Biomedical subjects

Huaiqing Chen

Publications and source records attributed to Huaiqing Chen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2007

High glucose upregulates connective tissue growth factor expression in human vascular smooth muscle cells.

BACKGROUND: Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a potent profibrotic factor, which is implicated in fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis. It is a downstream mediator of some of the effects of transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) and is potentially induced by hyperglycemia in human renal mesangial cells. However, whether high glucose could induce the CTGF expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remains unknown. Therefore, this study was designed to test whether high glucose could regulate CTGF expression in human VSMC. The effect of modulating CTGF expression on VSMC proliferation and migration was further investigated. RESULTS: Expression of CTGF mRNA was up-regulated as early as 6 hours in cultured human VSMCs after exposed to high glucose condition, followed by ECM components (collagen type I and fibronectin) accumulation. The upregulation of CTGF mRNA appears to be TGFbeta-dependent since anti-TGFbeta antibody blocks the effect of high glucose on CTGF gene expression. A small interference RNA (siRNA) targeting CTGF mRNA (CTGF-siRNA) effectively suppressed CTGF up-regulation stimulated by high glucose up to 79% inhibition. As a consequence of decreased expression of CTGF gene, the deposition of ECM proteins in the VSMC was also declined. Moreover, CTGF-siRNA expressing vector partially inhibited the high glucose-induced VSMC proliferation and migration. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that in the development of macrovascular complications in diabetes, CTGF might be an important factor involved in the patho-physiological responses to high glucose in human VSMCs. In addition, the modulatory effects of CTGF-siRNA during this process suggest that specific targeting CTGF by RNA interference could be useful in preventing intimal hyperplasia in diabetic macrovascular complications.

Cell Movement↗

PubMed2006

The Psa fimbriae of Yersinia pestis interact with phosphatidylcholine on alveolar epithelial cells and pulmonary surfactant.

The pH 6 antigen (Psa) of Yersinia pestis consists of fimbriae with adhesive properties of potential importance for the pathogenesis of plague, including pneumonic plague. The Psa fimbriae mediate bacterial binding to human alveolar epithelial cells. The Psa fimbriae bound mostly to one component present in the total lipid extract from type II alveolar epithelial cells of the cell line A549 separated by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The Psa receptor was identified as phosphatidylcholine (PC) by TLC using alkali treatment, molybdenum blue staining, and Psa overlays. The Psa fimbriae bound to PC in a dose-dependent manner, and binding was inhibited by phosphorylcholine (ChoP) and choline. Binding inhibition was dose dependent, although only high concentrations of ChoP completely blocked Psa binding to PC. In contrast, less than 1 muM of a ChoP-polylysine polymer inhibited specifically the adhesion of Psa-fimbriated Escherichia coli to PC, and type I (WI-26 VA4) and type II alveolar epithelial cells. These results indicated that the homopolymeric Psa fimbriae are multimeric adhesins. Psa also bound to pulmonary surfactant, which covers the alveolar surface as a product of type II alveolar epithelial cells and includes PC as the major component. The observed dose-dependent interaction of Psa with pulmonary surfactant was blocked by ChoP. Interestingly, surfactant did not inhibit Psa-mediated bacterial binding to alveolar cells, suggesting that both surfactant and cell membrane PC retain Psa-fimbriated bacteria on the alveolar surface. Altogether, the results indicate that Psa uses the ChoP moiety of PC as a receptor to mediate bacterial binding to pulmonary surfactant and alveolar epithelial cells.

Antigens, Bacterial↗

PubMed2006

Comparison of a fimbrial versus an autotransporter display system for viral epitopes on an attenuated Salmonella vaccine vector.

Attenuated Salmonella have been used as vectors to deliver foreign antigens as live vaccines. We have previously developed an efficient surface-display system by genetically engineering 987P fimbriae to present transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) C and A epitopes for the induction of anti-TGEV antibodies with a Salmonella vaccine vector. Here, this system was compared with an autotransporter protein surface display system. The TGEV C and A epitopes were fused to the passenger domain of the MisL autotransporter of Salmonella. Expression of both the MisL- and 987P subunit FasA-fusions to the TGEV epitopes were under the control of in vivo-induced promoters. Expression of the TGEV epitopes from the Salmonella typhimurium CS4552 (crp cya asd pgtE) vaccine strain was greater when the epitopes were fused to MisL than when they were fused to the 987P FasA subunit. However, when BALB/c mice were orally immunized with the Salmonella vector expressing the TGEV epitopes from either one of the fusion constructs or both together, the highest level of anti-TGEV antibody was obtained with the 987P-TGEV immunogen-displaying vector. This result suggested that better immune responses towards specific epitopes could be obtained by using a polymeric display system such as fimbriae.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Effect of homocysteine on platelet activation induced by collagen.

OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated the effects of homocysteine on platelet activation induced by collagen and the downstream signaling pathways potentially involved in these effects. METHODS: Washed human platelets were incubated with homocysteine and collagen type I. The effects of homocysteine on platelet aggregation and adhesion and the tyrosine phosphorylation of total platelet proteins, Src kinase, and phospholipase-Cgamma2 (PLCgamma2) were studied. RESULTS: Homocysteine (10 to 100 microM) increased collagen-induced aggregation of washed platelets. Upon homocysteine (50 to 100 microM) treatment, platelet deposition to collagen-coated surface was significantly augmented under the low shear rate model (100/s) but not under the high shear rate model (1600/s). Collagen-stimulated total protein tyrosine phosphorylation in platelets was further enhanced by incubation with homocysteine. This effect was almost abrogated by genistein. Homocysteine potentiated collagen-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the Src kinase and PLCgamma2, which was partly decreased by integrin beta1 blocking antibody. CONCLUSION: Homocysteine (at 10 to 100 microM) potentiates collagen type I induced-platelet activation through signaling components of glycoprotein VI and integrin alpha2beta1 pathway. Our results suggested that upregulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins such as Src and PLCgamma2 is involved in the downstream signaling events of homocysteine stimulation in human platelets.

Blotting, Western↗

PubMed2006

Effects of Psa and F1 on the adhesive and invasive interactions of Yersinia pestis with human respiratory tract epithelial cells.

Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, expresses the Psa fimbriae (pH 6 antigen) in vitro and in vivo. To evaluate the potential virulence properties of Psa for pneumonic plague, an Escherichia coli strain expressing Psa was engineered and shown to adhere to three types of human respiratory tract epithelial cells. Psa binding specificity was confirmed with Psa-coated polystyrene beads and by inhibition assays. Individual Y. pestis cells were found to be able to express the capsular antigen fraction 1 (F1) concomitantly with Psa on their surface when analyzed by flow cytometry. To better evaluate the separate effects of F1 and Psa on the adhesive and invasive properties of Y. pestis, isogenic Deltacaf (F1 genes), Deltapsa, and Deltacaf Deltapsa mutants were constructed and studied with the three respiratory tract epithelial cells. The Deltapsa mutant bound significantly less to all three epithelial cells compared to the parental wild-type strain and the Deltacaf and Deltacaf Deltapsa mutants, indicating that Psa acts as an adhesin for respiratory tract epithelial cells. An antiadhesive effect of F1 was clearly detectable only in the absence of Psa, underlining the dominance of the Psa+ phenotype. Both F1 and Psa inhibited the intracellular uptake of Y. pestis. Thus, F1 inhibits bacterial uptake by inhibiting bacterial adhesion to epithelial cells, whereas Psa seems to block bacterial uptake by interacting with a host receptor that doesn't direct internalization. The Deltacaf Deltapsa double mutant bound and invaded all three epithelial cell types well, revealing the presence of an undefined adhesin(s) and invasin(s).

Antigens, Bacterial↗

PubMed2006

[Research on electricity frequency property of blood].

On the basis of our previous work, the electric frequency property of human blood in different components, in physiological state and in pathological state (diabetes) are tested and analyzed in the range of 1Hz-20MHz progressively. Among the different components of blood; the lowest electrical impedance is serum; the plasma and the whole blood gradually become larger, the blood corpuscle is the largest one. Otherwise, the negative phase of serum is the largest, the plasma and the whole blood are lower, and the blood corpuscle is the lowest. Here, the question is why the effect of the electric capacity of serum and plasma is the biggest in the condition of no cell and cell membrane; diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder in which blood changes obviously, the electric frequency property of the blood of diabetic patients changes markedly; the electrical impedance of blood decreases (more obviously with low frequency), the negative phase increases (more obviously with high frequency). These indicate that the increase of electric conductivity in diabetic patients' blood is due to electric capacitance conductivity that is related to the changes of cell membrane, deformation abilities and aggregation of RBC. Related experiments demonstrate again that with the progressing of research in the electric frequency property of blood, we may use the theory and method of electricity to examine some important characters of blood in a different way, and so to corroborate other tests and analyses.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[A potential role for the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis by ovariectomy in rat].

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the osteogenesis and adipogenesis in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from normal rats and osteoporotic rats by ovariectomy. Osteoporotic animal model was established in 3 month-old and 6 month-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by ovariectomy. Animal experiments were divided into 4 groups: 1) control-3 group; 2) ovx-3 group; 3) control-6 group and 4) ovx-6 group. MSCs were isolated by means of the density-gradient centrifugation method from each group, respectively. Colony-forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-Fs ) number, CFU-Fs size distribution and cell density in CFU-Fs of primary passage MSCs were measured at the inverted phase contrast microscope. The cell cycle and proliferation index (PI) as well as apoptosis idex (AI) of MSCs were studied by (FCM). After osteogenic induction (OSI), calcium nodes of MSCs were marked by alizarin red staining (ARS); The expression level of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) was detected by dynamics method with substrate of phosphoric acid para-Nitro benzene and the content of osteocalcin (OCN) was detected with the isotope labelling method. After adipogenic induction (ADI), lipid droplet in MSCs were detected by oil red O staining and the mRNA level of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) was measured by RT-PCR. The results showed that CFU-Fs and PI are obviously decresed and AI are increased of MSCs in OVX-3 and OVX-6 groups (P<0.05). The secretory volume of ALP and BGP of MSCs and the content of calcium nods of MSCs are lower in OVX-3 and OVX-6 groups than that in control-3 and control-6 groups after osteogenic induction (P<0.05). The number of lipid droplet and the expression level of LPL mRNA are higher in OVX-3 and OVX-6 groups than that in control-3 and control-6 (P<0.05). The result in our study suggested that depress of osteogenesis and the up-regulation of adipogenesis of MSCs in osteoporotic rats by ovariectomy may be relate close to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.

Adipocytes↗

PubMed2006

[Growth and osteogenesis characteristics of cultured canine mesenchymal stem cells under osteogenic induction].

To investigate the growth and osteogenesis characteristics of cultured canine mesenchymal stem cells (cMSCs) under osteogenic induction. We found the cMSCs were isolated from adult canine using density gradient separation method. The cMSCs attachment formed soon after seeding and grew into colonies with the appearance of fibroblastic cells. The osteogenic induction compound of Dexamethasone (Dex), beta-sodium glycerphosphate (beta-GP), ascorbic acid (AA) was added to passaged cMSCs and the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of them was studied. The morphology of cells was observed by light micrograph and transmission electron microscope. The proliferation and growth characteristics of cMSCs were observed during primary and passage cultures through MTT. The differentiation were assayed by alkaline phophatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN). We found the cMSCs have an active proliferative ability in primary and passage culture, and cMSCs under osteogenic induction have the typical characteristic of a secretory cell; the osteogenic induction compound may induce cMSCs to differentiate to osteoblasts. There are higher expression of ALP and OCN in passage 3 cMSCs under osteogenic induction than that of the osteoblasts osteogenic induction condition. Our research suggest the cMSCs in our culture system are mainly undifferentiated osteoprogenitors and can differentiate to osteoblast under osteogenic induction.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

[The study of osteogenous differentiation of MSCs transfected with different gene].

This experiment is sought to study the contribution of different gene in osteogenous differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) and optimize the seed cells of bone tissue engineering. Firstly, we obtained the full length gene of BMP-2, VEGF165 and bFGF by RT-PCR, and cloned into the expression vector pcDNA3. 0. After to be transfected, the MSCs cell lines which could express each of the target protein were selected out by G418. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to confirm the exogenous gene expression in MSCs. MTT showed that almost all of the MSCs which have been transfected with exogenous gene had more strong proliferative potential than the untransfected group did. There was a notable increase of ALP activity in transfected cell compared with the control group. The concentration of OCN in cell culture medium had a increase in some degree except of VEGF group. The outstanding osteogenous differentiation could be observed in BMP-2 and bFGF transfected MSCs. The results showed that the MSCs modified by BMP-2 and bFGF would be more effective in bone tissue engineering field.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

[Study of color blood image segmentation based on two-stage-improved FCM algorithm].

This paper introduces a new method for color blood cell image segmentation based on FCM algorithm. By transforming the original blood microscopic image to indexed image, and by doing the colormap, a fuzzy apparoach to obviating the direct clustering of image pixel values, the quantity of data processing and analysis is enormously compressed. In accordance to the inherent features of color blood cell image, the segmentation process is divided into two stages. (1)confirming the number of clusters and initial cluster centers; (2) altering the distance measuring method by the distance weighting matrix in order to improve the clustering veracity. In this way, the problem of difficult convergence of FCM algorithm is solved, the iteration time of iterative convergence is reduced, the execution time of algarithm is decreased, and the correct segmentation of the components of color blood cell image is implemented.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2006

[Mechanical environment of rotating bioreactor and its effect on cell growth].

In this paper is presented an analysis of the mechanical effect of horizontal rotating bioreactor on cell culture. Getting the microgravity of the bioreactor and the shear stress on canine mesenchymal stem cells (cMSCs) with theoretic calculating model and differential equations, we have validated the density,growth rate and modality of cultured cell by scanning electron microscopy. The horizontal rotating bioreactor which we developed could create the mechanic environment of microgravity (K<8.38 X 10(-2))and low shear stress(r<1.62 dyn/cm2) in theory. The results of scanning electron microscopy indicated that the cells' growth-speed, quantity and modality in bioreactor were better than those of cells cultured in static 24-well plate. The mechanical environment of the rotating bioreactor is propitious for keeping better modality and more rapid proliferation of cMSCs. The rotating bioreactor is a novel approach and technique it is superior to static culture.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

[Research on preparation of silk fibroin and its biocompatibility with rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells].

The newly developed approach of tissue engineering has been shown to be great potential on the ligament reconstruction, however, the criterion for the scaffolding material was strict. The scaffold material must have enough strength as well as elasticity, at the same time, it should be biocompatible. As a nature protein, silk is a promising tissue engineering scaffold material for its excellent mechanical property. However, because of the contamination of sericin, the chief problem of silk's medical use is degumming. We compared three degumming reagents to choose the one which has least effect on the mechanical property of silk, and then the best degumming condition was confirmed: 0.4%NazCO3, 90 degrees C, 1 h. Rat bone morrw mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) were seeded on the fibroin, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and fluorescence microscope were used to detect the biocompatibility of it. And the results showed that fibroin had outstanding biocompatibility and cell affinity, which indicated the further use of fibroin in tissue engineering.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

[The effect of mechanical strain on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from rats].

In order to investigate the effects of cyclic biaxial mechanical strain on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)from rats. The MSCs were isolated from bone marrow in the 9-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats by a density gradient method. After the third passage,1 x 10(5) cells were seeded on the flexible silicone membrane in the cyclic biaxial mechanical strain unit. The amplitude of mechanical strain applied to the cells were 4000 microstrain, at a frequency of one hertz (1 Hz), for periods of 3 repetitions of 2 hours' mechanical strain and a break of 2 hours. The osteoblastic marker such as osteopontin (OPN),alkaline phosphatease (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), type I collagen (Col I) were detected by RT-PCR. The proliferation of all cells were studied with Flow Cytometry (FCM). ALP and OPN levels significantly increased in the mechanical strained groups and reached the top at 3th day after mechanical strain. COL I level was increase only at 3th day after mechanical strain, and the change of OCN was not obvious in every group. The proliferation index of the medchanical strained groups was increased, compared with the control. These results showed that mechanical strain can improve MSCs proliferation and make MSCs differentiate to osteoblast.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗

PubMed2006

[The dynamic concision for three-dimensional reconstruction of human organ built with virtual reality modeling language (VRML)].

This research studies the process of dynamic concision and 3D reconstruction from medical body data using VRML and JavaScript language, focuses on how to realize the dynamic concision of 3D medical model built with VRML. The 2D medical digital images firstly are modified and manipulated by 2D image software. Then, based on these images, 3D mould is built with VRML and JavaScript language. After programming in JavaScript to control 3D model, the function of dynamic concision realized by Script node and sensor node in VRML. The 3D reconstruction and concision of body internal organs can be formed in high quality near to those got in traditional methods. By this way, with the function of dynamic concision, VRML browser can offer better windows of man-computer interaction in real time environment than before. 3D reconstruction and dynamic concision with VRML can be used to meet the requirement for the medical observation of 3D reconstruction and has a promising prospect in the fields of medical image.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

Smad4 inhibits tumor growth by inducing apoptosis in estrogen receptor-alpha-positive breast cancer cells.

Estrogen is a mitogen in most estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha)-positive breast cancers. We have found that Smad4, a common signal transducer in the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, acts as an ERalpha transcriptional corepressor. Here, we show that Smad4 induces apoptosis in ERalpha-positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells, but not in ERalpha-negative MDA-MB-231 cells. Smad4 induced expression of short Bim isoforms (by alternative splicing) and Bax and release of cytochrome c in ERalpha-positive cells only, and expression of these apoptotic marker genes was reduced when ERalpha small interfering RNA was introduced. Notably, Smad4 was able to induce apoptosis in MDA-231 cells with acquired ERalpha expression. Furthermore, Smad4 inhibited ERalpha-positive tumor growth by inducing apoptosis in tumor xenografts in nude mice. The sizes of tumors expressing Smad4 were only one-tenth the size of those expressing green fluorescent protein, whereas in ERalpha-negative cells, Smad4 did not reduce the tumor size. Notably, Smad4 also promoted short Bim isoform and Bax expression and release of cytochrome c only in ERalpha-positive MCF-7 tumor xenografts. Bim was sufficient for induction of apoptosis, and the short form was the most potent inducer. Our results demonstrate that Smad4 induces apoptosis by regulating Bim splicing as an initial intrinsic signal in ERalpha-positive cells. Smad4-induced apoptosis in ERalpha-positive breast cancer cells may explain the invasive nature of ERalpha-negative breast tumors, thereby providing a potential target for breast cancer intervention.

Alternative Splicing↗

PubMed2005

Histone H1 proteins act as receptors for the 987P fimbriae of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

The tip adhesin FasG of the 987P fimbriae of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli mediates two distinct adhesive interactions with brush border molecules of the intestinal epithelial cells of neonatal piglets. First, FasG attaches strongly to sulfatide with hydroxylated fatty acyl chains. This interaction involves lysine 117 and other lysine residues of FasG. Second, FasG recognizes specific intestinal brush border proteins that migrate on a sodium-dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel like a distinct set of 32-35-kDa proteins, as shown by ligand blotting assays. The protein sequence of high performance liquid chromatography-purified tryptic fragments of the major protein band matched sequences of human and murine histone H1 proteins. Porcine histone H1 proteins isolated from piglet intestinal epithelial cells demonstrated the same SDS-PAGE migration pattern and 987P binding properties as the 987P-specific protein receptors from porcine intestinal brush borders. Binding was dose-dependent and shown to be specific in adhesion inhibition and gel migration shift assays. Moreover, mapping of the histone H1 binding domain suggested that it is located in their lysine-rich C-terminal domains. Histone H1 molecules were visualized on the microvilli of intestinal epithelial cells by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Taken together these results indicated that the intestinal protein receptors for 987P are histone H1 proteins. It is suggested that histones are released into the intestinal lumen by the high turnover of the intestinal epithelium. Their strong cationic properties can explain their association with the negatively charged brush border surfaces. There, the histone H1 molecules stabilize the sulfatide-fimbriae interaction by simultaneously binding to the membrane and to 987P.

Adhesins, Escherichia coli↗

PubMed2005

[Dynamic alteration of blood lipid and hemodynamics parameters and vascular intima in the process of atherosclerosis].

To establish and observe rabbit hyperlipemia and atherosclerosis model, we combined the method of high-lipid diet and immuoreactive injure. We divided 45 New Zealand rabbit into control group and high-lipid group. According to the time (4, 8, 12 weeks) of established model, the control group and high-lipid group were divided into 3 groups respectively. The blood-lipid, the hemodynamics parameter and vascular intima were determined and observed. The results showed: (1) After feeding 4, 8, 12 weeks, TC and LDL-C of the high-lipid group in the serum increased obviously. After feeding 8 week, TG of the high-lipid group began to increase obviously. HDL-C of the high-lipid group was higher than control group, but with a descendent trend. (2) Blood viscosity of the high-lipid group increased obviously under the 0.512 S(-1) and 5.96 S(-1) at 12 week. Blood flow increased obviously at 8 and 12 week. SBP increased evidently at 8 and 12 week. Alteration of the plasma viscosity and vascular diameter were not obvious. (3) By observing with optical microscope the intima of the control group is smooth. The intima of the high-lipid group has a light incrassation at 4 week. The intima of the high-lipid group has a obvious incrassation at 8 and 12 week. By observing with through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the lipid vacuole is under the endothelium cell. (4) By adopting the immunohistochemistry, the foam cell that derived from smooth muscle cell were determined. We concluded that the blood lipid can have a prefigurative role in atherosclerosis; blood flow and blood pressure and blood viscosity increase at low shear rate in the course of the atherosclerosis; vascular intima is incrassate and the composition of the AS plaque is variational continually.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Influence of different-sized titanium particles loading on osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization].

Studies have recently suggested that the coupling mechanism of bone formation and bone resorption are affected by particulate wear debris inducing aseptic loosening around the bone-prosthesis microenviroment. There may be direct impacts on osteoblasts, resulting in net decrease in bone formation. In addition, the influences of particulate wear debris in different size on the osteogenesis should be various. In order to investigate the hypothesis that particulate wear debris derived from prosthetic biomaterials affects the osteogenesis of osteblasts, we studied the influence of different-sized titanium particles loading on the osteoblastic differentiation by assaying the secretion of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), N-terminal type I procollagen (PINP), and on the osteoblastic mineralization with the use of calcified node number, calcified node area and Alizarin Red S (ARS) concentration. Upon in vitro culture in the absence of titanium particles, we observed that cultures of osteoblasts isolated from newborn Japanese rabbits' cranium were excellently capable of differentiation and mineralization. Phi6.9 microm titanium particles did not evidently alter osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization. In comparison, phi2.7 microm and phi0.9 microm titanium particles, especially phi0.9 microm (submicron), significantly suppressed ALP expression, reduced PINP production, decreased OCN secretion and inhibited matrix mineralization. Results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of titanium particles-loaded osteoblastic cultures revealed that osteoblasts phagocytized titanium particles and exhibited ultrastructional changes consistent with cellular dysfuction. Combined with our previous studies in vitro findings, these results suggest that particles size play a key role in the process of aseptic loosening, which submicron particles are closely associated with inhibition of bone formation while bigger particles with enhancement of bone resorption. Further understanding the nature of osteoblastic bioreactivity to different-size wear particles should provide additional insights into mechanisms underlying aseptic loosening.

Animals↗