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Hong-rui Liu

Publications and source records attributed to Hong-rui Liu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Clinicopathologic features of 18 cases of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of pathologically proved cases of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) including manifestation of CT scan, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cytology, pulmonary histopathological appearance. METHODS: Twenty-three consecutive patients from April 1994 to October 2005 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital with pathologic features of organizing pneumonia were enrolled in the study. RESULTS: Eighteen patients were diagnosed as COP. Percutaneous lung biopsy/transbronchial lung biopsy was performed in 10 patients, while open lung biopsy/video-assistant thorascopic biopsy was performed in 8 patients. There were 8 males and 10 females, aged (53.5 +/- 11.0) yr. Dyspnea, cough, inspiratory crackles were the most common symptoms and signs. Lung function tests showed a restrictive ventilatory defect (11/18), and impairment of carbon monoxide transfer factor (T(LCO), 18/18). Chest computed tomography scan in 18 cases mainly showed ground glass opacities (4/18), patchy areas of alveolar consolidation (13/18) with air bronchograms (3/18), and pleural effusion (4/18). BAL fluid cytological analysis showed the percentage of lymphocyte was 0.40 +/- 0.16, neutrophil 0.15 +/- 0.08, eosinophil 0.05 +/- 0.03; the CD(4)/CD(8) ratio was 0.43 +/- 0.21. All patients were treated with corticosteroids. Sixteen were alive and clinically improved or stabilized at the last follow up (8.7 +/- 6.2 months after diagnosis). Two patients died, one of respiratory failure, and another of pulmonary infection. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of COP is usually suggested by clinical-radiological findings, but needs to be confirmed histopathologically. The combination of BAL fluid cytological findings and lung histological appearance obtained during a bronchoscopic procedure appears to be an effective method for diagnosing this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Clinicopathologic manifestation of amiodarone-induced lung injury].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical, pathologic and radiologic features of amiodarone-induced lung injury. METHODS: The clinical, pathologic and radiologic features, including treatment and follow-up information of three cases diagnosed as amiodarone-induced lung injury from October 2004 to October 2005 in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital were reviewed. RESULTS: All the patients were males, with age ranging from 35 to 64 years. The duration of symptoms varied from 20 days to 3 years. All presented with cough. Worsening dyspnea and inspiratory crackles were noted in two patients. Computerized tomography showed bilateral patchy infiltration, ground-glass appearance and accentuation of bronchovascular markings. The most common pathologic manifestations included cellular interstitial pneumonia associated with intra-alveolar collections of macrophages and type II pneumocyte hyperplasia. Some of the macrophages contained finely vacuolated cytoplasm. An organizing pneumonia pattern was seen in one patient. CONCLUSIONS: Amiodarone-induced lung injury has characteristic pathologic features which may provide clues to diagnosis. Correlation with clinical and radiologic findings is also important.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of airway-centered interstitial fibrosis].

OBJECTIVE: To describe a form of interstitial lung disease pathologically characterized by small airway-centered interstitial fibrosis (ACIF). METHODS: We analyzed the clinical, pulmonary functional, radiographic, and histologic characteristics of one ACIF case in Peking Union Medical College Hospital and reviewed 12 cases in literatures. RESULTS: Clinically, patients presented with chronic cough and progressive dyspnea. Pulmonary function tests showed restrictive ventilatory pattern. Bronchoalveolar lavage showed a mild increase in lymphocytes in most cases. Chest radiography revealed diffuse reticulonodular infiltrates, with thickening of the bronchial walls and surrounding fibrosis. The key finding in histopathology was a distinctive pattern of ACIF centered on membranous and respiratory bronchioles. CONCLUSIONS: ACIF is a disease that do not fit into any known category of interstitial lung disease. Whether it is a unique disease remains to be determined.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical and pathological characteristics of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. METHODS: Four cases of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma were studied by histopathologic and immunohistochemical examination of lung biopsy specimens. RESULTS: There were 3 female and 1 male, age 28 to 40 years. Clinically the tumor presented as multiple bilateral small nodules in the lung. Histologically, crown-like clusters of epithelioid tumor cells were obtained which filled in the alveoli locating at the periphery of the tumor nodules, while the central part of the nodules contained myxoid to hyaline matrix. The overall architecture of the lung was still preserved. Additionally, intracytoplasmic vacuoles were seen in tumor cells within which red blood cells were sometimes identified. Tumor cells generally lacked pleomorphism, mitotic activity and necrosis. They were immunohistochemically positive for CD31 and CD34. AE1/AE3 staining was positive in some cases. CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma often occurs in a middle-aged woman and represents a distinct clinical pathological entity.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Clinical analysis of diffuse panbronchiolitis in 9 cases with literature review].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical features and diagnostic procedures for diffuse panbronchiolitis in Chinese patients. METHODS: With literature review, the clinical features and diagnostic procedures of diffusely panbronchiolitis in a series of 9 patients with histopathological confirmation were retrospectively described and discussed. RESULTS: Of the 9 cases, 8 had persistent cough, sputum production and exertion dyspnea, 7 had chronic sinusitis, 9 had centrilobular micronodules on chest CT, 7 had coarse crackles, 4 had FEV(1)/FVC < 70%, 5 had PaO(2) < 80 mm Hg and 1 had titer of cold hemagglutinin > or = 1:64. According to the Japanese revised clinical diagnostic criteria for diffuse panbronchiolitis, definite diagnosis could be made in 4 cases, probable in 3 and excluded in 2 cases, respectively, but it was clinically diagnosed or suspected only in 2 cases before clinicopathological confirmation, the remaining 7 cases were missed or mistaken for other diseases. Of the 9 cases, 8 had received transbronchial biopsy and all showed non-specific inflammation, which was in agreement with but nondiagnostic for diffuse panbronchiolitis. CONCLUSIONS: Most cases of diffuse panbronchiolitis can be clinically diagnosed or suggested according to the clinical diagnostic criteria, proposed solely by Japanese experts which should be further validated in non-Japanese populations. If difficulty in diagnosis arises, the diagnosis of diffuse panbronchiolitis should be based on its clinicopathological features and exclusion of other mimicking diseases. Of note, few cases can be confirmed by transbronchial biopsy, and in this case, surgical lung biopsy should be considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Pathologic feature and diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis].

OBJECTIVE: To describe the pathologic features and diagnostic algorithm of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). METHODS: Thirty-nine biopsy and postmortem cases of PAP were studied by light microscopy and histochemical staining using periodic acid-Schiff (with digestion) (PAS-D), mucicarmine (with digestion) (mucicarmine-D) and alcian blue. RESULTS: Histologically, the affected lung tissue displayed the following characteristic features: (1) alveoli and some of the small bronchioles were filled with eosinophilic and fine granular proteinaceous material with needle-like clefts; (2) proteinaceous material was seen admixed with various numbers of degenerated and sometimes exfoliated pneumocytes; (3) pneumocytes were hyperplastic; (4) alveolar capillaries and alveolar septa had become hyperemic, but pulmonary interstitial inflammation was not obvious; (5) no significant inflammation was identified in the bronchial wall; (6) compensating emphysema was noted in the surrounding lung parenchyma. Fragments of eosinophilic, finely granular proteinaceous material with needle-like clefts were also found in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid under light microscopy. The proteinaceous material was stained red by PAS-D. The staining for mucicarmine-D was negative, while alcian blue staining was either weakly positive (faint blue staining) or negative. Pathologic examination of lung biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid thus remaines the gold standard for diagnosis of PAP. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of homogeneous, eosinophilic, finely granular and PAS-D-positive proteinaceous material with needle-like clefts in alveolar spaces or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is of diagnostic importance in PAP. Bronchoalveolar lavage, being a relatively safe and non-invasive procedure, can be a useful adjunct in arriving at the final conclusion.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Isolated pulmonary giant cell arteritis: a case report and literature review].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical and pathological characteristics of isolated pulmonary giant cell arteritis and its differential diagnosis. METHODS: The pathological data of a patient with isolated pulmonary giant cell arteritis were studied, and the literature was reviewed. RESULTS: The walls of the pulmonary artery and its major lobar branches were thickened, and the blood vessels were occluded by organizing thrombosis. The arterial wall was infiltrated by lymphocytes, mononuclear cells and some multinuclear giant cells. CONCLUSIONS: Isolated pulmonary giant cell arteritis is a rare disease which can be definitely diagnosed by angiography and histopathology.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Pathologic diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pulmonary Langerhans' cell histiocytosis].

OBJECTIVE: Morphologic findings of pulmonary Langerhans' cell histiocytosis were analyzed in order to delineate diagnostic features. METHODS: H&E staining and immunohistochemical studies were performed on 7 cases of pulmonary Langerhans' cell histiocytosis. RESULTS: Infiltration by Langerhan's cells was obvious in all 7 cases. Inflammatory cell infiltrates, interstitial fibrosis and focal necrosis may also be seen. The cells expressed S-100 (7/7), CD68 (3/7), and CD1a (5/5). CONCLUSIONS: In case there is radiologic suspicion of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, pulmonary biopsy is strongly advised for a definitive diagnosis. S-100 and CD1a immunostaining is also helpful in this respect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Clinicopathologic analysis of paragonimiasis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical manifestations and pathologic findings of paragonimiasis. METHODS: Nine cases of paragonimiasis diagnosed in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital during the past 20 years were studied, with literature review and analysis of the epidemiological, clinical and pathologic characteristics. RESULTS: Of the 9 cases studied, 4 came from the northeast China and 5 from Beijing. Eight cases had a history of eating raw crabs. Most had symptoms including fever, chest discomfort or pain, and hemoptysis or rusty sputum. All had the following common pathologic features: formation of irregular lacunae or sinus tracts, Charcot-Leyden crystals, sometimes paragonimus body parts and/or eggs, and eosinophil infiltration in the adjacent tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Paragonimiasis is not as uncommon as previously thought. The incidence is increasing in some cities due to movement of populations. The pathological diagnosis can be confirmed by finding paragonimus body parts and/or eggs. Diagnosis can also be made by correlation with other typical pathologic features, clinical history, immunologic findings and radiography. Paragonimiasis needs to be differentiated from pulmonary tuberculosis and cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Clinical analysis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis].

OBJECTIVE: To improve the diagnosis and treatment of lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). METHODS: The clinical data of four cases of lymphangioleiomyomatosis diagnosed in our hospital were analyzed and corresponding literature was reviewed. RESULTS: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis, a rare disorder of unknown cause that occured almost exclusively in women of child bearing ages, was characterized microscopically by atypical smooth muscle proliferation. It could occur as a sporadic diseases or as a part of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). LAM was associated with progressive dyspnea, recurrent spontaneous pneumothoraces, chylous effusions, and hamartomas. CONCLUSION: Clinicians should be familiar with the characteristics of LAM so that diagnosis and treatment can be made earlier to improve the prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Diffuse panbronchiolitis with histopathological confirmation among Chinese.

BACKGROUND: Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) was originally and is still primarily reported in Japan, rarely in other countries. As macrolide therapy is effective for this disease with once dismal prognosis, familiarity with its clinical features is urgently needed, especially for clinicians outside Japan. The objectives of this study were to investigate the clinical features of DPB in a Chinese population and propose diagnostic procedures that will lead to increased awareness of this treatable disease among clinicians, ultimately allowing for more rapid diagnosis. METHODS: After a literature review, the clinical features of DPB were histopathologically confirmed in a series of 9 cases either by open lung biopsy or video-assisted thoracic surgical biopsy, resulting in the largest series of confirmed DPB cases in a non-Japanese population. Here, the cases are retrospectively described and diagnostic procedures are discussed. RESULTS: Persistent cough, sputum, and exertion dyspnea occurred in 89% of patients, a history of or current chronic sinusitis in 78%, centrilobular micronodules appearing on chest CT scans in 100%, coarse crackles in 78%, FEV1/FVC < 70% in 44%, PaO2 < 80 mmHg in 56%, and titer of cold hemagglutinin > or = 1:64 in 11%. According to its clinical diagnostic criteria, diagnosis was definitive in 44%, suggested in 33%, and excluded in 23% at the time of diagnosis. However, DPB was clinically considered before confirmation in only 22% of patients, with the remaining 78% of cases missed or mistaken for other diseases. Of the 9 cases, 8 received transbronchial biopsies before confirmation of the diagnosis, but all showed non-specific inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: Although its clinical features may vary with disease course and ethnic populations, most cases of DPB can be diagnosed or suggested according to clinical diagnostic criteria. However, underdiagnosis as a result of unfamiliarity with its clinical features and diagnostic criteria prevails. If difficulty in diagnosis arises, the diagnosis should be based on clinicopathological features and the exclusion of other diseases. Few cases can be confirmed by transbronchial biopsies; in these cases, either an open-lung biopsy or a video-assisted thoracic surgical lung biopsy should be recommended.

Adolescent↗