 3 years using anthropometry in 40 counties of western China].

OBJECTIVE: To assess nutritional status among children younger than 3 years in 40 counties of western China, using anthropometry. METHODS: With cross-sectional study and random sampling, a survey with a sample size of 7252 was conducted in 40 counties of western China on children under 3 years old. Height and weight were measured and nutrition status was evaluated with WHO/NCHS reference using Z scores. RESULTS: SD of height for age (HA) and weight for age (WA) were 1.10 - 1.30 and 1.06 - 1.40, respectively and SD of WAZ for infants varied. The distribution of HA Z and WAZ shifted downward to 1 unit and 0.4 unit for distribution of weight for height (WHZ). The prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting were 23.0%, 22.6% and 7.5% respectively. The prevalence rates were low among those yourger than 3 months. Stunting and underweight increased sharply after 6 months and reached 20% - 30%. Significant correlation was found between underweight and stunting or wasting with coefficients of 0.815 and 0.636, respectively. No correlation was found between stunting and wasting. CONCLUSION: The nutrition status adversely affected children as a whole but not only for individuals. There was a higher prevalence of malnutrition mainly on low height to children. Weight for age must be interpreted cautiously because of the inability of this indicator in distinguishing stunting and wasting just by itself. Assessment by anthropometry called for accurate information on age and measurement of height and weight.

Anthropometry↗

PubMed2005

[Habitat characteristics for the growth of Atractylodes lancea based on GIS].

OBJECTIVE: To study the habitat characteristics for the growth of Atractylodes lancea. METHOD: The leading factors for the growth of A. lancea are determined after stepwise regression, and the limiting factor are determined by field study, literature search,and weather records. The mean values of leading factors and the limiting factors of A. lancea for 30 years were applied to do spatial interpolation using IDIRIEIW softwares. An overlay was prerformed using data obtained in Mt. Maoshan and the general habitat of A. Iancea. RESULT: It was found that precipitation is one of the dominant climate factors that affects the quality of A. lancea. High temperature was one of the limiting factor which influences the living of A. lancea. The best habitat was determined to be: annual mean temperature more than 15 degrees C, monthly mean minimum temperature between - 2- -1 degrees C, monthly mean maximum temperature about 32 degrees C, lowest tolerable temperature - 17- -15 degrees C, drought season 1 - 2 months, annual mean precipitation between 1000 - 1160 mm. CONCLUSION: Mt. Maoshan was characterized by having high temperature, short drought season and adequate precipitation. The growth of A. Lancea is a result of environmental stress.

Atractylodes↗

PubMed2005

[Clinical study on treatment of chronic hepatitis B by kurarinone combined with interferon alpha-1b].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical effect of combination of kurarinone (KR) and interferon a-lb (IFNalpha-1b) in treating chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: One hundred and forty-six patients with chronic hepatitis B were randomized into four groups. Under the basic conventional treatment, additional KR combined IFNa-lb was given to Group A, IFNa-lb to Group B and KR to Group C while none was given to Group D. The therapeutic course for them was 6 months and succeeded with 6 months of follow-up. Changes in liver histology, expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) in liver tissue, and serum levels of TGF-beta, hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), collagen type IV (IVC), precollagen III (PCIII), as well as the negative conversion rate of HBeAg and HBV DNA, and normalization rate of alanine transaminase (ALT) before and after treatment were observed by immuno chemical method, RIA and ELISA. RESULTS: After treatment, in Group A, the scores of liver fibrosis and all the above-mentioned indexes significantly lowered, as compared with those in Group B and C, the difference was significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The negative conversion rate of TGF-beta in liver tissue was in accordance with the dynamic change of liver fibrosis. Comparison between Group B and C in those aspects showed insignificant difference (P >0.05). CONCLUSION: KR combined with IFNalpha-1b shows better effect in treating chronic hepatitis B than that of using either of the two alone.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Analysis and processing of two-lead ECG signals based on orthogonal synthesizing].

OBJECTIVE: To dig out the potential information in two-lead ECG signals, and discuss a new method of analyzing and processing two-lead ECG signals, viz. Orthogonal Synthesis Cardiogram (OSCG). METHOD: From a case in MIT-BIH Database, several representative heartbeats were chosen to draw a series of OSCG, and analyses were made quantitatively and qualitatively. RESULT: All species of OSCG in the case differed greatly in form. The indices picked up such as maximal vector orientation and amplitude of QRS Loop etc. could effectively distinguish all species of heartbeats. Thus gets more characteristics about the heart transformation beat by beat. CONCLUSION: OSCG is found to be a simple, capable method, suitable for use in manned space flight.

Electrocardiography↗

PubMed2005

[Influence of the enteral feeding of levorotatory arginine on severely burned patients during shock stage].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects and the mechanism of action of postburn dietary supplementation of levorotatory arginine (L-Arg) on burn shock resuscitation in severely burned patients. METHODS: This study was designed to be a prospective, randomized, single blinded and controlled one. Twenty burn patients with total burn surface area (TBSA) more than 30% were enrolled and randomized into two groups; 1) Group A (n = 10): enteral feeding of 50 g/L glucose normal saline (GNS) 500 ml per day containing L-Arg (400 mg/kg.day) at equal pace with fluid infusion for shock resuscitation for 4 days. 2) Group C (n = 10): enteral feeding with only 50 g/L GNS 500 ml per day for 4 days. All of the twenty patients received equal amount of enteral feeding via an intra-gastric tube with the aid of an enteral feeding pump, started within 24 postburn hours (PBH). Venous blood was harvested from all the patients in both groups on 1, 2, 3 and 4 postburn day (PBD) for the determination of serum content of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD). And the arterial content of lactate (BL) was also determined concomitantly. RESULTS: The results indicated that the serum SOD activity in group A was increased after burns, peaked on 4 PBD (68 +/- 23 U/ml), and it was obviously higher than that in group C (31 +/- 9 U/ml, P < 0.01). The serum contents of MDA and NO were decreased in both groups after burns. On 2 PBD, the serum NO level in group A decreased to the lowest level (50 +/- 14 micromol/L), which was obviously lower compared with group C (78 +/- 22 micromol/L, P < 0.01). On 4 PBD, serum MDA levels in group A (3.4 +/- 0.8 micromol/L) and group C (3.5 +/- 1.3 micromol/L) were decreased to the lowest level. The BL content in group A was obviously lower than that in group C on 2 and 3 PBD (P < 0.05 or 0.01). CONCLUSION: Enteral supplementation of L-arginine can decrease excessive NO production to a relatively normal level, and it might be beneficial to resuscitation of burn shock. It might also exert a protective effect against ischemia/reperfusion injury to burn patients.

Adolescent↗